Abstract This Review aims at a comprehensive overview on the recent stereospecific control polymerizations by group 3 metal complexes based catalytic systems in combination with aluminum alkyls and organoborates etc. co‐catalysts. The involved monomers include styrene substituted styrenes, conjugated dienes like isoprene butadiene, their derivatives. syndio‐ iso‐selective of styrene, unmasked polar styrenes copolymerizations are summarized. factors influencing activity selectivity discussed....

The creation of full stereoisomers an organic compound comprising multiple contiguous stereocenters with simultaneous control over both relative and absolute configurations remains a significant challenge in synthetic chemistry. Using cooperative catalysis strategy, we established N-heterocyclic carbene/nickel-catalyzed enantio- diastereodivergent propargylation reaction to access 3,3'-disubstituted oxindoles, enabling the incorporation internal alkyne functionality introduction single...

We present a novel implementation for 2K/8K dual-mode FFT (fast Fourier transform) OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) of DVB-T (digital video broadcasting terrestrial) receivers. Besides pipelining the to reduce area and enhance data throughput, SDF (single-path delay feedback) butterfly units radix-2 radix-4 processing are adopted resolve power consumption difficulty P&R (place route) problem. The SRAM is used in relax auto-refreshing requirement if DRAM such that not only...

Organic photovoltaics (OPVs) have attracted considerable attention due to their potential for generating renewable energy. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the OPVs largely depends on organic semiconducting materials. Thus, elucidation structure–property OPV performance relationships is important rational improvement OPVs. Here, low-bandgap copolymers comprising dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]silole as a donor unit and dialkyl-substituted naphtho[2,3-c]thiophene-4,9-dione an acceptor were...

Quaternary amino acids are one of the essential building blocks and precursors medicinally important compounds. Various synthetic strategies towards their synthesis have been reported. On other hand, developing core-structure-oriented cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) reactions, is a largely unsolved problem. Herein, we describe copper-catalyzed regiodivergent electrochemical CDC reaction Schiff bases commercially available hydroquinones to obtain three classes chiral quaternary acid...

While network attack and defense are experiencing a rapid change, the current research achievements of security based on traditional game theory fail to characterize real-time performance actual attack-defense process accurately. Furthermore, all kinds disturbance accidental factors would affect evolution state. Therefore, tackle with randomness state high dynamic decision making, we analyzed behaviors from perspectives confrontation. Then constructed Markov differential model for analysis...

The paper presents a switched-current circuit implementation of chaotic algorithm to generate white noise. A 3-bit digital normalizer is utilized adjust the coefficients in piecewise-linear transfer function such that probability generated numbers will be very close uniform distribution. 1.0-GHz linear track-and-hold applied random number generator (RNG) achieve wide output bandwidth. TSMC 0.25-/spl mu/m one-poly five-metal CMOS process adopted carry out proposed design verify wideband...

A high-speed phase-adjustable read-only-memory less direct digital frequency synthesizer employing trigonometric quadruple angle formula is presented. ten-stage pipelining architecture employed based upon decomposition of phase operands. Spectral purity better than <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$-$</tex> 130 dBc for the worst case spurious-free dynamic range. The resolution up to 12 bits. Most importantly, output sinusoidal...

Since the characteristics of opposite objectives, non-cooperation relationship, and dependent strategies network attack defense are highly consistent with game theory, researching decision-making methods applying models to analyze attack-defense behaviors has been concern in recent years. However, most research achievements regarding based on hypothesis that both two sides' players completely rational, which is hard meet. Therefore, we combined evolutionary theory Markov decisionmaking...

Abstract Streoregular poly(vinyl alcohol) is hard to obtain because vinyl alcohol unstable relative its tautomer acetaldehyde, and the monomer precursor ester poisonous coordination catalyst. Herein, polymerization of 2‐vinyl‐2,1‐borazanaphthalene (BN2VN) reported by linked or unlinked half‐sandwich ligands attached scandium precursors ((FluSiMe 3 )Sc(CH 2 SiMe ) (THF) (THF = tetrahydrofuran, 1) , (FluCH CH ‐NHC‐R)Sc(CH (R mesityl i Pr Me 4 ), Py)Sc(CH ( 5 for first time. Among these...

The Weisfeiler-Lehman (WL) test is a widely used algorithm in graph machine learning, including kernels, metrics, and neural networks. However, it focuses only on the consistency of graph, which means that unable to detect slight structural differences. Consequently, this limits its ability capture information, also performance existing models rely WL test. This limitation particularly severe for traditional metrics defined by test, cannot precisely In paper, we propose novel metric called...

