A direct approach for unbalanced three-phase distribution load flow solutions is proposed in this paper. The special topological characteristics of networks have been fully utilized to make the solution possible. Two developed matrices-the bus-injection branch-current matrix and bus-voltage matrix-and a simple multiplication are used obtain solutions. Due distinctive techniques method, time-consuming LU decomposition forward/backward substitution Jacobian or Y admittance required traditional...

A three-phase distribution system state estimation algorithm is proposed in this paper. The normal equation method used to compute the real-time states of systems modeled by their actual a-b-c phases. current based formulation introduced and compared with other formulations. Observability analysis for discussed. Test results indicate that applicable rectangular form suitable application.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

Utilizing battery storage systems (BSSs) can reduce the intermittent output of PV generation (PVGSs) and make them dispatchable. The aim this paper is to design an optimal charging/discharging scheduling for BSSs such that line loss distribution interconnected with sizeable PVGSs be minimized. A mathematical model which used simulate charging procedures as commonly-used constant current voltage (CC-CV) method, discharging state charge (SOC) proposed first. minimum problem considering then...

This paper uses a charging selection concept for plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) to maximize user convenience levels while meeting predefined circuit-level demand limits. The optimal PEV-charging problem requires an exhaustive search all possible combinations of PEVs in power system, which cannot be solved the practical number PEVs. Inspired by efficiency convex relaxation optimization tool finding close-to-optimal results huge spaces, this proposes application method solve problem....

Commercial lithium-ion batteries are playing important roles as supplies for mobile phones, laptop computers, and other electronics. In order to maximize the performance of batteries, an advanced rapid charging pattern is required. this paper, Ant-Colony-System (ACS)-based algorithm presented. The proposed ACS-based can be integrated into a commercially available battery tester search optimal pattern. Experimental results show that obtained capable 70% capacity in 30 min. also provides 25%...

The mathematical models of distributed generations (DGs) are integrated into three-phase distribution load flow program to analyse and simulate the penetrations DGs for systems. can utilise traditional energy sources such as oil coal or renewable wind, solar fuel cell use rotating generators converters transfer power grids. According characteristics output power, be specified constant factor model, voltage model variable reactive in analysis. These three all derived proposed method. Test...

A fast harmonic analysis method designed for three- phase radial distribution systems is proposed in this paper. The developed based on the exact three-phase component models, frequency-scan formulation, and a commonly used forward/backward sweep technique. backward to build relationship between branch currents bus current injections of system, then forward can use aforementioned calculate voltages. technique powerful has been widely system analysis; however, it cannot be directly....

Fault indicating devices such as fault indicators (FIs) have been widely used in distribution systems to improve reliability and reduce outage duration. Recently, FIs with communication interfaces are integrated into automation (DA) further fault-finding time by reporting FIs' statuses back control center. When faults occur, a lot of alarms information received from Outage Management System (OMS), Trouble Call (TCS) Customer Information (CIS) shown system operators. As result, the...

Many governments deploy ubiquitous IT project, which aims to combine the latest wireless network and wide-band technologies etc. accomplish a communication network. The can be utilized for Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI). Therefore, this paper tries use new design implement ZigBee-based smart power meter. An outage recording system is also designed embedded into microcontroller of Microchip dsPIC30F series used develop proposed A ZigBee then deigned integrated meter, transmit detailed...

In this paper, a cooperative agent algorithm, the ant colony system (ACS), for optimum switch relocation is proposed. Switch useful tool distribution automation, since it can reduce interruption costs without additional capital investments. The formulation of combinatorial optimization problem with nonlinear and nondifferential objective functions. authors choose ACS to solve has characteristics positive feedback, distributed computation, use constructive greedy heuristic. One main goals...

