Low-intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU) neuromodulation requires precise targeting and high resolution enabled by phased array transducers beamforming. However, focusing optimization usually relies on phantom measurements or simulations with inaccurate acoustic properties to degrade resolution. Therefore, this work analyzes the sensitivity of resolution, measured off-target activation area (OTAA), brain tissue sound speed. A Robust Optimal Resolution (ROR) beamforming method is proposed...

Due to abundant frequency resources, millimeter wave (mm-wave) spectrum has drawn much attention as a solution bandwidth scarcity. However, many characteristics of mm-wave transmissions, such blockage and reduced coverage, make conventional network architectures very inefficient for use in networks. A recently proposed multi-tier architecture allows relaying around blockages enlarges the coverage each base station at an acceptable deployment cost. Nevertheless, this introduces major...

What type of principle features intrinsic inside the fluctuated input signals could drive neurons with maximal excitations is one crucial neural coding issues. In this article, we examined both experimentally and theoretically cortical neuronal responsivity (including firing rate spike timing reliability) to different correlational statistics (e.g., white-type noise, showed 1/f0 power spectrum, pink noise 1/f, brown noises 1/f2) frequency ranges. Our results revealed that response...

Acoustic imaging has a wide range of real-world applications such as machine health monitoring. Conventionally, large microphone arrays are utilized to achieve useful spatial resolution in the process. The advent location-aware autonomous mobile robotic platforms opens up unique opportunity apply synthetic aperture techniques acoustic problem. By leveraging motion and location cues well some available prior information on source distribution, small moving array potential far beyond physical...

The neuromodulation effect of low-intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU) is highly target-specific. Unintended off-target neuronal excitation can be elicited when the beam focusing accuracy and resolution are limited, whereas resulted side has not been evaluated quantitatively. There also a lack methods addressing minimization such effects. Therefore, this work introduces computational model unintended during LIFU neuromodulation, which evaluates activation area (OTAA) by integrating an field...

Totally implanted venous access ports (TIVAPs), which are typically used in oncological chemotherapy and parenteral nutritional support, convenient safe, thus offer patients a higher quality of life. However, insertion or removal the device requires minor surgical operation. Long‑term complications (>30 days post insertion), such as catheter migration, catheter‑related thrombosis infection, major reasons for TIVAP associated with number factors body mass index hemoglobin count. Since...

Experiments have demonstrated that cortical and sensory neurons prefer to response signals with characteristics of long-term correlation or 1/f noise feature better than no like white-noise-type [1]. In order study the underlying mechanism, we built up a neuronal model [2] based on Hodgkin-Huxley theory correlations between neuron kinetics signal statistics. Interestingly, observed (see Figure 1a,b) (cutoff frequency >10000Hz) is hard induce action potentials unless very strong intensity...

Low-intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU) has been shown to modulate neural activity. Recent experiments suggest potential applications of LIFU stimulation for treating neuropsychiatric disorders like depression and Alzheimer's. The modulation effect is usually positively correlated with the intensity, there exists a minimum intensity threshold neuromodulation be effective. Therefore, precise configuring transducer required sonicate target brain region at desired appropriate spatial...

In fifth generation (5G) cellular systems with massive MIMO, coherent hybrid beamforming phased arrays can be used to achieve high gain low system complexity. Typically, require beam training between the base station (BS) and mobile users optimize coefficients, which causes extra overhead. For avoiding this overhead, long-term methods are considered design beams that do not frequently change serve a specific region over long period. A framework is hence necessary acquire user distribution...

Figure 1 (a) odor inputs 8OH, 5CHO and k7-1.(b) MC network response to 8OH for naïve training (left), prior (middle) k7-1 (right).(c) Network sparseness develops different sets of training.(d) Sparseness onset time S 1/2 vs. input signal correlation coefficient (corrcoef.).(e) Mean corrcoef between MCs within the corrcoef.(f) Response similarity (quantified by responses inputs) vs corrcoef.

The Dunhuang historical documents are of great significance to the study ancient Chinese Buddhist culture and other topics. It would greatly benefit protection with full-text information generated by document recognition technology. However, many from old broken, make it more challenging, style layout these casual as well. Traditional analysis algorithm failed pay much attention problems. In this paper, a new based on Probabilistic Graphical Model is proposed, including both rough...

There is a growing interest in estimating actual density ranges of Na+ channels the very thin axon, especially action potential (AP) initiation zone, i.e., axon initial segment (AIS, 20-50 microns away from cell body).Both immunostaining studies and patch-clamp recordings indicated relatively high AIS either pyramidal regular-spiking (RS) cells

Although recently eye-tracking method has been introduced into behavioral experiments based on dot-probe paradigm, some characteristics in data do not draw as much attention traditional like reaction time. It is also necessary to associate of images shown experiments. In this research, new variables, such fixation length, times and eye movement, were extracted from a experiment dot probe paradigm. They analyzed compared After the analysis positive negative scenery images, parameters hue...