In this article, a nonlinear vector network analyzer (NVNA) measurement setup is developed to characterize frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) signals in the domain. Thanks use of precisely synchronized multisine phase reference and pulsed-RF calibration standards, such NVNA validated for high-accuracy wideband FMCW at millimeter-wave test bands. According method validation 24 60 GHz with maximum bandwidth 2 GHz, proposed has lower errors uncertainties than commercial real-time...

LVDS has become a popular choice for high-speed serial links in large-sized display units. This work presents the design and implementation of I/O interface circuits Gbps operation which is fully complied with IEEE STD. 1596.3 (LVDS). A step-down voltage regulator employed to reject noise coupled system power supply. CMFB (common mode feedback) circuitry utilized transmitter stabilize common predefined range. By contrast, regenerative circuit provides positive feedback loop gain between...

Semiconducting copolymers based on benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene and thieno[3,4-c]pyrole-4,6-dione containing oligo(thienylenevinylene) side chains with different lengths were synthesized to examine the effect of π-conjugated performance polymer solar cells (PSCs). Using that had as PSC electron donor resulted in a higher short circuit current fill factor compared reference copolymers, which no chain or an analogous π-conjugation, resulting increase power conversion efficiency 10–22%....

Since traditional game theory applying to network attack and defense has the restriction of complete rational, we establish non-cooperative evolutionary model on premise bounded rationality, solved by replicator dynamic equations. For strategy learning evolution process defender, use Best-response mechanism between defenders, which can analyze equilibrium point defending selection. Then, summarize laws selection under rationality. The validity method is validated system simulation.

In this article, we present a novel nonlinear vector network analyzer (NVNA) setup for charactering the in-band full-duplex (IBFD) performance of millimeter-wave antenna systems. To achieve modulated measurements on dense spectral grids, NVNA utilizes user-defined: 1) digitally-modulated test stimuli; 2) multisine phase reference; and 3) pulsed-radio frequency (RF) calibration standards bench establishment calibration. create IBFD scenario, special design stimuli is developed...

To solve some problems brought about by the Hill Starting Aid Equipment mounted in vehicle with an Automated Mechanical Transmission, this work authors analyzed vehicle's dynamics problem and control when starts on a slope road, then presented intelligent method based iterative learning theory for starting. By aid of method, equipped AMT can leave out start up smoothly without slipping back. This cannot only reduce cost, but also make brake system highly reliable. The test result shows that...

We present a novel implementation for 2K/8K dual-mode small-area FFT the OFDM demodulator of DVB-T receivers. Besides pipelining to reduce area and enhance data throughput, SDF butterfly units radix-2 radix-4 processing are adopted resolve power consumption difficulty P&R (place route) problem. SRAM is used in relax auto-refreshing requirement if DRAM used.

Abstract This paper presents a design methodology of multisine signals, so that they can be used as phase references or standards convenient for modulated measurements. To achieve an extendable measurement bandwidth, the spectrum each is designed with three successive segments, where left (lower‐frequency) and right (higher‐frequency) ending ones have same spectra. In this way several multisines, one by overlapped at jointly serve integrated reference/standard signal, which, in theory, has...

Graph classification is a hot topic of machine learning for graph-structured data, and it also very potential valuable research. However, the difficulty graph challenging special, which quite different from normal problems. One most difficult points that numbers vertex neighbors in graphs are usually variable, makes number weights uncertain ambiguous. Recent work such like attention network apply transformer on neural network. learned attentions cannot strictly reveal importance each part...

In machine learning, optimal transport (OT) theory is extensively utilized to compare probability distributions across various applications, such as graph data represented by node and image pixel distributions. practical scenarios, it often necessary solve multiple OT problems. Traditionally, these problems are treated independently, with each problem being solved sequentially. However, the computational complexity required a single already substantial, making resolution of even more...

Functionalized organophosphorus compounds are key structural motifs in many natural products and pharmaceutical chem‐icals. Herein, we describe the electrochemical radical allylation reaction for direct efficient construction of C(sp3)−P bonds. A wide range arylphosphine oxides allylsilanes were well tolerated, providing valuable with generally good yields. Mechanistic studies indicate that a phosphoryl is generated through single electron transfer oxidation process play pivotal role pathway.

In this paper, we present a novel set of frequency hopping (FH) sequences which have few-hit zone (FHZ). Different from the existing FH with no-hit (NHZ), proposed not only has good correlation properties within FHZ, but also large family size. The quasi-synchronous code division multiple access (QS-FH-CDMA) systems using such FHZ can be less interference (MAI) and accommodate more users as long shifts between are