New particle formation (NPF) occurs in various atmospheric environments, and these newly formed particles have the potential to grow cloud condensation nuclei. But at present it is unclear which chemical species are involved aerosol nucleation growth, part because there only a limited number of simultaneous measurements precursors size distributions. Observations ambient distributions, sulfuric acid, ammonia were made for over year Kent, Ohio, relatively less polluted continental...

Abstract. The denudation history of active orogens is often interpreted in the context modern climate gradients. Here we address validity this approach and ask what are spatial temporal variations palaeoclimate for a latitudinally diverse range orogens? We do using high-resolution (T159, ca. 80 × km at Equator) simulations from ECHAM5 global atmospheric general circulation model statistical cluster analysis over different (Andes, Himalayas, SE Alaska, Pacific NW USA). Time periods boundary...

Abstract. The K-means machine learning algorithm is applied to climatological data of seven aerosol properties from a global simulation using EMAC-MADE3. aim partition the across atmosphere in specific regimes; this done mainly for evaluation purposes. an unsupervised method with advantage that priori definition classes not required. Using K-means, we are able quantitatively define regimes, so-called clusters, and explain their internal location extension. This analysis shows regimes lower...

Positions of particles' centers gravity and folding were analyzed for individual dust particles in snow on a high mountain Japan. Bias was observed: L1 (the longest distance from the center to boundary particles) is 5% (of L1, average) longer than L2 (1/2 axis particles), suggesting that preferential orientation exists settling heavy side down. Applying Ginoux's model, velocity ellipsoids with Reynolds numbers lower 2 estimated. The results show that, long‐range transport particles,...

The number-size distribution and shape factors of water-insoluble particles (WIP) in four dirty snow layers the spring 2001 at Mt. Tateyama, Japan, were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, optical microscopy with a digital camera. Results show that median aspect ratio (ratio longest dimension b to orthogonal width a; b/a) WIP varied within 1.22-1.31. Only few an more than 2.5 observed. circularity factor (4πS/l2; S is projection area, l periphery length) from 0.83-0.97.Combined...

Abstract Variations in oxygen isotope compositions (δ 18 O) provide insight into modern climate and past changes topography. In addition, regions such as Tibet, geologic archives of ratios record change driven by plateau uplift therefore also information about the surface history. A good understanding modern‐day controls on δ O is crucial for interpreting this context. We use ECHAM5‐wiso global atmospheric general circulation model to calculate precipitation p ) present‐day climate. region...

Abstract Variations in oxygen isotope ratios (δ 18 O) measured from modern precipitation and geologic archives provide a promising tool for understanding past climate dynamics tracking elevation changes over time. In areas of extreme topography, such as the Tibetan Plateau, interpretation δ O has proven challenging. This study investigates controls on temporal (daily 6 h intervals) spatial variations present‐day p ) across Plateau using 30 year record produced European Centre/Hamburg...

Abstract In this study, we investigate the technical application of regularized regression method Lasso for identifying systematic biases in decadal precipitation predictions from a high-resolution regional climate model (CCLM) Europe. The approach is quite novel climatological research. We apply to observed and large number predictors related derived training simulation, transfer trained virtual forecast simulation testing. Derived include local at given grid box EOF that describe...

Abstract. Aerosols play an important role in the Earth system, but their impact on cloud properties and resulting radiative forcing of climate remains highly uncertain. The large temporal spatial variability a number aerosols choice different ‘pre-industrial’ reference years prevent concise understanding basic underlying patterns trends impacts clouds radiation. In this study, we characterize long-term evolution lower tropospheric (in terms regimes) by clustering multiple aerosol from...

As a severe weather phenomenon, thunderstorms can cause casualties and economic loss to the human society. A reliable forecast of these events would help avoid or at least mitigate this damage. To date, forecasting however is still challenge, especially for lead times one hour beyond. In study we present methodology deep-convection several hours time: Cb-Fusion estimates likelihood thunderstorm occurrence up 6 in advance over part Central Europe, using data fusion technique that blends...

Abstract. Aerosols play an important role in the Earth system, but their impact on cloud properties and resulting radiative forcing of climate remains highly uncertain. The large temporal spatial variability a number aerosol choice different “preindustrial” reference years prevent concise understanding impacts clouds radiation. In this study, we characterize patterns long-term evolution lower tropospheric aerosols (in terms regimes) by clustering multiple instead single from preindustrial...

Abstract. The denudation history of active orogens is often interpreted in the context modern climate and vegetation gradients. Here we address validity this approach ask question: what are spatial temporal variations paleo-climate for a latitudinally diverse range orogens? We do using high-resolution (T159, ca. 80 × km at equator) simulations from ECHAM5 global Atmospheric General Circulation Model statistical cluster analysis over different (Andes, Himalaya, SE Alaska, Pacific NW USA)....

Abstract. Assessing paleo-climatic changes across the Tibetan Plateau and underlying driving mechanisms provides insights for natural variability in Earth's climate system response to tectonic processes global change. In this study, we use a high-resolution regional model investigate various episodes of distinct states over region during Cenozoic rise Quaternary glacial/interglacial cycles. The main objective is compare Miocene-Pliocene uplift period with anomalies last glacial maximum...