A5024833580- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Oil Spill Detection and Mitigation
- Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Spectroscopy and Laser Applications
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
- Coastal and Marine Dynamics
- Fluid Dynamics and Mixing
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Climate change and permafrost
- Odor and Emission Control Technologies
- Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer
- Minerals Flotation and Separation Techniques
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Geological Studies and Exploration
SRI International
2014-2023
Research International (United States)
2014-2023
University of California, Santa Barbara
2006-2020
Entertainment Industries Council
2014
Centre for Arctic Gas Hydrate, Environment and Climate
2014
Institute of Marine Science
2005-2006
University of California System
2003-2004
Georgia Institute of Technology
1995
Abstract When wind speeds are 2–10 m s −1 , reflective contrasts in the ocean surface make oil slicks visible to synthetic aperture radar (SAR) under all sky conditions. Neural network analysis of satellite SAR images quantified magnitude and distribution Gulf Mexico from persistent, natural seeps Deepwater Horizon (DWH) discharge. This identified 914 seep zones across entire pre‐2010 data. Their ∼0.1 µm covered an aggregated average 775 km 2 . Assuming volume 77.5 3 over 8–24 h lifespan per...
Abstract Results from surface geochemical prospecting, seismic exploration and satellite remote sensing have documented oil gas seeps in marine basins around the world. Seeps are a dynamic component of carbon cycle can be important indicators for economically significant hydrocarbon deposits. The northern Gulf Mexico contains hundreds active that studied experimentally with use submarines Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROV). Hydrocarbon flux through sediments profoundly alters benthic ecology...
The East Siberian Arctic Shelf (ESAS), which includes the Laptev Sea, and Russian part of Chukchi has not been considered to be a methane (CH 4 ) source hydrosphere or atmosphere because subsea permafrost, underlies most ESAS, was believed, first, conducive methanogenesis and, second, act as an impermeable lid, preventing CH escape through seabed. Here recent observational data obtained during summer (2005–2006) winter (2007) expeditions indicate ubiquitous presence elevated dissolved...
Abstract. Localized anthropogenic sources of atmospheric CH4 are highly uncertain and temporally variable. Airborne remote measurement is an effective method to detect quantify these emissions. In a campaign context, the science yield can be dramatically increased by real-time retrievals that allow operators coordinate multiple measurements most active areas. This improve outcomes for both single- multiple-platform missions. We describe case study NASA/ESA CO2 MEthane eXperiment (COMEX) in...
In response to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in Gulf of Mexico, a method near-infrared imaging spectroscopic analysis was developed map locations thick floating on water. Specifically, this can be used derive, each image pixel, oil-to-water ratio emulsions, sub-pixel areal fraction, and its thicknesses volume within limits light penetration into (up few millimeters). The uses shape (NIR) absorption features variations spectral continuum due organic compounds found identify different...
Two large steel tents (each 30 m by m), open at the bottom to seafloor, capture ∼16,800 3 d −1 (594 MCF) of primarily methane from a natural hydrocarbon seep, occurring kilometer offshore in 67 water. The gas is piped shore where it metered and processed. seep flow rate was monitored hourly for 9 months. Our results show that tidal forcing causes vary 4–7% around mean. These are first quantitative documentation effect tides on seepage relatively deep Time series analyses month record clearly...
The release of methane sequestered within deep‐sea hydrates is postulated as a mechanism for abrupt climate change; however, whether emitted seabed reaches the atmosphere debatable. We observed emissions blowout from shallow (22 m) hydrocarbon seep. emission was determined atmospheric plume measurements. Simulations suggest 1.1% gas loss to dissolution compared ∼10% typical low‐flux bubble plume. Transfer primarily enhanced by rapid upwelling flows induced massive discharge. This could allow...
A series of microphysical laboratory experiments studying the hydrodynamics single bubbles were conducted to measure variation rise velocity, VB, with temperature, T, and radius, r. Bubbles an equivalent spherical radius between 377 4500 μm studied for T varying 0° 40°C. While nonoscillating VB increases T; due significance oscillations, decreases oscillating bubbles, in conjunction increase trajectory oscillations T. Using observations from this study data other researchers, a three-part...
Affordable high quality charge-coupled device (CCD) video cameras and image processing software are powerful tools for bubble measurements. Because of the wide variation between populations, different measurement systems (BMSs) required depending upon application. Two BMSs described: a mini-BMS designed to observe background population from breaking waves, large-BMS noninvasively determine time-resolved distribution inside dense plumes near interface, as details analysis techniques. Using...
Abstract Predicting the fate of subsea hydrocarbon gases escaping into seawater is complicated by potential formation hydrate on rising bubbles that can enhance their survival in water column, allowing gas to reach shallower depths and atmosphere. The precise nature influence coatings bubble hydrodynamics dissolution largely unknown. Here we present high‐definition, experimental observations complex surficial mechanisms governing methane dissociation during transit a simulated oceanic column...
Abstract. Fugitive emissions from waste disposal sites are important anthropogenic sources of the greenhouse gas methane (CH4). As a result growing world population and recognition need to control emissions, this source CH4 has received much recent attention. However, accurate assessment landfills by modeling existing measurement techniques is challenging. This because inaccurate knowledge model parameters extent limited accessibility landfill sites. results in large uncertainty our...