A5038123150- Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Sleep and related disorders
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Hereditary Neurological Disorders
- Neurological diseases and metabolism
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Disease
- Epilepsy research and treatment
- Biochemical effects in animals
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Neonatal and fetal brain pathology
- Sirtuins and Resveratrol in Medicine
- Orthoptera Research and Taxonomy
- Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications
- Zebrafish Biomedical Research Applications
Università di Camerino
2021-2025
University of Bristol
2019-2024
University of Wisconsin–Madison
2012-2022
Marche Polytechnic University
2008-2020
National Institute of Optics
2011
Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona
2008
Institute of Neurological Sciences
2004
Synapse remodeling during sleep General activity and information processing while an animal is awake drive synapse strengthening. This counterbalanced by weakening of synapses (see the Perspective Acsády). De Vivo et al. used serial scanning electron microscopy to reconstruct axon-spine interface spine head volume in mouse brain. They observed a substantial decrease size after sleep. The largest relative changes occurred among weak synapses, whereas strong ones remained stable. Diering found...
We previously found that Mertk and its ligand Gas6 , astrocytic genes involved in phagocytosis, are upregulated after acute sleep deprivation. These results suggested astrocytes may engage phagocytic activity during extended wake, but direct evidence was lacking. Studies humans rodents also loss increases peripheral markers of inflammation, whether these changes associated with neuroinflammation and/or activation microglia, the brain's resident innate immune cells, unknown. Here we used...
Previous studies of differential gene expression in sleep and wake pooled transcripts from all brain cells showed that several genes expressed at higher levels during are involved the synthesis/maintenance membranes general myelin particular, a surprising finding given reported slow turnover many components. Other oligodendrocyte precursor (OPCs) responsible for formation new both injured normal adult brain, glutamate released neurons, via neuron–OPC synapses, can inhibit OPC proliferation...
Even modest sleep restriction, especially the loss of slow wave activity, is invariably associated with slower EEG activity during wake, occurrence local in an otherwise awake brain, and impaired performance due to cognitive memory deficits. Recent studies not only confirm beneficial role consolidation, but also point a specific for waves. Thus, implementation methods enhance waves without unwanted arousals or lightening could have significant practical implications. Here we first review...
Astrocytes can mediate neurovascular coupling, modulate neuronal excitability, and promote synaptic maturation remodeling. All these functions are likely to be modulated by the sleep/wake cycle, because brain metabolism, activity turnover change as a function of behavioral state. Yet, little is known about effects sleep wake on astrocytes. Here we show that strongly affect both astrocytic gene expression ultrastructure in mouse brain. Using translating ribosome affinity purification...
<h3>Context</h3>Converging evidence from electrophysiological studies suggests that in individuals with schizophrenia, electroencephalographic frontal fast oscillations are reduced. It is still unclear whether this reduction reflects an intrinsic deficit of underlying cortical/thalamocortical circuits and specific for regions. Recent healthy have established that, when perturbed, different brain regions oscillate at a specific, intrinsically generated dominant frequency, the natural...
Recent work has demonstrated that behavioral manipulations targeting specific cortical areas during prolonged wakefulness lead to a region-specific homeostatic increase in theta activity (5–9 Hz), suggesting waves could represent transient neuronal OFF periods (local sleep). In awake rats, the occurrence of an period brain area relevant for behavior results performance errors. Here we investigated potential relationship between local sleep events and negative outcomes humans. Volunteers...
During non-rapid eye-movement (NREM) sleep, cortical and thalamic neurons oscillate every second or so between ON periods, characterized by membrane depolarization wake-like tonic firing, OFF hyperpolarization neuronal silence. Cortical slow waves, the hallmark of NREM reflect near-synchronous periods in neurons. However, mechanisms triggering such are unclear, as there is little evidence for somatic inhibition. We studied inhibitory interneurons that express somatostatin (SOM), because ∼70%...
Sleep has been hypothesized to rebalance overall synaptic strength after ongoing learning during waking leads net potentiation. If so, because and size are correlated, synapses on average should be larger wake smaller sleep. This prediction was recently confirmed in mouse cerebral cortex using serial block-face electron microscopy (SBEM). However, whether these findings extend other brain regions is unknown. Moreover, sleep deprivation by gentle handling reported produce hippocampal spine...
Background: Insufficient sleep is a serious public health problem in modern society. It leads to increased risk of chronic diseases, and it has been frequently associated with cellular oxidative damage widespread low-grade inflammation. Probiotics have attracting increasing interest recently for their antioxidant anti-inflammatory properties. Here, we tested the ability probiotics contrast stress inflammation induced by loss. Methods: We administered multi-strain probiotic formulation...
