Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is a vegetable crop with global production of approximately 87 million tons in 2021, according to FAO data. It also an important species cultivated both greenhouses and open fields Serbia. One the most devastating diseases affecting cucumbers Fusarium wilt, caused by oxysporum. Infected older plants may exhibit yellowing starting from oldest leaves, stunted growth, or wilting. Affected can develop lesions on lower stem. The fungus infects vascular system,...

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is economically the most important forage crop in Serbia. In July 2009, alfalfa plants showed symptoms characteristic of anthracnose disease ("shepherd's crook") including wilting and death upper portion stems. Anthracnose has been reported to be caused by Colletotrichum trifolii or C. destructivum (2). with were collected Srpska Crnja, South Banat District, Infected tissue samples surface disinfected 5% sodium hypochlorite for 2 min washed three times 5 sterile...

In autumn 2015, hazelnut plants with leaf blight symptoms were noticed in a commercial plantation the Province of Vojvodina, Serbia. Symptomatic samples collected and submitted to laboratory analysis. Based on morphological characterization, fungus isolated from material was initially identified as Pestalotiopsis sp. Pathogenicity tests showed that two selected isolates infected leaves fruits developed after artificial inoculation. The pathogen re-isolated diseased fruits, confirming Koch’s...

Sensitivity of 24 isolates Colletotrichum destructivum O'Gara, collected from alfalfa plants in Serbia, to eight selected fungicides, was investigated this study. Molecular identification and pathogenicity test tested were also performed. Fungicide sensitivity evaluated vitro, using mycelial growth assay method. All exhibited significant pathogenicity, causing necrosis at the seedling root tips two days after inoculation. Using primer pair GSF1-SR1 by comparing amplified fragments with...

In the period from late May 2004 to 2010, grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) between 11 and 22 years old was observed for incidence of symptoms shortened shoots zigzag internodes, with tiny, chlorotic leaves, torn bended edges, necrosis along edges leaves dead internervous tissue. These are conspicuous especially when vine is in F phases development. Later, course vegetation, dying infected branches or covering by a new foliage mass perceived. Foliar initially confined one arm vines; however, as...

Colletotrichum trifolii is a fungal pathogen responsible for anthracnose disease in alfalfa. The isolates of C. were obtained from diseased alfalfa stems collected field Serbia. It was determined by pathogenicity examination that four (Luc-7, Luc-17, Luc-27, Luc-33) can cause stem lesions on inoculated plant. Our compared using reference (CBS 158.83). Isolates MA and CDA developed olive green to grey colonies with white margin, while the substrate got dark color. Conidiophores hyaline,...

NDF is a good indicator of fiber content in forages, but on the other hand digestibility gives more accurate estimates total igestible nutrients. The aim this study was to evaluate two red clover cultivars for and DM depending stage development – mid bud stage, early bloom bloom, harvesting three different cuts. Results showed that lignin increased with plant maturation all highest determined third cut ranged from 5.87 5.92% 5.56 6.53% K 39 32 cultivars. Intensive lignifications cell wall...

Grapevine, a significant fruit crop globally, is host of various viruses that negatively affect yield, plant vigor, and quality. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR) offers the ability to detect numerous simultaneously. Our study aimed evaluate effectiveness mRT-PCR for detection nine grapevine in Serbia, including: fanleaf virus, leafroll-associated 1, 2, 3, rupestris stem pitting associated virus A, B, fleck arabis mosaic virus. This confirms as an efficient method simultaneous...

What often happens that weeds are not controlled after harvesting the cultivated crop. Thus, they continue to grow unhindered on agricultural land, becoming dangerous hosts for a large number of plant diseases and sources constant infection. So far, there have been no systematic studies mycopopulation weed seeds in Serbia. In this paper, we present results preliminary research. Weed samples were collected during summer autumn vegetation 2023. Isolation was performed using standard...

Analysis of the weed flora in vegetable gardens village Trmčare (Kruševac municipality) revealed presence a total 44 species [23 weed, 19 weed-ruderal, 1 ruderal and meadows pastures]. The recorded is dominated by representatives class Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons, broad-leaved weeds) with 38 species, while only six are present from Liliopsida (monocotyledons, grass weeds). analysis life forms weeds shows dominance therophytes (70.45%), compared to geophytes (13.64%). Meanwhile,...

Alfalfa is one of the most important perennial fodder crops, and it also economical. provides first class that suitable for feeding all livestock, especially ruminants. Grass broadleaf weeds are a serious threat to quality viability alfalfa stands. Weeds can reduce nutritional value crop cause significant reductions in yield, as they compete aggressively water, nutrients, sunlight, space. In this study, herbicides (Butoxone DB, Agil, Basagran, Corum, Fusilade forte, Pulsar Focus ultra) were...

The species Eutypa lata is one of the most critical phytopathogenic fungi that presents a threat to vineyards by causing significant economic damage. This grapevine disease hazardous because there no adequate chemical protection, so after its progression, decrease in yield and dieback parts or whole infected shoots. There are also cultivars resistant this disease. For these reasons, paper, testing susceptibility pair was carried out. performed under semicontrolled conditions included six...

Alfalfa is one of the most significant forage crops in Serbia, and known colloquially as ?the queen crops? due its role livestock nutrition. Production high quality seed importance for animal husbandry Serbia. Fungi infections decrease which has influence on yield period alfalfa utilization. Samples from Middle Banat, Danube region, Nis Sumadija area were examined. taken two cultivars K-22 K-28. Based examinations appearance fungi seed, following determined: Fusarium spp., Alternaria...

The paper presents the results of cleaning process five different lots natural alfalfa seeds and red clover seeds. Natural had 75 % to 77 purity. experiment was performed in seed processing center Institute for Forage Crops Kruševac. Seed is on machines that work principle differences physical properties Significant parameters define quality after equipment are amount pure seed, weed other crops, inert matter, processed losses output. obtained enable correct adjustment processing, depending...

Cell wall content generally is regarded as the most important factor affecting forage utilization because it comprises major fraction of dry matter and correlated with intake digestibility. The experiment was carried out to evaluate cell constituents ensiled pea - oat mixtures sown at five different seeding rates. Three effects were studied: application bacterial inoculant, rate in stages plant development. NDF (Neutral Detergent Fiber), ADF (Acid hemicellulose, lignin DMD (Dry Matter...

Southern anthracnose or crown rot, caused by Colletotrichum trifolii, is a disease that has been detected on alfalfa in Serbia. During 6-years period, especially summer and autumn, plants with symptoms were studied the field. Stem infection resulted wilting death of upper portion steam, giving rise to characteristic 'shepherd's crook' symptom. To examine level sensitivity different genotypes experimental conditions, one isolate: Coll-4 (C. trifolii originating from Serbia) reference isolate...