A5031921634- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Liver physiology and pathology
- Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
- PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in cancer
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
- Protein Kinase Regulation and GTPase Signaling
- Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
- Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Cytokine Signaling Pathways and Interactions
- Cancer, Lipids, and Metabolism
- Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Cancer-related Molecular Pathways
- HER2/EGFR in Cancer Research
- Muscle activation and electromyography studies
- Sphingolipid Metabolism and Signaling
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
University of Oslo
2016-2025
Oslo University Hospital
2013-2016
Background and Aims Physical exercise leads to substantial adaptive responses in skeletal muscles plays a central role healthy life style. Since induces major systemic responses, underlying cellular mechanisms are difficult study vivo. It was therefore desirable develop an vitro model that would resemble training cultured human myotubes. Methods Electrical pulse stimulation (EPS) applied adherent Cellular contents of ATP, phosphocreatine (PCr) lactate were determined. Glucose oleic acid...
PPARα is one of three members the soluble nuclear receptor family called peroxisome proliferator-activated (PPAR). It a sensor for changes in levels fatty acids and their derivatives that responds to ligand binding with PPAR target gene transcription, inasmuch as it can influence physiological homeostasis, including lipid carbohydrate metabolism various tissues. In this paper we summarize involvement metabolically active tissues liver skeletal muscle provide an overview risks benefits...
This study was conducted to evaluate the chronic effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on fatty and glucose metabolism in human skeletal muscle cells. Uptake [14C]oleate increased >2-fold after preincubation myotubes with 0.6 mM EPA for 24 h, incorporation into various lipid classes showed that cellular triacylgycerol (TAG) phospholipids were 2- 3-fold compared control After exposure oleic (OA), TAG 2-fold. Insulin (100 nM) further all EPA-treated myotubes. Fatty beta-oxidation unchanged,...
Liver X receptors (LXRs) are important regulators of cholesterol and lipid metabolism also involved in glucose metabolism. However, the functional role LXRs human skeletal muscle is at present unknown. This study demonstrates that chronic ligand activation by a synthetic LXR agonist increases uptake, distribution into complex cellular lipids, oxidation palmitate as well uptake cultured cells. Furthermore, effect was additive to acute effects insulin on Consistently, induced expression...
The aim of the present study was to examine whether pretreatment with different fatty acids, as well liver X receptor (LXR) agonist T0901317, could modify metabolic switching human myotubes. n-3 FA eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) increased suppressibility, ability glucose suppress oxidation. Substrate-regulated flexibility, increase oxidation when changing from a high glucose, low condition ("fed") acid, ("fasted") condition, by EPA and other FAs. Adaptability, capacity increasing availability,...
Objective Disturbances in lipid metabolism are strongly associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D). We hypothesized that activation of cAMP/PKA calcium signaling pathways cultured human myotubes would provide further insight into regulation storage, lipolysis, oxidation responsiveness. Methods Human myoblasts were isolated from vastus lateralis, purified, differentiated myotubes. All cells incubated palmitate during differentiation. Treatment pulsed 1 hour each day...
Cultured human myotubes have a low mitochondrial oxidative potential. This study aims to remodel energy metabolism in by replacing glucose with galactose during growth and differentiation ultimately examine the consequences for fatty acid metabolism. Exposure showed an increased [14C]oleic oxidation, whereas cellular uptake of oleic was unchanged. On other hand, both oxidation [14C]glucose exposed galactose. In presence uncoupler carbonylcyanide p-trifluormethoxy-phenylhydrazone (FCCP)...
Physical activity has preventive as well therapeutic benefits for overweight subjects. In this study we aimed to examine effects of in vivo exercise on vitro metabolic adaptations by studying energy metabolism cultured myotubes isolated from biopsies taken before and after 12 weeks extensive endurance strength training, healthy sedentary normal weight men.Healthy men, aged 40-62 years, with (body mass index (BMI) < 25 kg/m2) or (BMI ≥ were included. Fatty acid glucose studied using...
