Recent experimental and theoretical studies demonstrate that pressure driven flow of fluids through nanoscale ( d < 10 nm) carbon pores occurs 4 to 5 orders magnitude faster than predicted by extrapolation from conventional theory. Here, we report results for water, ethanol, decane nanopipes with larger inner diameters (43 +/- 3 previously investigated. We find enhanced transport up 45 times predictions. In contrast previous work, in our systems, flows water. These were composed amorphous...

Topological protection is an elegant way of warranting the integrity quantum and nanosized systems. In magnetism one example Bloch-point, a peculiar object implying local vanishing magnetization within ferromagnet. Its existence had been postulated described theoretically since several decades, however it has never observed. We con rm experimentally Bloch points, imaged domain walls in cylindrical magnetic nanowires, combining surface transmission XMCD-PEEM microscopy. This opens to...

Relating magnetotransport properties to specific spin textures at surfaces or interfaces is an intense field of research nowadays. Here, we investigate the variation electrical resistance Ge(111) grown epitaxially on semi-insulating Si(111) under application external magnetic field. We find a magnetoresistance term that linear in current density j and B, hence, odd corresponding unidirectional magnetoresistance. At 15 K, for I=10 μA (or j=0.33 A m−1) B=1 T, it represents 0.5% zero...

While the usual approach to tailor behavior of condensed matter and nanosized systems is choice material or finite-size interfacial effects, topology alone may be key. In context motion magnetic domain walls (DWs), known suffer from dynamic instabilities with low mobilities, we report unprecedented velocities $&gt;600\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{m}/\mathrm{s}$ for DWs driven by spin-transfer torques in cylindrical nanowires made a standard ferromagnetic material. The reason robust stabilization...

Abstract Application of ultrashort voltage pulses to a tiny tool electrode under suitable electrochemical conditions enables precise three-dimensional machining stainless steel. In order reach submicrometer precision and high processing speed, the formation passive layer on workpiece surface during process has be prevented by proper choice electrolyte. Mixtures concentrated hydrofluoric hydrochloric acid are well suited in this respect allow automated complicated microelements. The...

An electrochemical pulse technique enables the fabrication of three-dimensional microelements from stainless steel. The method is based on application ultrashort (nanosecond) voltage pulses, whereupon reactions are locally confined with submicrometer precision. Employing properly shaped tool electrodes machining freestanding cantilevers or microstructures directly to a metal sheet. Due gentle removal material, grain structure material revealed without any chemical mechanical modifications....

Arrays of thermoelectric bismuth telluride (Bi(2)Te(3)) nanowires were grown into porous anodic alumina (PAA) membranes prepared by a two-step anodization. Bi(2)Te(3) nanowire arrays deposited galvanostatic, potentiostatic and pulsed electrodeposition from aqueous solution at room temperature. Depending on the method as consequence different growth mechanisms, exhibit types crystalline microstructure. arrays, especially those electrodeposition, have highly oriented structure uniformly...

Unbiased planar microwave circulators were fabricated by electrodeposition of NiFe nanowires into porous alumina templates. Microwave properties the devices are seen to depend drastically on height and newly developed exhibit improved features, compared existing nanowire-based designs. Thanks high anisotropy nanowires, zero-field circulation modes may be observed in a frequency range from 10 30 GHz, with isolation as large dB, well low insertion losses − 5 making it compatible industrial...

Cylindrical nanowires made of soft magnetic materials, in contrast to thin strips, may host domain walls two distinct topologies. Unexpectedly, we evidence experimentally the dynamic transformation topology upon wall motion above a field threshold. Micromagnetic simulations highlight underlying precessional dynamics for one way transformation, involving nucleation Bloch-point singularity, however, fail reproduce reverse process. This rare discrepancy between micromagnetic and experiments...

CoPt and FePt nanowire arrays were successfully prepared by electrodeposition into nanochannels of porous alumina membranes. The as-deposited alloy has a face centred cubic structure displays soft magnetic properties. Heat treatment at 700 °C for different durations, under vacuum condition was carried out in order to obtain the ordered tetragonal phase L10, exhibiting hard After annealing, nanowires actually show properties with coercive fields up 1.1 T room temperature. Phase...

This work investigates the structure and interface perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) of electrodeposited Cu/Co/Au(111) sandwiches with variable Co thickness [2--20 monolayers (ML's)]. In optimum deposition conditions, polar magneto-optical Kerr effect measurements show that axis easy magnetization is to layers for thicknesses below ca. 7.2 ML's. value among best ever reported structure. While extended x-ray-absorption fine indicates are hcp, in situ STM imaging suggests magnetoelastic...