In this paper, a new fast decoupled state estimator with equality constraints is proposed for the three-phase distribution systems. The Lagrange multipliers were utilized to deal zero injections. method based on equivalent-current-measurement and rectangular coordinates. uses compact constant-symmetric gain matrix which can be into two "identical" sub-gain matrices. update factorization of needs done only once. Tests have shown that low-storage efficient, accurate robust in solving unbalanced

A fault occurring in power networks normally results a large short-circuit current flow the system, which may exceed rating of existing circuit breakers and can damage system equipments. Because difficulty network reinforcement interconnection more distributed generations, level has become serious problem transmission distribution operations. The utilisation limiters (FCLs) systems could provide an effective way to suppress currents. In loop or advantages would greatly depend on number...

The output power of photovoltaic generation (PVG) varies with solar irradiance and temperature nonlinearly. Therefore, the maximum point tracking (MPPT) is very important to operate PVG harvest energy in real time. perturbation observation (P&O) method one most commonly used MPPT methods. However, P&O suffers a tradeoff selecting step sizes control variables. This paper proposes parameter-estimation-based for PVG. Based on measured voltages currents characteristic function PVG, proposed uses...

A highly-linear branch-current-based state estimation model for a distribution system is proposed in this paper. This algorithm based on the concepts presented by Baran and Kelley (see IEE Trans. Power Systems, vol.10, no.1, p.483-91, 1995). novel approach to solve estimation. However, treatment of current magnitude measurements complicated gain matrix greatly degrades its value real-world applications. The paper substantially revised original method. new with constant decoupled form was...

Most electricity service interruptions are due to failures in the distribution network. In a competitive market, quality and reliability have become an essential part of business. order enhance system, value-based method is proposed this paper take load changes into account search for new locations feeder sectionalizers such that customer interruption costs (CIC) can be reduced. Two stages involved search. Using local information, first stage determines direction and, second stage, it...

Most electricity service interruptions are due to failures in the distribution network. In a competitive market, quality and reliability have become an essential part of business. order enhance system, value-based method is proposed this article take load changes into account search for new locations feeder sectionalizers such that customer interruption costs (CIC) can be reduced. Two stages involved search. Using local information, first stage determines direction, second stage, it decides...

This paper considers the use of phasor angle measurements provided by measurement units to identify multiple power line outages. The problem outage identification has traditionally been formulated as a combinatorial optimization problem, optimal solution which can be found through an exhaustive search. However, size search space grows exponentially with number outages and may thus pose potential for practical implementation search, especially when are considered in system. To reduce...

A fully decentralized controlled (FDC) electric vehicle (EV) charger, where its design is intended to mitigate the charging impact on power grids, proposed in this paper. The FDC EV charger uses parameters measured from grid, and battery pack adjust current. Fuzzy logic control used paper integrate these into charger. As can be realized without a centralized center information exchanges between chargers, an scheme for therefore effectively achieved. prototype of with rated 500 W implemented....

A novel and fast three-phase load flow algorithm for unbalanced radial distribution systems is proposed in this paper. The method uses branch voltages as state variables employs the Newton-Raphson (NR) to solve problem. By utilizing variables, a constant Jacobian matrix can be obtained, building then developed from observation of matrix. solution technique, which takes network structure into account avoid time-consuming lower upper triangular (LU) factorization, also developed. Since...

The values of distributed generators (DGs) are very dependent on their type, size and location as they installed in distribution feeders. In order to enhance the reliability obtain benefits for DG placement, a strategic placement method is proposed this paper. tries find best balance between costs placement. main aim optimal types corresponding locations sizes Test results have shown that with proper types, installation site selection, can be used improve service reliability, reduce customer...

Due to the integration of distributed generations and realization smart grids, most radial distribution systems would become weakly meshed in near future. Thus, this paper proposes an efficient accurate short-circuit fault-analysis method for unbalanced systems. Two proposed matrices developed from characteristics are used analyze variations bus voltages, bus-current injections, branch currents under fault conditions. Accordingly, some effective formulas derived effects different types on...

The use of phasor angle measurements provided by measurement units (PMUs) in fault detection is regarded as a promising method identifying locations power line outages. However, communication errors or system malfunctions may introduce to the and thus yield bad data. Most existing methods on outage identification fail consider such error. This paper develops framework for multiple outages based PMUs' presence In particular, we design an algorithm identify recover faulty simultaneously....