Self-sorting organization of two AB-type heteroditopic monomers led to the formation linear supramolecular alternating copolymers driven by host−guest noncovalent interactions based on bis(p-phenylene)-34-crown-10/paraquat derivative and dibenzo-24-crown-8/dibenzylammonium salt recognition motifs as confirmed 1H NMR, cyclic voltammetry, dynamic light scattering, viscosity measurements, scanning electron microscopy.

Abstract Potassium 4,5‐bis(dinitromethyl)furoxanate was synthesized readily from cyanoacetic acid. It characterized by IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, NMR and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), the structure confirmed X‐ray single‐crystal diffraction. Its positive oxygen balance, high density (2.130 g cm −3 ), sensitivity (IS=2 J, FS=5 N), calculated heat of formation (−421.0 kJ mol −1 combined with its superior detonation performance ( D =7759.0 m s , P =27.3 GPa), make it a...

Abstract Environmentally acceptable alternatives to toxic lead‐based primary explosives are becoming increasingly important for energetic materials. In this study, potassium 4,4′‐bis(dinitromethyl)‐3,3′‐azofurazanate, comprising two dinitromethyl groups and an azofurazan moiety, was synthesized isolated as a new 3D metal–organic framework (MOF). Several attractive properties, including density of 2.039 g cm −3 , decomposition temperature 229 °C, detonation velocity 8138 m s −1 pressure 30.1...

The design and synthesis of novel energetic compounds with integrated properties high density, energy, good thermal stability sensitivities is particularly challenging due to the inherent contradiction between energy safety for compounds. In this study, a structure 4-amino-7,8-dinitropyrazolo-[5,1-d] [1,2,3,5]-tetrazine 2-oxide (BITE-101) designed synthesized in three steps. With help complementary advantages different explosophoric groups diverse weak interactions, BITE-101 superior...

Salts generated from linked 1,2,4-oxadiazole/1,2,5-oxadiazole precursors exhibit good to excellent thermal stability, density, and, in some cases, energetic performance. The design of these compounds was based on the assumption that by combination varying oxadiazole rings, it would be possible profit positive aspects each components. All new were fully characterized elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, (1)H, (13)C, and (in cases) (15)N NMR analysis (DSC). structures 2-3 5-1⋅5 H2O confirmed...

Nitroamino-functionalized 1,2,4-triazolo[4,3- b][1,2,4,5]tetrazine (1), when combined with intermolecular hydrogen bonds (HBs) and strong noncovalent interactions between layers, results, for example, in an interlayer distance of 2.9 Å dihydroxylammonium 3,6-dinitramino-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3- (2c) a packing coefficient 0.805. For 6,6'-dinitramino-3,3'-azo-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3- (3b), two fused rings are linked by azo group, which expands the conjugated system resulting even shorter 2.7 higher...

Nitrogen-rich heterocyclic compounds offer promising potential backbones for constructing various high energy density compounds. Selective diazotization of 3,5-diamino-4-nitropyrazole (1) with tert-butyl nitrite followed by treatment the sodium salt nitroacetonitrile gives rise to a fused pyrazolotriazine ring (5) surrounded amino and nitro groups. Compound 5, confirmed single-crystal X-ray diffraction, has remarkable thermal decomposition temperature 355 °C, 1.90 g cm–3, low impact friction...

Gem-trinitromethyl groups were introduced into a 1,3,4-oxadiazole ring to give the first example of bifunctionalized single five-membered with six nitro groups. 2,5-Bis(trinitromethyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (12) has high calculated crystal density 2.007 g cm-3 at 150 K (1.941 293 K) and very positive oxygen balance (39.12%), which makes it strong candidate as energy dense oxidizer. The dihydroxylammonium dihydrazinium salts bis(trinitromethyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (5 6) exhibit excellent detonation...

N-Trinitroethylamino energetic derivatives were obtained from carbon and nitrogen functionalization of nitropyrazoles nitrotriazoles. nitroazoles N-amino fully characterized by IR, multinuclear NMR spectra, elemental analyses. Compounds 10, 11 15 further confirmed single crystal X-ray structuring. N-Functionalized have moderate to excellent thermal stabilities with good densities. Data based on impact friction tests show these compounds range very sensitive insensitive. Theoretical...

A series of 3,5-dinitropyrazole derivatives was prepared from 4-chloro-3,5-dinitropyrazole in good yields and characterized by IR, 1H, 13C NMR (some cases 15N NMR) spectroscopy, elemental analysis, DSC. The structures 7 13 were confirmed single crystal X-ray diffraction. impact sensitivity determined using a standard BAM method, detonation properties obtained experimental densities calculated heats formation.