Hydrogen production through direct sunlight-driven water splitting in photo-electrochemical cells (PECs) is a promising solution for energy sourcing. PECs need to fulfill three criteria: sustainability, cost-effectiveness and stability. Here we report an efficient stable photocathode platform H2 evolution based on Earth-abundant elements. A p-type silicon surface was protected by atomic layer deposition (ALD) with 15 nm TiO2 layer, top of which 300 mesoporous spin-coated. The cobalt...

Ordered arrays of magnetic nanowires are commonly synthesized by electrodeposition in nanoporous alumina templates. Due to their dense packing, strong magnetostatic interactions prevent the manipulation wires individually. Using atomic layer deposition we reduce diameter pores prior electrodeposition. This reduces interactions, yielding fully remanent hysteresis loops. is a first step toward use such for racetrack memories.

We report several procedures for the robust nucleation of magnetic domain walls in cylindrical permalloy nanowires. Specific features force microscopy contrast such soft wires are discussed, with a view to avoid misinterpretation magnetization states. The could be moved under quasistatic fields range 0.1--10 mT.

We have studied homogeneous cavitation in liquid nitrogen and normal helium. monitor the fluid content a large number of independent mesopores with an ink-bottle shape, either when pores is quenched to constant pressure or submitted decreasing at controlled rate. For both fluids, we show that, close enough their critical point, threshold good agreement Classical Nucleation Theory (CNT). In contrast, lower temperatures, deviations are observed, consistent reduction surface tension for bubbles...

Shadow x-ray magnetic circular dichroism photoemission electron microscopy is a recent technique, in which the photon intensity shadow of an object lying on surface may be used to gather information about three-dimensional magnetization texture inside object. Our purpose here lay basis quantitative analysis this technique. We first discuss principle and implementation method simulate contrast expected from arbitrary micromagnetic state. Textbook examples successful comparison with...

Polarized small-angle neutron scattering (PSANS) experimental results obtained on arrays of ferromagnetic $\mathrm{Co}$ nanowires ($\ensuremath{\phi}\ensuremath{\approx}13$ nm) embedded in self-organized alumina (${\mathrm{Al}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$) porous matrices are reported. The triangular array aligned is investigated as a function the external magnetic field with view to determine experimentally real space magnetization $\stackrel{P\vec}{M}(\stackrel{P\vec}{r})$ distribution inside...

P-type thermoelectric bismuth telluride nanowires were fabricated by pulsed electrodeposition in anodic aluminium oxide (AAO) membranes. Subsequently, the annealed at 423, 523 and 673 K an inert atmosphere for 4 h. With increasing temperature, it was observed that Te compound incongruently sublimates due to its high vapor pressure, leading disproportionation (from Bi2Te3 Bi4Te3via Bi4Te5). The crystalline structure of then investigated using XRD SAED, with nanowire compositions EDX attached...

Co and Fe nanowires and/or nanotubes are electrochemically synthesized through nanoporous membranes. By combining high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), filtered TEM techniques, their structural crystallographic characteristics precisely determined. The synthesis was shown to produce cigar-shaped single monocrystalline with a diameter of about 60 nm. All wires were surrounded by an epitaxial oxide layer (Co 3 O 4 or ) roughly 10 built up...

Abstract The power factors of bismuth telluride nanowires were determined. Large‐scale thermopower measurements the nanowire arrays performed under a constant thermal gradient. local electrical resistance individual inside alumina matrix was investigated at ambient conditions by conductive tip attached to an atomic force microscope (AFM). In order prevent oxide formation on tips, Au electrode segment electrochemically deposited onto nanowires. optimized structural properties led significant...

The Au(110) surface in electrochemical environment (0.1 M Na2SO4 solution) has been studied by situ reflectance anisotropy spectroscopy (RAS) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Three ranges of applied potential could be determined: negative (≈︂ —0.6 V vs. Ag/AgCl) where a clear (1 × 3) reconstruction is obtained; positive (≈︂0.6 V) the unreconstructed; intermediate displays both mixed 2) domains. significant differences RAS curves for differently reconstructed surfaces are attributed...

This work presents preliminary in-situ alternating gradient field magnetometry measurements at the electrochemical interface. The technique is used for first time real determination of magnetic state ultrathin layers during their growth. Electrochemical complement this study and structural information, using STM, presented to discuss behavior different films. Particular attention given magnetization anisotropy, results give evidence strong differences between M/Au(111) interfaces, with M =...