This paper considers a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-aided millimeter wave (mmWave) downlink communication system where hybrid analog-digital beamforming is employed at the base station (BS). We formulate power minimization problem by jointly optimizing BS and response matrix RIS, under signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) constraints all users. The highly challenging to solve due non-convex SINR as well unit-modulus phase shift for both RIS reflection coefficients...

Integrated ultra-massive multiple-input multiple-output (UM-MIMO) and intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) systems are promising for 6G beyond Terahertz (0.1-10 THz) communications, to effectively bypass the barriers of limited coverage line-of-sight blockage. However, excessive dimensions UM-MIMO IRS enlarge near-field region, while strong THz channel sparsity in far-field is detrimental spatial multiplexing. Moreover, estimation (CE) requires recovering large-scale from severely compressed...

In order to improve the accuracy of tool wear prediction, an attention-based composite neural network, referred as ConvLSTM-Att model (1DCNN-LSTM-Attention), is proposed. Firstly, local multidimensional feature vectors are extracted with help a one-dimensional convolutional network (1D-CNN), which avoids loss features caused by manual extraction. Then temporal relationship learning between performed introducing long short-term memory (LSTM) make up for lack long-short distance dependence...

Future wireless systems are likely to adopt extremely large aperture arrays achieve higher throughput, wider coverage, and spatial resolution. Conventional pre-dominantly operate in the far field (FF) of radiation source. However, as array size increases carrier wavelength decreases, near (NF) becomes non-negligible. Since NF FF differ many aspects, it is critical identify their corresponding regions. In this article, we first provide a comprehensive overview existing NF-FF boundaries, then...

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) have emerged as a prospective technology for next-generation wireless networks due to their potential in coverage and capacity enhancement. Previous works on achievable rate analysis of RIS-assisted communication systems mainly focused the rich-scattering environment where Rayleigh Rician channel models can be applied. This work studies ergodic multiple-input multiple-output millimeter-wave band with limited scattering under Saleh-Valenzuela model....

Blocking the interaction between E4 isoform of apolipoprotein E (ApoE) and amyloid beta-peptide (Aβ) may be an avenue for pharmacological intervention in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The main regions two proteins are, respectively, ApoE244–272 Aβ12–28. These protein segments are too large to facilitate design small molecule inhibitors. We mapped primary components ApoE/Aβ smaller peptide segments. Within three motifs that primarily responsible interaction, we identified four peptides...

This paper considers a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-aided millimeter wave (mmWave) downlink communication system where hybrid analog-digital beamforming is employed at the base station (BS). We formulate power minimization problem by jointly optimizing BS and response matrix RIS, under signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) constraints all users. The highly challenging to solve due non-convex SINR as well unit-modulus phase shift for both RIS reflection coefficients...

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) has attracted extensive attention in recent years. However, most research focuses on the scenario of narrowband and/or instantaneous channel state information (CSI), while wide bandwidth with use millimeter-wave (mmWave) (including sub-Terahertz) spectrum is a major trend next-generation wireless communications, and statistical CSI more practical to obtain realistic systems. Thus, we consider ergodic achievable rate RIS-assisted mmWave multiple-input...

This paper investigates an intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) aided millimeter-wave integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) system. Specifically, based on the passive beam scanning in downlink, IRS finds optimal for signals from base station to a user. Meanwhile, estimates angle of nearby target its echo signal received by elements mounted (i.e., semi-passive IRS). We propose ISAC protocol achieving above objective via simultaneous (beam) training (STAS). Then, we derive achievable...

This paper considers a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-aided millimeter wave (mmWave) downlink communication system where hybrid analog-digital beamforming is employed at the base station (BS). We formulate power minimization problem by jointly optimizing BS and response matrix RIS, under signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) constraints. The highly challenging due to non-convex SINR constraints as well unit-modulus for both phase shifts RIS analog BS. A penalty-based...

Extremely large-scale array (XL-array) communications can significantly improve the spectral efficiency and spatial resolution, has great potential in next-generation mobile communication networks. A crucial problem XL-array is to determine boundary of applicable regions plane wave model (PWM) spherical (SWM). In this paper, we propose new PWM/SWM demarcations for XL-arrays from viewpoint channel gain rank. Four sets results are derived four different setups. First, an equi-power line a...

As the core of a hypersonic propulsion system, effective mixing efficiency fuel and air in supersonic combustor is crucial for its performance. This study focuses on cold flow employs computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques combined with Euler-Lagrange method's discrete-phase model (DPM) multiphase flows, K-H R-T (Kelvin-Helmholtz Rayleigh-Taylor) atomization models, turbulence surface evaporation models to investigate injection, atomization, characteristics kerosene airflow. In order...

The memristor, a novel device, has been widely utilized due to its small size, low power consumption, and memory characteristics. In this paper, we propose new three-dimensional discrete memristor map based on coupling one-dimensional chaotic amplifier with memristor. Firstly, analyzed the model understand Then, Simulink for was developed. Lastly, complex dynamical characteristics of system were via equilibrium points, bifurcation diagrams, Lyapunov exponent spectra, complexity,...

This paper intends to propose an advanced clustering method, ant colony ISODATA algorithm (ACIA) in real time computer simulation. Ant is used as the method of cursory based on ants piling up their corpses and classifying young ones. applied meticulous clustering. has been implemented tested several simulated data sets. At same time, performance efficiency ACIA analyzed four parameters :intracluster dissimilarity degree, intercluster misclassification rate CPU time. The computational results...

This paper integrate wireless sensor networks ideology of Internet things to realize the real-time tracking goods information and code reading. Completion function supermarket chain management system account goods, refresh commodity instantly. It solve tedious process registration settlement out storage records, transmit directly through network showing quantity purchased sold. At same time, make a study on upper lower limits inventory give reference mathematical model. problem that...

Future wireless communication systems are likely to adopt extremely large aperture arrays and millimeter-wave/sub-THz frequency bands achieve higher throughput, lower latency, energy efficiency. Conventional predominantly operate in the far field (FF) of radiation source signals. As array size increases carrier wavelength shrinks, however, near (NF) becomes non-negligible. Since NF FF differ many aspects, it is essential distinguish their corresponding regions. In this article, we first...

Terahertz (0.1-10 THz) communications are envisioned as a key technology for 6G ultra-high-speed wireless systems, by offering an ultra-broad bandwidth. Integrated ultramassive multiple-input multiple-output (UM-MIMO) and intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) systems promising THz communications, to effectively bypass the barrier of limited coverage line-of-sight blockage. Two challenges arise. First, huge dimension antenna array in UM-MIMO IRS contrast with sub-millimeter wavelength enlarge...

The aim of the work presented in this article is to make sales forecasting as accurate possible through use BP artificial neural network. Firstly, introduces basic principles network, and constructs a model based on theory Then, with help MATLAB, we obtained predicted data using model, compared it actual data, results showed highly degree consistency. network precise program can get satisfactory forecasting.