With the consideration of photon recycling effect, efficiency limit methylammonium lead iodide (CH3NH3PbI3) perovskite solar cells is predicted by a detailed balance model. To obtain convincing predictions, both AM 1.5 spectrum Sun and experimentally measured complex refractive index material are employed in The roles light trapping angular restriction improving maximal output power thin-film also clarified. (without restriction) about 31%, which approaches to Shockley-Queisser (33%)...

Solar cells incorporating lead halide-based perovskite absorbers can exhibit impressive power conversion efficiencies (PCEs), recently surpassing 15%. Despite rapid developments, achieving precise control over the morphologies of films (minimizing pore formation) and enhanced stability reproducibility devices remain challenging, both which are necessary for further advancements. Here we demonstrate vacuum-assisted thermal annealing as an effective means controlling composition morphology...

A simple off-the-shelf post-device ligand treatment is developed to simultaneously improve the performance and air stability of perovskite solar cells, as well repair as-prepared ‘poor devices’ for first time.

Abstract Solar fuel synthesis is intriguing because solar energy abundant and this method compensates for its intermittency. However, most photocatalysts can only absorb UV‐to‐visible light, while near‐infrared (NIR) light remains unexploited. Surprisingly, the charge transfer between ZnO CuInS 2 quantum dots (QDs) transform a NIR‐inactive into NIR‐active composite. This strong response attributed to increased concentration of free carriers in p‐type semiconductor at interface after...

It is widely accepted that surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) enhancement results from a combination of electromagnetic mechanisms (EM) and chemical (CM). Recently, the nanoparticle‐film gap (NFG) system was studied due to its strong local field. However, there are still some technical limitations in establishing effective simple ways for reliable precise control sub‐nanospacer. In addition, works on designing nanospacer NFG efficient interaction with target molecules further improving...

Recently, metal nanowires have received great research interests due to their potential as next-generation flexible transparent electrodes. While efforts been devoted develop enabling nanowire electrodes, reduced contact resistance of the and improved electrical stability under continuous bias operation are key issues for practical applications. Here, we propose demonstrate an approach through a low-cost, robust, room temperature atmosphere process fabricate conductive silver nano-network...

While indirectly patterned organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite nanostructures have been extensively studied for use in optoelectronic devices, it is still challenging to directly pattern thin films because very sensitive polar solvents and high‐temperature environments. Here, a simple low‐cost approach proposed solid‐state into periodic nanostructures. The basically recrystallization through phase transformation with the presence of mold on an as‐prepared film. Interestingly, this study...

An HKUST-1@Ag-based SERS chip is fabricated by an <italic>in situ</italic> electrodeposition method and used for on-site detection of PAHs in environmental samples.

Abstract The design of transition‐metal chalcogenides (TMCs) photocatalysts for water splitting is highly important, in which both light absorption and interfacial engineering play vital roles photoexcited electron generation, transport, ultimately speeding up splitting. To this end, plasmonic metal nanomaterials with surface plasmon resonances are promising candidates. However, it very difficult to enhance the manage simultaneously, thus, resulting suboptimal photocatalytic performance....

Abstract Undesired photoelectronic dormancy through active species decay is adverse to photoactivity enhancement. An insufficient extrinsic driving force leads ultrafast deep charge trapping and photoactive depopulation in carbon nitride (g‐C 3 N 4 ). Excitation of shallow g‐C with long‐lived excited states opens up the possibility pursuing high‐efficiency photocatalysis. Herein, a near‐field‐assisted model constructed consisting an In 2 O ‐cube/g‐C heterojunction associated photodynamic...

Simultaneously achieving high efficiency, long-term stability, and robust fabrication with good reproducibility in perovskite solar cells (PVSCs) is essential for their practical applications. Herein, we first demonstrate a thick TiO2 backbone film directly on top of through simple room-temperature solution process. Through the strategy decorating fullerene passivating traps filling voids, achieve fullerene-decorated electron transport layer (ETL) inverted PVSCs. Because suppressed...

