A5034621936- Selenium in Biological Systems
- Heavy metals in environment
- Trace Elements in Health
- Plant Micronutrient Interactions and Effects
- Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity
- Radioactivity and Radon Measurements
- Radioactive element chemistry and processing
- Radioactive contamination and transfer
- Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
- Mercury impact and mitigation studies
- Agricultural Science and Fertilization
- Iron Metabolism and Disorders
- Analytical chemistry methods development
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Lichen and fungal ecology
- Heavy Metals in Plants
- Chromium effects and bioremediation
- Phytase and its Applications
- Environmental remediation with nanomaterials
- Cardiovascular Issues in Pregnancy
- Groundwater and Isotope Geochemistry
- Coal and Its By-products
- Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal
- Animal Diversity and Health Studies
- Soil and Land Suitability Analysis
University of Nottingham
2016-2025
Loughborough University
2011-2024
Rothamsted Research
2023
Sacred Heart University
2012
Coventry (United Kingdom)
2011
University of Aberdeen
2002
Northwest–Shoals Community College
1996
Tennessee Valley Authority
1996
University of Bristol
1994
Abstract Micronutrient deficiencies (MNDs) remain widespread among people in sub-Saharan Africa 1–5 , where access to sufficient food from plant and animal sources that is rich micronutrients (vitamins minerals) limited due socioeconomic geographical reasons 4–6 . Here we report the micronutrient composition (calcium, iron, selenium zinc) of staple cereal grains for most production areas Ethiopia Malawi. We show there geospatial variation nutritionally important at subnational scales. Soil...
We investigated changes in iodine (129I) solubility and speciation nine soils with contrasting properties (pH, Fe/Mn oxides, organic carbon contents), incubated for months at 10 20 °C. The rate of 129I sorption was greater large contents (%SOC), low pH higher temperatures. Loss iodide (I−) from solution extremely rapid, apparently reaching completion over minutes–hours; iodate (IO3-) loss slower, typically occurring hours–days. In all an instantaneous reaction followed by a slower process...
Abstract Selenium (Se) is an essential human micronutrient. Deficiency of Se decreases the activity selenoproteins and can compromise immune thyroid function cognitive development, increase risks from non-communicable diseases. The prevalence deficiency unknown in many countries, especially sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Here we report that risk Malawi large among a nationally representative population 2,761 people. For example, 62.5% 29.6% women reproductive age (WRA, n = 802) had plasma...
Increasing the selenium (Se) concentration of staple crops by fertilization is a valuable pathway to increase Se in human diet, thus preventing deficiency. A pot trial was set up investigate whether application 3.33 µg kg-1 (equivalent 10 g ha-1) wheat can be made more efficient its co-application with macronutrient carriers, either soil or leaves. In soil, applied on own (selenate only) as granular, Se-enriched fertilizer supplying nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium sulfur. Selenium also...
Selenium (Se) is an essential element for human health. However, our knowledge of the prevalence Se deficiency less than other micronutrients public health concern such as iodine, iron and zinc, especially in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Studies food systems SSA, particular Malawi, have revealed that risks are widespread influenced strongly by geography. Direct evidence includes nationally representative data concentrations blood plasma urine population biomarkers status. Long-range geospatial...
Abstract Zinc (Zn) is an essential nutrient for human health. In Ethiopia, a high prevalence of Zn deficiency has been reported. To explore demographic variation and spatial dependencies in the status Ethiopian population, we analyzed archived serum samples (n = 3373) from 2015 National Micronutrient Survey (ENMS), cross-sectional survey young children, school-age women reproductive age (WRA) men conducted all 9 regions two city administration Ethiopia. Serum concentrations, measured using...
Calcium deficiency is widespread globally, especially in diets with minimal consumption of dairy. It therefore important to identify plant-based sources calcium that can make a meaningful contribution intakes for populations following minimum supply dairy products. The best have high content and bioavailability. Therefore, we evaluated the gross bioaccessible supplies 25 products from 5 food groups considered be good calcium. Bioaccessible was examined using INFOGEST static digestion model...
Aquatic organisms at Chernobyl have now been chronically exposed to environmental radiation for three decades. The biological effects of acute exposure are relatively well documented, but much less is known about the long-term chronic in their natural environment. Highly fish freshwater systems showed morphological changes reproductive system years after accident. However, limited scope past studies did not allow robust conclusions be drawn. Moreover, level dose which significant on wildlife...
