A5101874905- Calibration and Measurement Techniques
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Aerospace Engineering and Energy Systems
- Spectroscopy and Laser Applications
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Spacecraft Dynamics and Control
- Planetary Science and Exploration
- Spacecraft and Cryogenic Technologies
- Infrared Target Detection Methodologies
- Space Exploration and Technology
- Space exploration and regulation
- Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Astro and Planetary Science
- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Inorganic and Organometallic Chemistry
- Odor and Emission Control Technologies
- Urban Heat Island Mitigation
- Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
- Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Asymmetric Hydrogenation and Catalysis
- Thermal Radiation and Cooling Technologies
- Robotic Path Planning Algorithms
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
The Aerospace Corporation
1995-2021
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
2003-2014
California Institute of Technology
2010-2011
A new airborne thermal infrared imaging spectrometer, "Mako", with 128 bands in the covering 7.8 to 13.4 microns, has recently completed its engineering flight trials. Results from these flights, which occurred September 2010 and included two science are presented. The sensor flies a Twin Otter aircraft operates whiskbroom mode, giving it ability scan ±40° around nadir. package is supported on commercial 3-axis-stabilized mount greatly reduces aircraft-induced pointing jitter. internal...
[1] Airborne hyperspectral imaging surveys were conducted over a geothermally active region straddling the southeastern shore of Salton Sea in Southern California. The imagery was acquired across 7.6–13.5 μm longwave-infrared with ground sample distance approximately 1 m. Prominent thermal hot spots associated fumaroles along known fault line observed to coincide emission free ammonia, presumed originate from induced pyrolytic decomposition nitrogenous compounds that permeate lake water,...
We present a ratioing algorithm for quantitative analysis of the passive Fourier-transform infrared spectrum chemical plume. show that transmission near-field plume is given by τ(plume) = (L(obsd) - L(bb-plume))/(L(bkgd) L(bb-plume)), where frequency-dependent plume, L(obsd) spectral radiance scene contains L(bkgd) same without and L(bb-plume) blackbody at temperature. The simultaneously achieves background removal, elimination spectrometer internal signature, quantification transmission. It...
A new airborne facility instrument for Earth science applications is introduced. The Mineral and Gas Identifier (MAGI) a wide-swath (programmable up to ±42° off nadir) moderate spectral resolution thermal-infrared (TIR) imaging spectrometer that spans the 7.1- 12.7-μm window in 32 uniform contiguous channels. Its enables improved discrimination of rock mineral types, greatly expanded gas-detection capability, generally more accurate land-surface temperature retrievals. design arose from...
The Aerospace Corporation's sensitive Mako thermal infrared imaging spectrometer, which operates between 7.6 and 13.2 microns at a spectral sampling of 44 nm, flies in DeHavilland DHC-6 Twin Otter, has undergone significant changes over the past year that have greatly increased its performance. A comprehensive overhaul electronics enabled frame rates up to 3255 Hz noise reductions bringing it close background-limited. replacement diffraction grating whose peak efficiency was tuned shorter...
Computational models are developed to predict the natural convection heat transfer and buoyancy for a Montgolfiere under conditions relevant Titan atmosphere. Idealized single double-walled balloon geometries simulated using algorithms suitable both laminar (averaged) turbulent convection. Steady-state performance results compared existing coefficient correlations. The results, in particular, used test validity of correlations absence uncertainties associated with turbulence modeling. Some...
A novel thermal-band imager is proposed for space-based Earth science measurement applications such as rock identification and volcano monitoring. The instrument, MAGI-L (Mineral Gas Identifier - LEO), would also enable detection of gases from natural anthropogenic sources. Its higher spectral resolution, compared to ASTER-type sensors, will improve discrimination types, greatly expand the gas-detection capability, result in more accurate land-surface temperatures. optical design incorporate...
The Huygens probe arrived at Saturn's moon, Titan, January 14,2005, unveiling a world that is radically different from any other in the solar system. data obtained, complemented by continuing observations Cassini spacecraft, show methane lakes, river channels and drainage basins, sand dunes, cryovolcanos sierras. This has led to an enormous scientific interest follow-up mission using robotic lighter-than-air vehicle (or aerobot). Aerobots have modest power requirements, can fly missions with...