Using a variety of functionalization strategies, derivatives 4, 4'-bis(5-nitro-1,2,3-2H-triazole) were designed, synthesized, and characterized. The isomers separated, their structures confirmed with single-crystal X-ray analysis, properties determined by differential scanning calorimetry, density, impact sensitivity, heat formation, detonation velocity pressure (calculated EXPLO5 V6.01). Those materials found to exhibit superior performance when compared the other fully carbon-nitrated bis(azoles).

Atomically precise o-carboranealkynyl-protected clusters [Ag14(C4B10H11)12(CH3CN)2]·2NO3 (CBA-Ag) and [Cu6Ag8(C4B10H11)12Cl]NO3 (CBA-CuAg) have been found to exhibit hypergolic activity, such that they are capable of spontaneous ignition combustion upon contact with the white fuming nitric acid oxidizer. In particular, CBA-CuAg has a short delay time 15 ms, whereas o-carboranealkynyl ligand is hypergolically inert. Systematic investigation revealed metal cluster core catalyzed behavior inert...

A highly efficient strategy of two different types nitrogen-rich heterocyclic energetic compounds, featuring a single NH-bridge (–NH–) and fused ring, was demonstrated by virtue Dimroth rearrangement reactions.

The introduction of groups with high enthalpies formation can effectively improve the detonation performance compounds. A series novel energetic compounds (10-13) formation, density, and nitrogen-oxygen content were designed synthesized by combining gem-polynitromethyl, 1,2,4-oxadiazole, furoxan, azo groups. All new thoroughly characterized IR, NMR, elemental analysis, differential scanning calorimetry. Compounds 10 11 also further single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Compound has density (1.93...

ABSTRACT Biomass production represents a fundamental biological process of both ecological and agricultural significance. The genetic basis biomass is unknown but asssumed to be complex. We developed full sib, F 1 mapping population autotetraploid Medicago sativa (alfalfa) derived from an intersubspecific cross that was known produce heterosis for production. evaluated the over several years at three locations (Ames, IA, Nashua, Ithaca, NY) concurrently linkage map using restriction fragment...

Based on the backbone of furazan-tetrazole structure, routes were developed to improve properties energetic materials. Two types high-density salts designed, prepared, and fully characterized. Single-crystal X-ray analyses support structural characteristics for two amino salts. A majority exhibited good detonation properties, high thermal stabilities, relatively low impact friction sensitivities. Hydroxylammonium hydrazinium salts, 1-3 1-4, which have densities (1.84 1.74 g cm(-3,) ,...

Fused heterocycle-based salts consisting of pyrazole and 1,2,3-triazole were synthesized, characterized their energetic properties studied.

Using high-throughput single-molecule tracking, we studied the diffusion of poly(ethylene glycol) chains at interface between water and a hydrophobic surface patterned with an array hexagonally arranged nanopillars. Polymer molecules displayed anomalous diffusion; in particular, they exhibited intermittent motion (i.e., immobilization "hopping") suggestive continuous-time random walk (CTRW) behavior associated desorption-mediated diffusion. The statistics molecular trajectories changed...

3-Nitroamino-4-(5-amino-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)furazan monohydrate (<bold>2</bold>·H₂O), which is a combination of the nitroaminofurazan and 1,3,4-oxadiazole rings, was obtained by nitration 3-amino-4-(5-amino-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)furazan (<bold>1</bold>) with 100% nitric acid.

1,3-Dichloro-2-nitro-2-azapropane is an excellent precursor to dense energetic functionalized dipyrazolyl-N-nitromethanamines. This new family of compounds was fully characterized by using (1)H, (13)C, and (15)N NMR IR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, elemental analysis, impact sensitivity tests. Additionally, single-crystal X-ray structuring done for 3 5·CH3CN, which gave insight into structural characteristics. The experimentally determined densities 2-9 fall between 1.69...

Dinitraminobisfuroxans and their salts were synthesized; detonation performances improved with the presence of <italic>N</italic>-oxide functionality making them competitive high energy materials.

A new series of trifuroxans were designed and synthesized. The large numbers N-oxide bonds in the molecules contribute to boost their energetic performances.

A new series of 4-nitramino-3-(5-dinitromethyl-1,2,4-oxadiazolyl)-furazan-based energetic compounds which are competitive with HMX was synthesized in four steps an overall yield ∼50% by using a straightforward method.