A5081185245- Virology and Viral Diseases
- Vector-Borne Animal Diseases
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Rabies epidemiology and control
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Microbial infections and disease research
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Livestock and Poultry Management
- Poxvirus research and outbreaks
- Blood groups and transfusion
- Dengue and Mosquito Control Research
- Bat Biology and Ecology Studies
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Streptococcal Infections and Treatments
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
ACT Government
2020-2024
The University of Sydney
2018-2022
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation
2020-2022
Taronga Conservation Society Australia
2018-2022
Goulburn Valley Equine Hospital
2022
Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness
2020-2021
CSIRO Health and Biosecurity
2020-2021
Zoos Victoria
2018
New South Wales Department of Health
2018
Albion Centre
2014
We identified and isolated a novel Hendra virus (HeV) variant not detected by routine testing from horse in Queensland, Australia, that died acute illness with signs consistent HeV infection. Using whole-genome sequencing phylogenetic analysis, we determined the had ≈83% nt identity prototypic HeV. In silico vitro comparisons of receptor-binding protein support human monoclonal antibody m102.4 used for postexposure prophylaxis current equine vaccine will be effective against this variant. An...
Hendra virus and Nipah (NiV), members of the Henipavirus (HNV) genus, are zoonotic paramyxoviruses known to cause severe disease across six mammalian orders, including humans. We isolated a panel human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) from B cells an individual with prior exposure equine (HeV) vaccine, targeting distinct antigenic sites. The most potent class cross-reactive achieves neutralization by blocking viral attachment host cell receptors ephrin-B2 ephrin-B3, second being enhanced...
Significance A new Hendra virus variant (HeV-g2) has been recently identified in two independent studies, increasing the concern of HeV spillover. Here, we show that HeV-g2 utilizes same host receptor as and a panel previously described neutralizing antibodies cross-neutralizes potently. Furthermore, describe monoclonal antibody (hAH1.3) reveal its epitope using X-ray crystallography. We targeting four nonoverlapping epitopes on attachment protein simultaneously leads to potent...
A novel Hendra virus variant, genotype 2, was recently discovered in a horse that died after acute illness and Pteropus flying fox tissues Australia. We detected the variant urine, pathway relevant for spillover, supporting an expanded geographic range of risk to horses humans.
Case series The first two confirmed cases of A ustralian bat lyssavirus ( ABLV ) infection in horses are presented. Both occurred the same week M ay 2013 paddock mates south‐east Q ueensland. ustralia has been one only a few countries considered free from rabies‐like viruses domestic animal species. had previously bats and humans. All three human were fatal, latest F ebruary 2013. An additional case possible abortive 1996 also reported. equine reported here resulted euthanasia. risks across...
Background Hendra virus (HeV) infection is endemic in Australian flying-fox populations. Habitat loss has increased the peri-urban presence of flying-foxes, increasing risk contact and therefore viral 'spillovers' into horse human An equine vaccine available horse-husbandry practices that minimize HeV exposure are encouraged, but their adoption suboptimal. Ecological approaches–such as habitat creation conservation–could complement vaccination behavioural strategies by reducing spillover...
To evaluate the effect of Equivac® HeV Hendra virus vaccine on Thoroughbred racing performance.Retrospective pre-post intervention study.Thoroughbreds with at least one start six major south-eastern Queensland race tracks between 1 July 2012 and 31 December 2016 starts in 3-month periods before after vaccinations were identified. Piecewise linear mixed models compared trends 'Timeform rating' 'margin to winner' initial vaccination. Generalised similarly odds 'winning', 'placing' (1st-3rd)...
Significant global efforts have been directed towards understanding the epidemiology of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) across poultry production systems and in wild-bird reservoirs, yet disease dynamics village setting remains limited. This article provides a detailed account first laboratory-confirmed outbreak HPAI south-eastern provinces Lao PDR, which occurred Sekong Province October 2018. Perspectives from an anthropologist conducting fieldwork at time outbreak, clinical...
