AffiliationsDavid U. Himmelstein and Steffie Woolhandler are with Hunter College, City University of New York, NY, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Robert M. Lawless is the Illinois College Law, Champaign. Deborah Thorne Department Sociology & Anthropology, Idaho, Moscow. Pamela Foohey Maurer School Indiana University, Bloomington.

Abstract Legal rights of investors are recognized as an essential component corporate governance. We assess the efficacy these by examining board changes surrounding filings shareholder derivative lawsuits. find that incidence lawsuits is higher for firms with a greater likelihood agency conflicts. also associated significant improvements in boards directors. In particular, proportion outside representation on directors increases. There some evidence other characteristics change favorably....

Periods of intensification alternate with periods shift mode production in pristine-state sequences; attendant upon these are regular shifts sociopolitical organization. This paper develops an evolutionary model regularities and their relation to other traditional questions state formation. Specifically it notes that rarely if ever do such transformations affect only a single precocious polity, at any level sociocultural integration. Instead, number polities, comparable each size,...

We report on racially disparate uses of Chapter 13 bankruptcy. Currently, approximately 1,500,000 bankruptcy petitions are filed each year, with about 30 percent those being cases. Although can offer some legal advantages for persons seeking to protect valuable assets such as a house or automobile, it generally offers less relief and costs more than the primary alternative available consumers, 7. The chief feature case is plan under which debtor must devote all his her disposable income...

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Introduction 3 I. Origins of the Undercount 7 A. The Administrative Office Data 1. Apparent Decline in Business Bankruptcies as a Percentage All Filings 8 2. Comparing to Other Sources 11 a. Dun & Bradstreet Statistics 12 b. Small Administration 13 3. Summary 15 B. How Administraive Collects Its Business/Nonbusiness Distinction 16 Midto Late 1980s and Unofficial Cover Sheet ....... 17 Official Sheet, 1991 Present 20 4. Who Completed 21 C. Role Automated Form Software 22 II. Our Study 26...

The social safety net for older Americans has been shrinking the past couple decades. risks associated with aging, reduced income, and increased healthcare costs, have off-loaded onto individuals. At same time, are increasingly likely to file consumer bankruptcy, their representation among those in bankruptcy never higher. Using data from Consumer Bankruptcy Project, we find more than a two-fold increase rate at which (age 65 over) an almost five-fold percentage of persons U.S. system....

As neoliberal ideology and policies gained a foothold in the early 1980s, social safety net for older Americans contracted. Responsibility risks associated with aging, namely retirement income healthcare costs, was increasingly transferred from state to individual. Using data Consumer Bankruptcy Project, we report that since 1991, there has been more than twofold increase rate at which (age 65 over) file consumer bankruptcy an almost fivefold percentage of persons U.S. system. This magnitude...

We report on racially disparate uses of chapter 13 bankruptcy. Currently, approximately 1,500,000 bankruptcy petitions are filed each year, with about 30% those being cases. Although can offer some legal advantages for persons seeking to protect valuable assets such as a house or automobile, it generally offers less relief and costs more than the primary alternative available consumers, 7. The chief feature case is plan under which debtor must devote all his her disposable income creditor...

This study examines whether the state legal environment influences where IPOs elect to incorporate and their subsequent market value. To examine these questions, we develop a new measure of that incorporates both presence critical statutes willingness innovate. We conclude this offers academics, practitioners others interested in corporate finance, highly convenient quantitative evaluation state's climate. Our empirical use yields important cross-sectional variations environments, with...

Psychologists often posit relatively straightforward attitude-behavior links. They also study cultural arrangements as manifestations of attitudes and values writ large. However, we illustrate some difficulties with scaling up principles from the individual-level to cultural-level: Historical can lead creation intermediating institutions, whose value-expressive functions may be at odds behavioral outcomes they produce. Through institutional inversion, institutions facilitate rather than...

Apologies result in better outcomes for wrongdoers a variety of legal contexts. Previous research, however, has primarily addressed settings which clear victim receives the apology. This research uses experimental methods to examine influence apologies on different kind decision—the decision bankruptcy judge confirm or not proposed repayment plan. article expands examination setting there is no “victim” and decisions neutral (nonvictim) decisionmaker. We find that judges' assessments debtors...

Congress designed the 2005 amendments to federal Bankruptcy Code decrease consumer bankruptcy filings, but does history suggest that is a reasonable expectation for new law? Using government data, this paper examines relationship between household debt and changes in legal regime on filing rates. First, I find components of have different relationships with rates over time frames. Over both short- long-term, increased mortgage associated Consumer debt, however, has negative short-term...