A5015669865- Heavy metals in environment
- Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
- Soil erosion and sediment transport
- Soil and Unsaturated Flow
- Soil Geostatistics and Mapping
- Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Radioactivity and Radon Measurements
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Mine drainage and remediation techniques
- Groundwater and Isotope Geochemistry
- Geological Modeling and Analysis
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Groundwater flow and contamination studies
- Land Use and Ecosystem Services
- Clay minerals and soil interactions
- Landslides and related hazards
- Climate change and permafrost
- Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes
- Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity
- Aeolian processes and effects
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies
- Geotechnical Engineering and Underground Structures
British Geological Survey
2013-2024
Lehigh University
2013
University of Nottingham
2000-2009
Rothamsted Research
2009
Lancaster University
2002-2005
University of Aberdeen
2002
University of Wolverhampton
1993-2001
Loughborough University
2001
We performed a risk assessment of metal exposure to population subgroups living on, and growing food urban sites. modeled uptake cadmium, copper, nickel, lead, zinc for selection commonly grown allotment garden vegetables. Generalized linear cross-validation showed that final predictions Cd, Cu, Ni, Zn content crops were satisfactory, whereas the Pb models less robust. used predicted concentrations metals in vegetables assess human populations from homegrown sources. Risks other pathways...
DGT (diffusive gradients in thin films) was used to measure the distribution and rates of exchange Zn, Cd, Ni between solid phase solution five different soils. Soil texture ranged from sandy loam clay, pH 4.9 7.1, organic carbon content 0.8% 5.8%. devices continuously remove metal a Chelex gel layer after passage through well-defined diffusion layer. The magnitude induced remobilization flux is related pool size labile kinetics dissolved sorbed metal. were deployed over series times (4 h 3...
Soils underpin our existence through food production and represent the largest terrestrial carbon store. Understanding soil state-and-change in response to climate land use change is a major challenge. Our aim bridge science-policy interface by developing natural capital accounting structure for soil, example, attempting mass balance between erosion production, which indicates that barren land, woody crop areas are most vulnerable potential loss. We test out approach using earth observation,...
Abstract The dissolved organic carbon (DOC) export from land to ocean via rivers is a significant term in the global C cycle, and has been modified many areas by human activity. DOC exports large are fairly well quantified, but those smaller river systems, including draining oceanic regions, generally under-represented syntheses. Given that these regions typically have high runoff peat cover, they may exert disproportionate influence on land–ocean export. Here we describe comprehensive new...
The technique of diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT) accumulates metals on a Chelex resin after their transport through hydrogel. It lowers metal concentrations soil solution adjacent to the device and induces resupply associated with solid phase. DGT devices were deployed an alluvial gley for 21 different time periods between 4 h 19.5 d. accumulated masses Cu, Cd, Ni, Zn used calculate distribution coefficient labile metal, Kdl, adsorption desorption rate constants. Calculations...
Summary Isotopically exchangeable cadmium and zinc (‘ E values’) were measured on soils historically contaminated by sewage sludge ones zinc‐rich mine spoil. The ‐value assay involves determining the distribution of an added metal isotope, e.g. 109 Cd, between solid solution phases a soil suspension. values for both metals found to be robust changes in position solid⇔solution equilibrium, even though concentration dissolved varied substantially with electrolyte composition soil:solution...
Abstract. The two approaches most commonly applied to characterizing the chemical form and ‘reactivity’ of metals in soil solid phase are sequential extraction procedures (SEPs) isotopic dilution (ID). development limitations both described their application contaminated soils discussed. It may be argued that ID offers a better means discriminating between ‘reactive’ ‘inert’ forms metal. However, literature on SEPs is considerably larger, providing greater scope for comparative analysis new...
This paper examines Pb concentrations and sources in soil, grass heather from the Rookhope catchment North Pennines, UK, an area of historical Zn mining smelting. Currently, has extensive livestock sports shooting industries. Risk assessment, using source-pathway-receptor paradigm, requires quantification source terms understanding many factors determining concentration plants. A paired soil vegetation (grass heather) geochemical survey was undertaken. Results showed no direct correlation...