Abstract A novel Hendra virus (HeV) variant, not detected by routine testing, was identified and isolated from a Queensland horse that suffered acute, fatal disease consistent with HeV infection. Whole genome sequencing phylogenetic analysis demonstrated the variant to have ~83% nucleotide identity prototype strain. An updated RT-qPCR assay designed for surveillance. In silico in vitro comparison of receptor-binding protein prototypic showed human monoclonal antibody m102.4 used...
Hendra virus (HeV) is endemic in Australian flying foxes, posing a threat to equine and human health. Equine vaccination remains the most effective risk mitigation strategy. Many horses remain unvaccinated - even higher-risk regions. Debate surrounding vaccine's use characterised by conflicting perspectives, misunderstanding mistrust. Private veterinary practitioners are critical early identification of public health through recognition, sampling management suspect-equine-HeV-cases. However,...
A novel Hendra virus (HeV) genotype (HeV 2 [HeV-g2]) was recently isolated from a deceased horse, revealing high-sequence conservation and antigenic similarities with the prototypic strain, HeV-g1. As receptor-binding (G) fusion (F) glycoproteins of HeV are essential for mediating viral entry, functional characterization emerging genotypic variants is key to understanding entry mechanisms broader virus-host co-evolution. We first confirmed that HeV-g2 HeV-g1 share close phylogenetic...
Background: Over 1000 horses are investigated annually for Hendra virus (HeV)-like illness, of which very few (<1%) test HeV positive. In Australia, in addition to HeV, other zoonotic viruses have affected including Australian bat lyssavirus, West Nile Virus (Kunjin), Murray Valley encephalitis and Ross River virus. 1997, Menangle (MenPV), family Paramyxovirus, genus Rubulavirus, caused severe reproductive failure pigs influenza-like illness with rash two piggery staff. MenPV has been...
Abstract Hendra virus (HeV) and Nipah (NiV), the prototypic members of Henipavirus (HNV) genus, are emerging, zoonotic paramyxoviruses known to cause severe disease across six mammalian orders, including humans (Eaton et al., 2006). While several research groups have made strides in developing candidate vaccines therapeutics against henipaviruses, such countermeasures not been licensed for human use, significant gaps knowledge about immune response these viruses exist. To address gaps, we...
Background: Hendra virus (HeV) is endemic in Australian flying foxes and poses a threat to both equine human health. A subunit vaccine utilising the G glycoprotein has been developed between 2012 2019 it administered more than 150,000 horses. Vaccination of horses currently considered most effective risk mitigation strategy however, many remain unvaccinated, even higher regions. Conflicting perspectives, misunderstanding mistrust feature debate surrounding vaccine's use. Private veterinary...
Background: In October 2018, the first confirmation of highly pathogenic avian influenza in south-eastern provinces Lao PDR resulted from collaboration between animal and human health officers an Australian veterinarian residing locally as part anthropological fieldwork. Case description: Market purchased poultry introduced into a household flock 18 33 found dead or observed with clinical signs over one week that variably included comb discolouration, diarrhoea, lethargy, head tilt gait...
Background: Over 1000 horses are investigated annually for Hendra virus (HeV)-like illness, of which very few (<1%) test HeV positive. In Australia, in addition to HeV, other zoonotic viruses have affected including Australian bat lyssavirus, West Nile Virus (Kunjin), Murray Valley encephalitis and Ross River virus. 1997, Menangle (MenPV), family Paramyxovirus, genus Rubulavirus, caused severe reproductive failure pigs influenza-like illness with rash two piggery staff. MenPV has been...
In October 2021, the first contemporary detection of variant Hendra virus genotype 2 (HeV-g2) in a horse was made near major urban centre, greater Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia as part routine veterinary priority disease surveillance. One euthanised. It southernmost (HeV) spill-over to date and extended southern limit known HeV cases by approximately 95 km. The area is large centre characterised equine populations diverse type, husbandry purpose, with low vaccination rates....