Abstract While there are very limited studies of doped ternary metal oxide based hole transport materials, a multifunctional synthesis approach In CuCrO 2 nanoparticles (NPs) as efficient layers (HTLs) including simplifying the requirements is proposed, enabling doping and achievement treatment‐free HTLs. Remarkably, compared with conventional methods for synthesizing NPs, newly proposed azeotropic promoted dramatically reduces reaction time by 90% calcination temperature one‐third, which...

Abstract 2D Ruddlesden–Popper perovskites are highly regarded materials for improving the stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Wherein, self‐additive have recently been proposed to provide substantial strategies managing crystallization kinetics and bulk defects. For a profound understanding formation mechanisms, herein, with selecting three as demonstrations, comprehensive analysis behavior combing experimental theoretical calculations is conducted. Self‐additive exhibit more...

While operational stability has evolved to be the primary issue for practical applications of perovskite solar cells (PSCs), understanding origins device degradation is still limited. Hysteresis known as a unique and significant feature PSCs. The hysteresis behavior current density-voltage (J-V) curves, governed by interaction between evolving ion-induced electric field carrier transport/recombination, offers rich important information about physical properties device. Herein, we propose...

Organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices, which can directly convert absorbed sunlight to electricity, are stacked thin films of tens hundreds nanometers. They have emerged as a promising candidate for affordable, clean, and renewable energy. In the past few years, rapid increase has been seen in power conversion efficiency OPV devices toward 10% above, through comprehensive optimizations via novel photoactive donor acceptor materials, control thin-film morphology on nanoscale, device structure...

The plasmon-optical effects have been utilized to optically enhance active layer absorption in organic solar cells (OSCs). exploited plasmonic resonances of metal nanomaterials are typically from the fundamental dipole/high-order modes with narrow spectral widths for regional OSC improvement. conventional broadband enhancement (using effects) needs linear-superposition resonances. In this work, through strategic incorporation gold nanostars (Au NSs) between hole transport (HTL) and layer,...

Drift-diffusion model is an indispensable modeling tool to understand the carrier dynamics (transport, recombination, and collection) simulate practical-efficiency of solar cells (SCs) through taking into account various recombination losses existing in multilayered device structures. Exploring way predict approach SC efficiency limit by using drift-diffusion will enable us gain more physical insights design guidelines for emerging photovoltaics, particularly perovskite cells. Our work finds...

Broadband absorption enhancement in metal nanomaterials for high‐performance organic solar cells (OSCs) is highly desirable the plasmonic‐enhanced OSCs. Here, a new dual plasmonic device proposed by strategically designing structures and managing two types of (e.g., grating nanoparticles (NPs)) one to achieve broadband with better reproducibility, including (a) selecting Ag 600 nm period as an anode, (b) introducing NPs into electron transport layer (not active layer), (c) adopting ZnO TiO 2...

A simple, low-cost, all-copper sandwich system has been obtained through directly depositing Cu nanoparticles (NPs) onto a graphene sheet, which already grown on foil (Cu-NGF). The new design inherits two key advantages: (1) the materials of NGF coupling are composed only cheaper instead Au and Ag, (2) direct fabrication without transferring will greatly lower cost. More importantly, Cu-NFG shows high sensitivity in surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) with highest enhancement factor...

A modified detailed balance model is built to understand and quantify efficiency loss of perovskite solar cells. The captures the light-absorption dependent short-circuit current, contact transport-layer carrier transport, as well recombination photon-recycling influenced open-circuit voltage. Our theoretical experimental results show that for experimentally optimized cells with power conversion 19%, optical 25%, non-radiative 35%, ohmic 35% are three dominant factors approaching 31% limit...

In this letter, a 2 × low-profile broadband triple-mode orbital angular momentum (OAM) array antenna is presented, which can be dynamically controlled with electrostatic method. The element consists of 4 metasurface array, 90° phase-shifting reconfigurable feed network (RFN), and square driven patch two switchable feeding ports (SWPs). With the computer-assisted micro-controller unit, p-i-n diodes direct current (dc) bias voltage on RFN, SWPs, OAM modes then switched between l = +1, -1, 0....