A5064912614- Precipitation Measurement and Analysis
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing
- Radio Wave Propagation Studies
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Radar Systems and Signal Processing
- Spectroscopy and Laser Applications
- Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- GNSS positioning and interference
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques
- Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques
- Electromagnetic Compatibility and Measurements
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Satellite Communication Systems
- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Icing and De-icing Technologies
- Image and Signal Denoising Methods
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Microwave Imaging and Scattering Analysis
- Maritime Navigation and Safety
University of Florence
2015-2024
Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Telecomunicazioni
2003-2023
Gestione Sistemi per l’Informatica (Italy)
2023
University of Siena
2016
Wave Up (Italy)
2016
Istituto di Scienza e Tecnologie dell'Informazione "Alessandro Faedo"
2015
We present the NEFOCAST project (named by contraction of “Nefele”, which is Italian spelling for mythological cloud nymph Nephele, and “forecast”), funded Tuscany Region, about feasibility a system detection monitoring precipitation fields over regional territory based on use widespread network new-generation Eutelsat “SmartLNB” (smart low-noise block converter) domestic terminals. Though primarily intended interactive satellite services, these devices can also be used as weather sensors,...
A method recently proposed for the simultaneous measurement of all four elements target scattering matrix in polarimetric radars is considered and analysed. The makes use pulse signal coding theoretically based on independent transmission two orthogonal signals orthogonally polarised channels feeding same antenna. are retrieved by correlating received each channel with both transmitted waveforms. potential advantages offered this discussed, particular reference to accuracy presence point...
Measuring water vapor (WV) in the troposphere, where nearly all atmospheric WV is concentrated, critical for understanding composition and dynamics comprehensively. A particularly challenging issue conducting systematic measurements lower troposphere (approximately 5–6 km) on a global scale, as this would significantly enhance both climate modeling numerical weather prediction (NWP) capabilities over short time scales.Based theoretical studies conducted European Space Agency (ESA),...
Information on the global distribution of vertical velocity precipitating particles is needed in estimating latent heat fluxes, and therefore general study energy transportation phenomena atmosphere. Such information not currently available, but it can potentially be obtained by a spaceborne Doppler precipitation radar. In this paper, expected performance for type radar measuring rainfall investigated. Although high relative speed instrument with respect to droplets contributes significantly...
The microwave tomographic inversion technique (MTIT) proposed in 1991 for reconstruction of rainfall fields at ground through attenuation measurements is reconsidered. A new algorithm data presented [referred to as stochastic (SRT)] that generally performs better than the one originally adopted arithmetic (ART)]. Improvement achieved spatial definition and general reliability field reconstruction. model represent reconstructed leads a completely different strategy problem, this based on...
A theoretical analysis of the impact clear-air tropospheric scintillation on a radio occultation link between two low Earth orbit satellites in K- and Ku-bands is presented, with particular reference to differential approaches for measure total content water vapor. The troposphere described as spherically symmetric turbulent medium satisfying Kolmogorov theory. Rytov's first iteration solution weak fluctuations used derive an expression variance amplitude wave well their spectrum correlation...
The Advanced Polarimetric Doppler Weather Radar Simulator (APDWRS) capable of generating I&Q time series voltages for a ground based fully-polarimetric weather radar is described in this paper. Research and Forecast (WRF) model used conjunction with the T-Matrix code to generate signals according propagation-modified covariance matrix. Mixtures rain, hail, graupel snow hydrometeors relative realistic phenomenon are considered. polarimetric observables estimated from simulated showed good...
Abstract The knowledge of atmospheric refractive index structure constant ( ) profiles is fundamental to determine the intensity turbulence, and hence impact scintillation impairment on signals propagating in troposphere. However, their relation with variables not straightforward, based statistical considerations are normally employed. This can be a shortcoming when performing simulations for which disturbances need consistent assumed conditions. To overcome this limitation, work describes...
This article addresses the problem of radar pulse compression. First, a matched filter at receiver is assumed and method to design transmit waveform characterized by an autocorrelation function with narrow mainlobe low sidelobes proposed. After that, mismatched considered optimum linear In both cases, pursued objectives are minimum sidelobe energy peak level through strategy based on quadratic nonlinear optimization. this article, we focus particularly case ground weather radars, where...
A method making use of signal coding for simultaneous measurement all four elements a target scattering matrix with polarimetric radar is studied. The based on transmission two orthogonal signals polarization channels. the are retrieved reception by correlating each channel both signals. Although increases system complexity, it potentially overcomes limitations accuracy introduced fast switch and may also improve Doppler processing signals.< <ETX...
Abstract In this paper a sea surface radar echo spectral analysis technique to correct for the rainfall velocity error caused by radar-pointing uncertainty is presented. The correction procedure quite straightforward when observing homogeneous field. When nonuniform beam filling (NUBF) occurs and attenuating frequencies are used, however, additional steps necessary in order correctly estimate antenna-pointing direction. This new relies on application of combined frequency–time (CFT)...
