Data intensive analysis is the major challenge in smart cities because of ubiquitous deployment various kinds sensors. The natural characteristic geodistribution requires a new computing paradigm to offer location-awareness and latency-sensitive monitoring intelligent control. Fog Computing that extends edge network, fits this need. In paper, we introduce hierarchical distributed architecture support integration massive number infrastructure components services future cities. To secure...

The ubiquitous deployment of various kinds sensors in smart cities requires a new computing paradigm to support Internet Things (IoT) services and applications, big data analysis. Fog Computing, which extends Cloud Computing the edge network, fits this need. In paper, we present hierarchical distributed architecture integration massive number infrastructure components future cities. To secure communities, it is necessary build large-scale, geospatial sensing networks, perform analysis,...

This Letter reports on an ultraweak intrinsic Fabry–Perot interferometer (IFPI) array fabricated by a femtosecond (fs) laser for distributed sensing applications. Ultralow reflectors (<−60 dB) were obtained. IFPIs with different physical lengths showed identical temperature sensitivity (−1.5 GHz/°C). A test was conducted. No crosstalk between IFPI elements in the observed, implying device's utility as system. The possibility of using smaller bandwidths sensor interrogation experimentally...

To investigate the outcome and safety data of chemosaturation with percutaneous hepatic perfusion (CS-PHP) melphalan in patients liver-dominant metastatic uveal melanoma. This is a HIPAA compliant, IRB approved, retrospective study. A total 28 CS-PHPs were performed 16 individual (six men ten women, median age 63.1 years [range 49.1 to 78.7 years], one six CS-PHP procedures per patient) for treatment melanoma between June, 2015 December, 2018. All received cross-sectional imaging at baseline...

This letter reports a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) for distributed sensing applications fabricated using single-mode optical and femtosecond laser interrogated in the terahertz (THz) range. A theoretical model of device behavior was derived, which agreed well with experimentally observed behavior. In order to investigate utility THZ FBGs (THz FBGs) as modality, temperature tests were conducted. The results demonstrated sensitivity -1.32 GHz/°C detection resolution <;0.0017 °C. distribution test...

Background and aim: In recent years, there has been an increased interest in recording high-quality electromyographic signals from within the sockets of lower-limb amputees. However, successful presents major challenges to both researchers clinicians. This article details compares four prototypical integrated socket–sensor designs used record transfemoral Technique: Four configurations were constructed tested on a single amputee asked perform sitting/standing, stair ascent/descent, level...

This paper describes a series of terahertz-range weak reflection fiber optic structures engineered for distributed temperature and strain sensing applications. Four specific are described: an intrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometer, Bragg grating, phase-shifted grating fabricated with intact optical buffer coating. All four were using femtosecond laser micromachining system, which inscribed the within core single-mode silica fiber. Interrogation technique, signal processing, fabrication method,...

This paper describes a new physical unclonable function for identification, FiberID, which uses the molecular level Rayleigh backscatter pattern within small section of telecommunication-grade optical fiber as means verification and identification. The process via FiberID is experimentally studied, an equal error rate (EER) 0.06% achieved. Systematic evaluation conducted in term length ambient temperature. Due to its inherent irreproducibility, holds promise significantly enhance current...

Recent advances in optical fiber sensing techniques have demonstrated the utility of terahertz (THz) gratings as a modality for strain and temperature sensing. However, these remain reliant on use higher order resonant peaks, enhancing their sensitivity at cost limited dynamic range. The lower peak can lead to larger range accuracy. This letter reports π-phase-shifted THz Bragg grating, fabricated using femtosecond laser, capable detecting changes over substantially than previously reported...

This letter reports a multiplexed optical oil level meter using thin core fiber (TCF) cladding mode exciter. Weak reflection (<;-75 dB) was employed to probe external refractive index discontinuity at an air-oil boundary. The insertion loss of one sensor is <;3 dB. A linear relationship evaluated between the measurement position and absolute during oil-level test. System-level multiplexing capability demonstrated no crosstalk found sensors. system accuracy 0.16 mm.