Abstract The transport of dissolved organic matter (DOM) across the land-ocean-aquatic-continuum (LOAC), from freshwater to ocean, is an important yet poorly understood component global carbon budget. Exploring and quantifying this flux a significant challenge given complexities DOM cycling these contrasting environments. We developed new model, UniDOM, that unifies concepts, state variables parameterisations turnover LOAC. Terrigenous divided into two pools, T 1 (strongly-UV-absorbing) 2...
Abstract The occurrence of substantial quantities black carbon (BC) in urban soil due to local dispersal following incomplete combustion fossil fuel complicates the determination labile organic (SOC). Estimates SOC content were made from loss on ignition (LOI) analyses undertaken samples (0–15 cm depth) comprehensive geochemical surveys three UK areas. We randomly selected 10 each decile LOI distribution for Coventry ( n = 808), Stoke‐on‐Trent 737) and Glasgow 1382) investigate proportions...
The spatial variation of soil metal content arising from diffuse pollution in industrial regions cannot be analysed by conventional geostatistical methods because predictions are influenced natural sources and extreme values point‐source pollution. We analyse a survey arsenic, copper, lead, tin at 372 locations around Swansea (Wales, UK). use the approach Hamon et al. (2004) to determine concentrations contaminated iron content. However, we find that this indicator is not appropriate area...
Abstract. Arable soils are critical resources that support multiple ecosystem services. They frequently threatened, however, by accelerated erosion. Subsequently, policy to ensure their long-term security is an urgent societal priority. Although relies upon a balance between the rates of soil loss and formation, there have been few investigations formation supporting arable agriculture. This paper addresses this knowledge gap presenting first isotopically constrained for (Nottinghamshire,...
A long-term incubation experiment was established to assess the solid ⇅ solution equilibria of (Cu2+), (Pb2+) and (Ni2+) in soil pore water. The comprised 23 soils spiked with 135, 300 75 mg kg−1 Cu, Pb Ni, respectively, added as nitrate salts solution. Samples water were extracted several times during period 818 days concentrations Pb, dissolved organic carbon major cations anions measured. Similar measurements carried out on a smaller selection historically contaminated extend range data...
Abstract. A model of soil variability as a continuous background process with superimposed point contamination was applied to 569 measurements metal concentrations (Cr, Ni and Pb) in the topsoils Sheffield, England. Robust estimators variogram were shown be required describe spatial variation at most sampled locations. This is diagnostic presence contaminant process. Values standardized kriging error from cross-validation each datum used identify outliers for metal. The ordinary kriged...
Environmental contextThe chemical reactivity of lead in soil is difficult to assess and depends on both conditions the origins lead. This paper tests combined application isotopic techniques extraction against our understanding fractionation soils. Possibly expectation, it appears that ‘reactivity’ can be high yet there tentative evidence original source metal affects its soil, even after long contact times. Abstract‘Reactivity’ or ‘lability’ measure using traditional methods. We...
Sand and gravel aquifer systems are common features below adjacent to river networks important in providing a hydrological link between terrestrial aquatic ecosystems. They often used for intensive agriculture therefore provide conduit the transport of nutrients systems. Understanding biogeochemical cycles C N such is essential efforts improve water quality, with major being transfer properties DOM which drives microbial processing nutrients. In this work undertaken Trent Valley, U.K.,...
Abstract Increases in the long‐range aerial transport of reactive N species from low to high latitudes will lead increased accumulation Arctic snowpack, followed by release during early summer thaw. We simulated snowpack N, and its subsequent fate over three growing seasons, on two contrasting tundra types Spitsbergen (79°N). Applications 15 (99 atom%) at 0.1 0.5 g m −2 were made immediately after snowmelt 2001 as either Na NO 3 or NH 4 Cl. These applications are approximately 1 × 5 yearly...