Self-assembled diblock copolymer thin films are used as sacrificial layers for the transfer of dense nanoscale patterns into more robust materials. We detail processes to achieve highly uniform nanoporous dielectric films, high-aspect-ratio nanotextured silicon, silicon nitride dot arrays, pillar and tip arrays. All techniques compatible with standard semiconductor fabrication processes. also discuss possible applications each resulting nanometer-scale structure, including high surface area...

Multiwalled nanotubes (MWNTs) were heat-treated with zinc (Zn) at various temperatures. Hereby, oxide (ZnO) was produced on the outermost shells of MWNTs in forms ultrathin films, quantum dots, or nanowires/nanorods. ZnO nanowires grown surface without presence a catalyst, suggesting vapor–liquid–solid mechanism is not applicable for current growth process. The average diameter prepared 600 °C about 30 nm and length up to 1.5 μm, yielding aspect ratios 7 50. nanorods 800 had diameters from...

We combine nanometer-scale polymer self assembly with advanced semiconductor microfabrication to produce metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) capacitors accumulation capacitance more than 400% higher planar devices of the same lateral area. The technique achieves this degree enhancement using only standard processing techniques, thereby obviating additional process complexity. These are suitable for use as on-chip power supply decoupling capacitors, particularly in high-performance...

Atm1p is an ABC transporter localized in the mitochondrial inner membrane; it functions to export unknown species into cytosol and involved cellular iron metabolism. Depletion or deletion of causes Fe accumulation mitochondria a defect cytosolic Fe/S cluster assembly but reportedly not assembly. In this study nature accumulated was examined using Mössbauer spectroscopy, EPR, electronic absorption X-ray electron microscopy. The that aerobically grown cells form iron(III) phosphate...

Yah1p, an [Fe2S2]-containing ferredoxin located in the matrix of Saccharomyces cerevisiae mitochondria, functions synthesis Fe/S clusters and heme a prosthetic groups. EPR, Mössbauer spectroscopy, electron microscopy were used to characterize Fe that accumulates Yah1p-depleted isolated intact mitochondria. Gal-YAH1 cells grown standard rich media (YPD YPGal) under O2 or argon atmospheres. Mitochondria anaerobically, then prepared as-isolated redox state, dithionite-treated O2-treated state....

Background/Objectives Upon irradiation with visible light, the photosensitizer-peptide conjugate eosin-(KLAKLAK)2 kills a broad spectrum of bacteria without damaging human cells. Eosin-(KLAKLAK)2 therefore represents an interesting lead compound for treatment local infection by photodynamic bacterial inactivation. The mechanisms cellular killing eosin-(KLAKLAK)2, however, remain unclear and this lack knowledge hampers development optimized therapeutic agents. Herein, we investigate...

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects computed tomographic (CT) parameters on metal artifact reduction in multidetector CT (MDCT) using a quantitative 3-dimensional (3D) measurement volume. Methods: A steel-based plate and screw were implanted femora 3 porcine thigh specimens. specimens examined 16-slice MDCT with 7 different combinations acquisition that consisted kilovolt (peak) (kV[p]) effective milliampere-seconds (mAs): 120 100; 300; 500; 1000; 140 500 under...

Wire- and belt-like single-crystalline titanium dioxide nanostructures were synthesized by using a simple thermal annealing method, which has often been avoided for the synthesis of metal oxide from high melting point metals such as Ti. The method requires neither reaction temperature nor complicated processes, can be used producing dense nanomaterials with relatively short time at temperatures much lower than dioxide. Key factors including choice eutectic catalyst, growth temperature,...

The study of the interaction hypervelocity nano-particles with a 2D material and ultra-thin targets (single layer graphene, multi-layer amorphous carbon foils) has been performed using mass selected gold produced from liquid metal ion source. During these impacts, large number atoms are ejected corresponding to hole ∼60 nm(2). Additionally, for first time, secondary ions have observed simultaneously in both transmission reflection direction (with respect path projectile) target. area is much...

Various types of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystais were synthesized by physical vaporization powders without the presence catalysts and a subsequent exposure to air at high temperature. These crystals found be composed ZnO nanowires, sheets, tetrapods. They observed crystallize as wurtzite single crystals. The nanowires are about 120 nm in diameter on average up few dozens micrometers length, making aspect ratios higher than 10. growth direction was identified [001] structure. It from...

We investigated the feasibility of producing high strength Al alloy sheets with solute contents using a twin roll strip caster equipped an asymmetric nozzle. The combination casting and nozzle used in this study reduced centreline segregation hot tear, thereby increasing speed. These features allowed dissolution more elements, suggesting potential development alloys range Mg up to 10 wt-%. workability mechanical properties cast strips were also evaluated assess superior present limit...

In this study the effect of electron irradiation on properties a nanosized area polystyrene was investigated at various doses by an electron-microscope−electron-spectroscopy system. Therefore, changes in electronic and chemical exposure were monitored from local areas conventional polymer using energy loss spectroscopy. Also, their spatial extension measured high angle annular dark field detector. From it found that nanoscale region can modify its structures dramatically irradiation, degree...

This study was carried out to apply chemical gas sensors for the identification of bad breath which is one important sensitive problem humans' daily life. Seven sensors, including five semiconductor and two electrochemical were tested three panels times in several conditions. The results showed that reproducibility generally good, better while sensitivity. No rinsing before measurement relatively terms both sensitivity reproducibility. Semiconductor hydrogen sulfide shows highest...

Children's fine motor skills are associated with enhanced drawing skills, as well improved creativity, self-regulation and school readiness. Assessing these enables parents teachers to target areas of improvement for their children, so that they better prepared learning achieving once enter school. Conventional approaches rely on psychology-based tracing tasks using pencil-and-paper performance metrics such timing accuracies. However, involve human experts manually score children's drawings...