Abstract The prediction of tropical cyclone rapid intensification is one the most pressing unsolved problems in hurricane forecasting. signatures gravity waves launched by strong convective updrafts are often clearly seen airglow and carbon dioxide thermal emission spectra under favorable atmospheric conditions. By continuously monitoring Atlantic belt from main development region to vulnerable sections continental United States at high cadence, it will be possible investigate utility...
We have developed a new portable, ground-based imaging system primarily to investigate the thermal properties of volcanic processes during lava propagation and cooling, although it is potentially applicable any dynamic geologic process. The miniature multispectral camera (MMT-Cam) an that acquires six wavelength bands infrared (TIR) data between 8 12 μm nearly simultaneously. spatial temporal resolutions are high, 640 × 512 pixels, 1 s, respectively. calibrated using full-aperture blackbody...
There is a need for long-life power generation scheme that could be used downhole in an oil well to produce 1 Watt average power. are variety of existing or proposed energy harvesting schemes this environment but each these has its own limitations. The vibrating piezoelectric structure principle capable operating very long lifetimes (decades) thereby possibly overcoming limitation technology based on rotating turbo-machinery. In order determine the feasibility using piezoelectrics suitable...
A sensitive, ground-based thermal imaging spectrometer was deployed at the Army's Dugway Proving Ground to remotely monitor explosively released chemical-warfare-agent-simulant clouds from stand-off ranges of a few kilometers. The sensor has 128 spectral bands covering 7.6 13.5 micron region. measured cloud spectra clearly showed scattering high-elevation-angle sky radiance by liquid aerosols or dust in clouds: we present arguments that show why is most likely due dust. This observation...
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCarbon-carbon bond formation. 6. Alkyl halide coupling from an electrochemically generated iron promoterJeffrey L. Hall, Richard D. Geer, and Paul W. JenningsCite this: J. Org. Chem. 1978, 43, 22, 4364–4366Publication Date (Print):October 1, 1978Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 October 1978https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo00416a024https://doi.org/10.1021/jo00416a024research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse...
The Dyson spectrometer form is capable of providing high throughput, excellent image quality, low spatial and spectral distortions, tolerance to fabrication alignment errors in a compact format with modest demands for weight, volume, cooling resources. These characteristics make it attractive hyperspectral imaging from space-based platform. After brief discussion history basic principles, we present two examples spectrometers being developed airborne applications. We conclude concept an...
As previously reported [1], it may be possible to launch payloads into low-Earth orbit (LEO) at a per- kilogram cost that is one two orders of magnitude lower than current systems, using only relatively small capital investment (comparable single large present-day launch).11 An attractive payload would quantities high-performance rocket propellant as required for the exploration moon, Mars, and beyond. The concept use mass-produced rockets can reach with modest atmospheric drag losses...
The Mako airborne longwave-infrared hyperspectral sensor is a whiskbroom imager operating in the 7.6-13.2 μm region with 44-nm spectral sampling and <30 mK noise-equivalent differential temperature (NEDT). It has undergone progressive development since its inaugural flights 2010 capable of acquiring 112° swaths an areal rate 33 km<sup>2</sup> min<sup>-1</sup> at 2-m ground distance. performance envelope allows for number operational modes that can be deployed against variety...
*† ‡ § , # ** †† Robotic lighter-than-air vehicles, or aerobots, provide a strategic platform for the exploration of planets and moons with an atmosphere, such as Venus, Mars, Titan gas giants. Aerobots have modest power requirements, extended mission durations, long traverse capabilities. They can execute regional surveys, transport deploy scientific instruments in-situ laboratory facilities over vast distances, also wide-area surface sampling. With arrival Huygens probe at Saturn’s moon in...
NASA’s Planetary Science Division recently commissioned a and Technology Definition Team to design potential Venus Flagship mission. The team developed list of various mission elements that could serve as parts an overall architecture, including orbiters, balloons at altitudes, landed platforms varying number lifetime. In order determine the architecture provided best science within desired cost range, teams scientists priorities for investigations previously detailed by Exploration...
The domain and technology of mobile robotic space exploration are fast moving from brief visits to benign Mars surface regions more challenging terrain sustained exploration. Further, the overall venue concept expanding-"from flatland 3D"-from surface, sub-surface aerial theatres on disparate large small planetary bodies, including Mars, Venus, Titan, Europa, asteroids. These new system developments being facilitated by concurrent, synergistic advances in software hardware technologies for...