Plasma selenium (Se) concentration is an established population level biomarker of Se status, especially in Se-deficient populations. Previously observed correlations between dietary intake and urinary excretion suggest that urine also a potentially viable status. However, there are only limited data on among Here, we test if for assessing status large sample women children Malawi, most whom likely to be based plasma Casual (spot) samples (n = 1406) were collected from nationally...
Background: Biofortification of wheat with zinc (Zn) through breeding and agronomy can reduce Zn deficiencies improve human health. 'High-Zn' varieties have been released in India Pakistan, where is consumed widely as a dietary staple. The aim this study was to quantify the potential contribution 'high-Zn' variety (Triticum aestivum L. var. Zincol-2016) fertilisers improving supply under field conditions Pakistan. Methods: Grain concentration Zincol-2016 local reference were determined at...
A new variety of zinc biofortified wheat (Zincol-2016) was released in Pakistan 2016. The primary aim this study to examine the effects consuming Zincol-2016 flour on biochemical and functional markers status a population with widespread deficiency. An individually-randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled cross over design used. Fifty households were recruited participate study, each household included at least one woman reproductive age (16-49 years) who neither pregnant nor breast...
The dataset comprises primary data for the concentration of 29 mineral micronutrients in cereal grains and up to 84 soil chemistry properties from GeoNutrition project surveys Ethiopia Malawi. work provided insights on geospatial variation micronutrient staple crops, potential influencing factors. In Ethiopia, sampling was conducted Amhara, Oromia, Tigray regions, during late-2017 late-2018 harvest seasons. Malawi, national-scale April-June 2018 season. concentrations grain were measured...
Grain and soil were sampled across a large part of Amhara, Ethiopia in study motivated by prior evidence selenium (Se) deficiency the Region's population. The grain samples (teff, Eragrostis tef, wheat, Triticum aestivum) analysed for concentration Se soils various properties, including measured different extractants. Predictive models respective grains developed, predicted values, along with observed concentrations two represented multivariate linear mixed model which selected covariates,...
Selenium (Se) is an essential element for human health and livestock productivity. Globally, Se status highly variable, mainly due to the influence of soil types on content crops, suggesting need identify areas deficiency design targeted interventions. In sub-Saharan Africa, including Ethiopia, data population are largely unavailable, although previous studies indicated potential widespread deficiency. Serum concentration a nationally representative sample Ethiopian was determined, these...
Background: Selenium deficiency is widespread in the Malawi population. The selenium concentration maize, staple food crop of Malawi, can be increased by applying selenium-enriched fertilizers. It unknown whether this strategy, called agronomic biofortification, effective at alleviating deficiency. Objectives: aim Addressing Hidden Hunger with Agronomy (AHHA) trial was to determine consumption maize flour, agronomically-biofortified selenium, affected serum concentrations women, and children...
Food crop micronutrient concentrations can be enhanced through agronomic biofortification, with the potential to reduce deficiencies among rural population if they have access fertilizers. Here we reported impact of biofortification on finger millet grain zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe) concentration.A field experiment was conducted in farmers' fields Ethiopia two locations; over seasons one district (2019 2020), a single season (2019) second district. The experimental design had 15 treatment...
Abstract Improved crop genotypes are constantly introduced . However, information on their nutritional quality is generally limited. The present study reports the proximate composition and concentration relative bioavailability of minerals improved finger millets different genotypes. Grains millet (n = 15) grown in research station during 2019 2020 Ethiopia, replicated three times a randomized complete block design, were analysed for composition, mineral (iron, zinc, calcium, selenium),...
<title>Abstract</title> This study quantifies the impact of iodized salt on child survival and academic achievement based sudden nationwide changes in access to salt, given naturally occurring geographic variation iodine. We combine data birth timing test scores national school-leaving exams from 2003 2019 with health surveys newly collected measures soil grain iodine concentrations, finding that children longer exposure utero infancy during 1990s went have lower mortality higher scores,...
Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) thrives in arid and nutrient-poor environments, establishing its role as a crucial cereal crop for food security sub-Saharan Africa. Despite remarkable adaptability, yields remain below genetic potential, primarily due to limited water nutrient availability. In this study, we conducted ionomic profiling genome-wide association studies (GWAS) field conditions across two growing seasons unravel the basis of acquisition pearl millet. Soil ion content analyses...
The accident at the Chornobyl Nuclear Power Plant (Ukraine) resulted in extremely high contamination adjacent areas and radioactive plumes transported further afield. A distinctive feature was direct release of uranium-rich reactor fuel fragments i.e. 'hot particles' to environment. However, fate uranium terrestrial ecosystems is poorly known relation short-lived radionuclides. We investigated long-term behaviour nuclear particles across a range soils land-use types Exclusion Zone, unique...