Lipid droplet (LD) coating proteins are essential for the formation and stability of intracellular LDs. Plin2 is an abundant LD protein in skeletal muscle, but its importance muscle function unclear. We show that myotubes established from Plin2−/− mice contain reduced content LDs accumulate less oleic acid (OA) triacylglycerol (TAG) due to elevated hydrolysis comparison with Plin2+/+ myotubes. The ability store TAG accompanied by a shift energy metabolism. characterized increased oxidation...
Wingless-type (Wnt) inducible signalling pathway protein-1 (WISP1) has been recently identified as a proinflammatory adipokine. We examined whether WISP1 expression and circulating levels are altered in type 2 diabetes affects insulin muscle cells hepatocytes. Serum visceral adipose tissue (VAT) biopsies, for analysis of by ELISA mRNA real-time quantitative RT-PCR, were collected from normal-weight men (control group, n = 33) obese with (n 46) without 56) undergoing surgery. Following...
We investigated the effects of PGC-1 α (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1 ) overexpression on oxidative capacity human skeletal muscle cells ex vivo . increased oxidation rate palmitic acid and mRNA expression genes regulating lipid metabolism, mitochondrial biogenesis, function in myotubes. Basal insulin-stimulated deoxyglucose uptake were decreased, possibly due to upregulation PDK4 mRNA. Expression fast fiber-type gene marker (MHCIIa) was decreased. Compared ,...
Exercise improves insulin sensitivity and oxidative capacity in skeletal muscles. However, the effect of exercise on substrate oxidation is less clear obese type 2 diabetic subjects than lean subjects. We investigated glucose lipid metabolism gene expression after 48 h with low-frequency electrical pulse stimulation (EPS), as an vitro model exercise, cultured myotubes established from nondiabetic severely (BMI ≥ 40 kg/m ) without diabetes. EPS induced increase but did not improve Thus,...
Introduction: Skeletal muscle is a major contributor to whole-body energy homeostasis and the utilization of fatty acids glucose. At present, 2D cell models have been most used cellular study skeletal metabolism. However, transferability results in vivo might be limited. This project aimed develop characterize 3D model (myospheres) as an easy low-cost tool molecular mechanisms Methods results: We demonstrated that human primary myoblasts form myospheres without external matrix support carry...
Abstract Background Skeletal muscle adapts in reaction to contractile activity efficiently utilize energy substrates, primarily glucose and free fatty acids (FA). Inactivity leads atrophy a change utilization individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). The present study aimed characterize possible inactivity‐related differences the metabolism between skeletal cells cultured from satellite isolated 1‐ 12‐months post‐SCI. Methods To disturbances injury, we studied SCI subjects. Cell cultures...
The epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor mediates the effects of both EGF and transforming α (TGFα). Recent data suggested that acts as a partial agonist/antagonist in hepatocytes, TGFα exerting larger maximal stimulation DNA synthesis than EGF. To further study mechanisms involved mediating different TGFα, we have examined binding two factors their action on p42/p44 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase activity hepatocytes. Single-ligand concentration curves competition experiments...
Abstract Previous data obtained in vivo and vitro suggest that both prostaglandins (PGs) catecholamines may have a role promoting hepatocyte proliferation, PGE 2 PGFF 2α also been implicated as mediators of the mitogenic actions epidermal growth factor (EGF) (and transforming alpha [TGFα]). We studied effects PGs norepinephrine on DNA synthesis serum‐free primary cultures rat hepatocytes, compared PG with those norepinephrine. , PGF PGD synthetic analog dimethyl‐PGE markedly enhanced...
Abstract Prostaglandins (PGs) such as PGE 2 enhance proliferation in many cells, apparently through several distinct mechanisms, including transactivation of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR) well EGFR‐independent pathways. In this study we found that primary cultures rat hepatocytes did not induce phosphorylation EGFR, and EGFR tyrosine kinase blockers gefitinib AG1478 affect ‐stimulated ERK1/2. contrast, elicited inhibitor‐sensitive ERK MH 1 C hepatoma cells. These findings...
Myokines released by skeletal muscle in response to contraction may contribute the health-promoting effects of exercise. Previous studies with cultured rodent and human myotubes have revealed highly complex patterns myokine secretion. However, commonalities differences secretory different cell models not been explored, limiting interpretation these results. In present study, we performed a comprehensive analysis contraction-regulated secretomes using most commonly used models, murine C2C12...