Glutamate transporters are responsible for clearing synaptically released glutamate from the extracellular space. By this action, they maintain low levels of ambient glutamate, thus preventing excitotoxic damage, and contribute to shaping synaptic currents. We show that up-regulation transporter GLT-1 by ceftriaxone severely impaired mGluR-dependent long-term depression (LTD), induced at rat mossy fibre (MF)-CA3 synapses repetitive stimulation afferent fibres. This effect involved GLT-1,...
Abstract Exploration of a novel environment leads to neuronal DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). These DSBs are generated by type 2 topoisomerase relieve topological constrains that limit transcription plasticity-related immediate early genes. If not promptly repaired, however, may lead cell death. Since the induction genes is higher in wake than sleep, we asked whether it specifically associated with synaptic plasticity DSBs, and sleep provides any selective advantage over their repair. In...
Previous studies found that sleep loss can suppress the expression of genes implicated in myelination and have adverse effects on oligodendrocyte precursor cells. On other hand, may favor by promoting involved its formation maintenance. Albeit limited, these results suggest detrimental maintenance myelin. Here, we tested this hypothesis evaluating ultrastructural modifications myelin two brain regions (corpus callosum lateral olfactory tract) mice exposed to different periods loss, from a...
The activity of the noradrenergic system locus coeruleus (LC) is high in wake and low sleep. LC promotes arousal EEG activation, as well attention, working memory, cognitive flexibility. These functions rely on prefrontal cortex are impaired by sleep deprivation, but extent to which changes during remains unclear. Moreover, it unknown whether neurons can sustain elevated firing extended wake. Recent studies show that relative targeting primary motor (M1), those projecting medial (mPFC) have...
Abstract Background Prolonged cellular activity may overload cell function, leading to high rates of protein synthesis and accumulation misfolded or unassembled proteins, which cause endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress activate the unfolded response (UPR) re-establish normal homeostasis. Previous molecular work has demonstrated that sleep deprivation (SD) leads ER in neurons, with a number ER-specific proteins being upregulated maintain optimal proteostasis. It is still not clear processes...
GLT-1a, the major glutamate transporter, plays an important role in both physiological and pathological conditions. Uncertainty regarding its localization cerebral cortex prompted us to re-examine cellular subcellular rat somatic sensory cortex. GLT-1a detection was sensitive fixation; optimal conditions approximately 25% of GLT-1a+ profiles were axon terminals. GLT-1a/VGLUT1 double-labeling pre-embedding electron microscopy studies showed that 50% vicinity asymmetric synapses. Using...
By identifying endogenous molecules in brain extracellular fluid metabolomics can provide insight into the regulatory mechanisms and functions of sleep. Here we studied how cortical metabolome changes during sleep, sleep deprivation spontaneous wakefulness. Mice were implanted with electrodes for chronic sleep/wake recording microdialysis probes targeting prefrontal primary motor cortex. Metabolites measured using ultra performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry....
The slow waves of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep reflect experience-dependent plasticity and play a direct role in the restorative functions sleep. Importantly, behave as traveling waves, their propagation is assumed to occur through cortico-cortical white matter connections. In this light, corpus callosum (CC) may represent main responsible for cross-hemispheric slow-wave propagation. To verify hypothesis, we performed overnight high-density (hd)-EEG recordings five patients who...
REM sleep is critical for memory, emotion, and cognition. Manipulating brain activity during could improve our understanding of its function benefits. Earlier studies have suggested that auditory stimulation in might modulate time reduce rapid eye movement density. Building on this, we studied the cognitive effects electroencephalographic responses related to such stimulation. We used acoustic locked movements compared two overnight conditions (stimulation no-stimulation). evaluated impact...
Astrocytic glycogen represents the only form of glucose storage in brain, and one outcomes its breakdown is production lactate that can be used by neurons as an alternative energetic substrate. Since brain metabolism higher wake than sleep, it was hypothesized stores are depleted during replenished sleep. Furthermore, proposed depletion leads to progressive increase adenosine levels wake, providing a homeostatic signal reflects buildup sleep pressure. However, previous studies measured...
Study ObjectiveThe adolescent brain may be uniquely affected by acute sleep deprivation (ASD) and chronic restriction (CSR), but direct evidence is lacking. We used electron microscopy to examine how ASD CSR affect pyramidal neurons in the frontal cortex of mice, focusing on mitochondria, endosomes, lysosomes that together perform most basic cellular functions, from nutrient intake prevention stress.