A5007260389- Gut microbiota and health
- Drug Transport and Resistance Mechanisms
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Disease
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies
- Biofuel production and bioconversion
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
- Dermatology and Skin Diseases
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Inflammasome and immune disorders
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- interferon and immune responses
- Biochemical and Molecular Research
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Catalysis for Biomass Conversion
- Cancer-related Molecular Pathways
- Cytokine Signaling Pathways and Interactions
- Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor
- Psoriasis: Treatment and Pathogenesis
- Advanced Cellulose Research Studies
- IL-33, ST2, and ILC Pathways
AbbVie (United States)
2015-2025
University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School
2018-2024
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
2010-2013
Studies of the intestinal microbiome and AD have demonstrated associations with composition at genus level among matched cohorts. We move this body literature forward by more deeply investigating via metagenomics comparing patients against those without dementia other types. also exploit machine learning approaches that combine both metagenomic clinical data. Finally, our functional studies using stool samples from elders demonstrate how c can affect health dysregulation P-glycoprotein...
Effective pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass is vital to its bioconversion a usable liquid fuel. A growing body work has focused on using room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) pretreat lignocellulose for subsequent fermentation. However, little known about the physicochemical parameters RTILs that promote effective pretreatment. In this we examine relationship between Kamlet–Taft α, β, and π* solvent polarity different ([Emim][OAc], [Bmim][OAc], [Bmim][MeSO4]) biomass. We find β...
Abstract Background P-glycoprotein (P-gp) plays a critical role in protection of the intestinal epithelia by mediating efflux drugs/xenobiotics from mucosa into gut lumen. Recent studies bring to light that P-gp also confers link communication between mucosal barrier function and innate immune system. Yet, despite knowledge for over 10 years central gastrointestinal homeostasis, precise molecular mechanism controls its functional expression regulation remains unclear. Here, we assessed how...
Epithelial cells lining mucosal surfaces of the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts uniquely express ERN2/IRE1β, a paralogue most evolutionarily conserved endoplasmic reticulum stress sensor, ERN1/IRE1α. How ERN2 functions at host-environment interface why second evolved remain incompletely understood. Using conventionally raised germ-free Ern2-/- mice, we found that was required for microbiota-induced goblet cell maturation mucus barrier assembly in colon. This occurred only after...
Neutrophil influx into the intestinal lumen is a critical response to infectious agents, but also associated with severe damage observed in idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease. The chemoattractant hepoxilin A3, an eicosanoid secreted from epithelial cells by apically restricted efflux pump multidrug resistance protein 2 (MRP2), mediates this neutrophil influx. Information about possible counterbalance pathway that could signal lack of or resolution apical signal, however, has yet be...
T-helper 17 (Th17) cells produce homodimeric IL17A/A and IL17F/F cytokines as well the heterodimeric IL17A/F isoform, all having known roles in defense against extracellular pathogens including fungal infection. Antibodies targeting IL17A (such secukinumab ixekizumab) have been approved to treat psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, axial spondyloarthritis are under further investigation therapies inflammatory disorders such hidradenitis suppurativa giant cell arteritis....
The role of microbes and their metabolites in modulating tuft cell (TC) dynamics the large intestine relevance this pathway to infections is unknown. Here, we uncover that microbiome-driven colonic TC hyperplasia protects against Clostridioides difficile infection. Using selective antibiotics, demonstrate increased type 2 cytokines colon but not ileum. We causal microbiome phenotype using fecal matter transplantation administration consortia succinate-producing bacteria. Administration...
In vitro analysis of covalent inhibitors requires special consideration, due to the time-dependent and typically irreversible nature their target interaction. While many analyses are reported for characterization a final candidate, it is less clear which most useful in lead optimization phase drug discovery. context identifying Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK), we evaluated multiple techniques characterizing inhibitors. Several methods qualitatively support mechanism action or particular...
Preventing aberrant inflammation is essential to maintaining homeostasis in the mammalian intestine. Although P-glycoprotein (P-gp) expression intestine critical for protecting intestinal epithelium from toxins and damage due neutrophil infiltration, its regulation poorly understood.
Metabolic byproducts of the intestinal microbiota are crucial in maintaining host immune tone and shaping inter-species ecological dynamics. Among these metabolites, succinate is a driver tuft cell (TC) differentiation consequent type 2 immunity-dependent protection against invading parasites small intestine. Succinate also growth enhancer nosocomial pathogen Clostridioides difficile large To date, no research has shown role modulating TC dynamics intestine, or relevance this pathway to C....
This Teaching Resource provides and describes a two-part classroom exercise to help students understand control of the cell cycle, with focus on transcription factor p53, E3 ubiquitin ligase Mdm2, Mdm2 inhibitor ARF, kinases ATM ATR, kinase Chk2, cycle p21(Cip1). Students use characters scenes from movie The Dark Knight represent elements machinery, then they apply these translate primary research article p53 function into new scene in "Batman universe." is appropriate for college-level...
Multi-drug resistance transporters are highly conserved proteins present in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms. They responsible for controlling physiologic efflux of toxins or xenobiotics from the cell as a form protection which may also render cells resistant to therapeutics. However, researchers have recently identified endogenous substrates these that modulate inflammation addition overall organ function. While changes expression been implicated some human diseases, it is becoming...
ABSTRACT Epithelial cells lining mucosal surfaces of the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts uniquely express IRE1β ( Ern2 ), a paralogue most evolutionarily conserved endoplasmic reticulum stress sensor IRE1α. How functions at host-environment interface why second IRE1 evolved remain incompletely understood. Using conventionally raised germ-free -/- mice, we found that was required for microbiota-induced goblet cell maturation mucus barrier assembly in colon. This occurred only after...
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a devastating chronic disease characterized by aberrant colonic inflammation and intestinal dysbiosis. The pathognomonic ulceration as well epithelial damage driven excess luminal infiltration activation of neutrophils. Recently our group discovered system lipid mediators regulating transmigration neutrophils from the lamina propria across barrier. During homeostasis multidrug resistance efflux pump p-glycoprotien (P-gp) maintains gradient endocannabinoids, which...