We introduce here the normalized differential spectral attenuation (NDSA) approach, which is a novel measurement way for estimating total content of water vapor integrated (IWV) along tropospheric propagation path between two Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites. The NDSA approach requires transmitter onboard first LEO satellite and receiver second one. It based on simultaneous at relatively close frequencies in Ku/K bands, estimate "spectral sensitivity parameter" that can be directly converted...
Normalized differential spectral attenuation (NDSA) is a novel measurement method to estimate the total content of water vapor [integrated (IWV)] along tropospheric propagation path between two low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites. A transmitter onboard first LEO satellite and receiver second one are required. The NDSA approach based on simultaneous estimates at relatively close frequencies in Ku/K-bands "spectral sensitivity parameter" that can be directly converted into IWV. has potential...
An algorithm based on a support vector machine (SVM) is proposed for hydrometeor classification. The training phase driven by the output of fuzzy logic classification algorithm, i.e., most popular approach hydrometer algorithms used ground-based weather radar. performance SVM evaluated resorting to scenario, generated model; corresponding radar measurements are obtained simulation and comparing results with those classifier. Results model simulations show higher accuracy Objective comparison...
Accurate measurement and monitoring of precipitation is crucial for many applications, such as flood drought risk assessment management. Conventional meteorological devices estimating (i.e., rain gauges, disdrometers, active passive remote sensors, be they ground-based, spaceborne, or airborne) have their own strengths weaknesses. The latter are often related to time space resolution, coverage, cost. In the last two decades, several studies been carried out exploit opportunistic signals...
The normalized differential spectral attenuation (NDSA) approach was proposed years ago as an effective way to estimate the integrated water vapor (IWV) along a tropospheric propagation path between two low Earth orbit satellites. Two applications are possible: retrieval of vertical profiles WV if sense rotation is opposite and 2D fields over sections same. method relies on measurement so-called sensitivity S at given frequencies, IWV-S relationships that convert into IWV radio link where...
In recent years, severe weather phenomena have occurred with increasing frequency throughout the Mediterranean area. Because of extreme intensity and their small spatio-temporal scales, an early warning rainfall through a timely accurate estimation is crucial for reducing hydrological risk disaster mitigation. On other hand, rain-gauge networks are often not able to detect due limited sampling capability, as in two case studies presented this work, characterized by conditions. For both...
For vertical Doppler velocity measurements of a homogeneous rain field, the standard spectral moment estimation techniques commonly used by ground-based and airborne radars can be readily extended for spaceborne application, provided that radar antenna size is chosen to adequately reduce satellite motion-induced broadening. When encountering an inhomogeneous on other hand, nonuniform beam filling (NUBF) causes additional biases estimates, which (i) often reach several meters per second, (ii)...
Abstract. Selected case studies of precipitating ice clouds at Dome C (Antarctic Plateau) were used to test a new approach for the estimation cloud reflectivity 24 GHz (12.37 mm wavelength) using ground-based far infrared spectral measurements from REFIR-PAD Fourier transform spectroradiometer and backscattering/depolarization lidar profiles. The resulting was evaluated with direct provided by co-located micro rain radar (MRR) operating GHz, that able detect falling crystals large particle...
The southern area of Italy is characterized by the presence many active volcanic areas. In Pozzuoli (Naples, Italy), an urban high risk, a gas emitting site present. A percentage CO/sub 2/ emitted, whose atmospheric concentration measurement important task in environmental and scientific applications. this paper, we describe utilization over that mobile infrared (IR) laser system, able to measure along rectilinear paths up 1-km length, result tomographic processing applied retrieve...
This paper introduces additional results to those concerning the quasi-real-time estimation of rain rate through an opportunistic Ka-band satellite link, which has been recently presented. The focus present work is on dependence proposed method from some model's parameters such as clouds base height and integration time for received signal. upgrade model presented its employment with a new set collected data are interpreted comparison measurements small network gauges.
In this paper, we address the problem of combating effect nonlinearities transmit-receive chain in solid-state radars, which are typically generated by power amplifier transmission. This issue is particular importance meteorological radar applications, as they require transmit pulses featuring very low autocorrelation sidelobes, significantly raised due to nonlinearities. work, describe an adaptive predistortion design method based on iterative approach spectral domain. The proposed has been...
Accurate quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE) methods are essential for weather forecasting and prevention of hydrogeological risk. QPE becomes even more important when facing severe events. In this letter, a comparison among different rainfall is presented, using event that occurred in Italy as case study. particular, the focus on merging method based dynamic adaptation Z–R relationship according to spatiotemporal evolution observed phenomenon. Through cross-validation analysis, we...