A5040023067- Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Plant and animal studies
- Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation
- Slime Mold and Myxomycetes Research
- Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence
- Opinion Dynamics and Social Influence
- Evacuation and Crowd Dynamics
- Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Ecosystem dynamics and resilience
- Micro and Nano Robotics
- Distributed Control Multi-Agent Systems
- Plant and Biological Electrophysiology Studies
- Complex Systems and Decision Making
- Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Complex Network Analysis Techniques
- Color Science and Applications
- Biocrusts and Microbial Ecology
- Genetics, Bioinformatics, and Biomedical Research
- Traffic control and management
- DNA and Biological Computing
- Crime Patterns and Interventions
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
New Jersey Institute of Technology
2015-2024
Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
2019-2024
Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale
2005-2013
Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier
2005-2013
Princeton University
2010-2013
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2005-2013
Université de Toulouse
2010
Institut Für Angewandte Kulturforschung
2004
Human crowd motion is mainly driven by self-organized processes based on local interactions among pedestrians. While most studies of behaviour consider only isolated individuals, it turns out that up to 70% people in a are actually moving groups, such as friends, couples, or families walking together. These groups constitute medium-scale aggregated structures and their impact dynamics still largely unknown. In this work, we analyze the approximately 1500 pedestrian under natural condition,...
In animal societies as well in human crowds, many observed collective behaviours result from self-organized processes based on local interactions among individuals. However, models of crowd dynamics are still lacking a systematic individual-level experimental verification, and the mechanisms underlying formation patterns not yet known detail. We have conducted set well-controlled experiments with pedestrians performing simple avoidance tasks order to determine laws ruling their behaviour...
Robot swarms have, to date, been constructed from artificial materials. Motile biological constructs have created muscle cells grown on precisely shaped scaffolds. However, the exploitation of emergent self-organization and functional plasticity into a self-directed living machine has remained major challenge. We report here method for generation in vitro robots frog (Xenopus laevis) cells. These xenobots exhibit coordinated locomotion via cilia present their surface. arise through normal...
Pedestrian crowds can form the substrate of important socially contagious behaviors, including propagation visual attention, violence, opinions, and emotional state. However, relating individual to collective behavior is often difficult, quantitative studies have largely used laboratory experimentation. We present two in which we tracked motion head direction 3,325 pedestrians natural quantify extent, influence, context dependence transmitted attention. In our first study, instructed...
The spontaneous organization of collective activities in animal groups and societies has attracted a considerable amount attention over the last decade. This kind coordination often permits group-living species to achieve tasks that are far beyond single individuals' capabilities. In particular, key benefit lies integration partial knowledge environment at level. this contribution, we discuss various self-organization phenomena swarms human crowds from point view information exchange among...
We studied the formation of trail patterns by Argentine ants exploring an empty arena. Using a novel imaging and analysis technique we estimated pheromone concentrations at all spatial positions in experimental arena different times. Then derived response function individual to looking correlations between changes speed or direction ants. Ants were found turn local concentrations, while their was largely unaffected these concentrations. did not integrate over time, with concentration 1 cm...
During consensus decision making, individuals in groups balance personal information (based on their own past experiences) with social the behavior of other individuals), allowing group to reach a single collective choice. Previous studies making processes have focused informational aspects behavioral choice, assuming that make choices based solely likelihood being beneficial (e.g., rewarded). However, decisions by both humans and nonhuman animals systematically violate such expectations....
The ability of individual animals to create functional structures by joining together is rare and confined the social insects. Army ants (Eciton) form collective assemblages out their own bodies perform a variety functions that benefit entire colony. Here we examine ‟bridges" linked individuals are constructed span gaps in colony's foraging trail. How these living adjust themselves varied changing conditions remains poorly understood. Our field experiments show continuously modify bridges,...
Several recent studies hint at shared patterns in decision-making between taxonomically distant organisms, yet few demonstrate and dissect mechanisms of simpler organisms. We examine the unicellular slime mould Physarum polycephalum using a classical decision problem adapted from human animal studies: two-armed bandit problem. This has previously only been used to study organisms with brains, here we that brainless organism compares relative qualities multiple options, integrates over...
Fundamental knowledge gaps exist about the plasticity of cells from adult soma and potential diversity body shape behavior in living constructs derived genetically wild-type cells. Here anthrobots are introduced, a spheroid-shaped multicellular biological robot (biobot) platform with diameters ranging 30 to 500 microns cilia-powered locomotive abilities. Each Anthrobot begins as single cell, human lung, self-constructs into motile biobot after being cultured extra cellular matrix for 2 weeks...
Self-amplification processes are at the origin of several collective decision phenomena in insect societies. Understanding these requires linking individual behavioral rules insects to a choice dynamics colony level. In homogeneous environment, German cockroach Blattella germanica displays self-amplified aggregation behavior. heterogeneous environment where shelters present, groups cockroaches collectively select one them. this article, we demonstrate that restriction behavior distinct zones...
Most studies of collective animal behaviour rely on short-term observations, and comparisons across different species contexts are rare. We therefore have a limited understanding intra- interspecific variation in over time, which is crucial if we to understand the ecological evolutionary processes that shape behaviour. Here, study motion four species: shoals stickleback fish ( Gasterosteus aculeatus ), flocks homing pigeons Columba livia herd goats Capra aegagrus hircus ) troop chacma...
The pheromone trail laying and following behaviors of ants have proved to be an efficient mechanism optimize path selection in natural as well artificial networks. Despite this efficiency, is under-used collective robotics because the chemical nature pheromones. In paper we present a new experimental setup which allows investigate with real robots properties systems using such behaviors. To validate our setup, results experiment group 5 has select between two identical alternatives linking...
We report the faithful reproduction of self-organized aggregation behavior German cockroach Blattella germanica with a group robots. describe implementation biological model provided by Jeanson et al. in Alice robots, and we compare behaviors cockroaches robots using same experimental analytical methodology. show that was successfully transferred to robot despite strong differences between animals at perceptual, actuatorial, computational levels. This article highlights some major...
Interactions between individuals and the structure of their environment play a crucial role in shaping self-organized collective behaviors. Recent studies have shown that ants crossing asymmetrical bifurcations network galleries tend to follow branch deviates least from incoming direction. At level, combination this tendency pheromone-based recruitment results greater likelihood selecting shortest path colony's nest food source containing bifurcations. It was not clear however what origin...
Understanding how social and environmental factors contribute to the spatio-temporal distribution of criminal activities is a fundamental question in modern criminology. Thanks development statistical techniques such as Risk Terrain Modeling (RTM), it possible evaluate precisely criminogenic contribution features given location. However, role information shaping acts largely understudied by criminological research literature. In this paper we investigate existence correlations between...
Organisms have evolved sensory mechanisms to extract pertinent information from their environment, enabling them assess situation and act accordingly. For social organisms travelling in groups, like the fish a school or birds flock, sharing can further improve situational awareness reaction times. Data on benefits costs of coordination, however, largely allowed our understanding why collective behaviours outpace mechanistic knowledge how they arise. Recent studies begun correct this...