Little is known about the associations between cardiovascular risk factors (CRF) and disc degeneration (DD).To evaluate potential association CRFs intervertebral DD in a population-based sample.A total of 400 participants from community-based KORA-study were assessed terms CRFs, specifically obesity, hypertension, diabetes, elevated LDL-c, low HDL-c, triglycerides, smoking status, alcohol consumption. The patients additionally underwent whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using...

This article describes a flexible, compact, semiconductor laser (SCL)-based optical frequency-domain reflectometry (OFDR) design, incorporating swept-laser linearization functions (both passive and active), in situ phase error evaluation function, compensation function. At the core of proposed fiber-optic Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) its electronic digitization components (photodetector zero-cross circuit) simultaneously perform all above mentioned functions. Benefitting from unique...

This paper reports a digitally integrated, self-trained predistortion curve finder for linearly frequency-swept semiconductor lasers. In this method, we introduce an iteration machine to train the laser current curves by utilizing feedback signals from laser's output. By measuring phase and frequency information of lasers, find that in our design can generate various high sweep velocities (THz/ms) lasers 1 s with error range less than π/2. method is universal at any velocity.

This letter reports a new fabrication technique to inscribe in-line, ultraweak waveguide structures. To the best of our knowledge, this is first time that an in-line grating structure has been fabricated within core optical fiber with intact buffer coating, allowing retain optimal mechanical properties, important consideration for strain and temperature sensing applications. Low energy pulses from femtosecond laser were adjusted avoid absorption while inscribing terahertz Bragg (THz FBG)...

This paper introduces an integrated fiber physical unclonable function (PUF) verification system based on a semiconductor laser source at substantially lower complexity and cost than existing alternatives. A sub-section consisting of linear frequency-swept is used in combination with optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR)/LiDAR-based measurement order to conduct identification via the unique Rayleigh reflection pattern section fiber. When using these patterns as PUFs, this technique...

This paper reports a reconfigurable architecture to generate and maintain the linearity of frequency-swept semiconductor lasers for both current rising (up-sweep) falling (down-sweep) edges, respectively. method combines passive active controls achieve high frequency-sweep using an integrated digital architecture. Both control utilize same feedback-the interferometric signal laser's output-which has frequency proportional laser velocity. is highly reconfigurable, allowing key parameters be...

The aim was to evaluate the accuracy of a prototypical artificial intelligence-based algorithm for automated segmentation and diameter measurement thoracic aorta (TA) using CT. One hundred twenty-two patients who underwent dual-source CT were retrospectively included. Ninety-three these had been administered intravenous iodinated contrast. Images evaluated algorithm, which segments TA determines corresponding diameters at predefined anatomical locations based on American Heart Association...

This Letter reports a sweep velocity-locked laser pulse generator controlled using digital phase-locked loop (DPLL) circuit. design is used for the interrogation of sub-terahertz-range fiber structures sensing applications that require real-time data collection with millimeter-level spatial resolution. A distributed feedback was employed to generate chirped pulses via injection current modulation. DPLL circuit developed lock optical frequency velocity. high-quality linearly excursion 117.69...

Primary pancreatic lymphoma (PPL) is of very rare occurrence as an extra nodal site Non-Hodgkin’s (NHL). It represents less than 1% NHL. Out which Burkitt pancreas a presentation. usually occurs in children and presenting adults uncommon. The prevalence not known the incidence significantly low. Clinical features PPL are predominantly nonspecific can become difficult with associated inflammation pancreas. Differentiation to adenocarcinoma important chemotherapy main stay treatment lymphoma....

We report a two-axis fiber inclinometer fabricated using an ultraweak terahertz-range Bragg grating. Three sensing grating structures were inscribed along single-mode optical femtosecond laser, bound together into array thermoformed plastic, and fixed to rotational stage. Inclination tests performed in which the was deflected from 0 1.7 deg. These repeated at eight azimuthal angles increments of 45 deg (from 315 deg). The standard deviation largest inclination angle error 0.048 stability 0.030

This letter reports an all-digital sweep velocitycontrolled pulse laser with enhanced bandwidth. A vertical cavity surface emitting was employed as the optical source. An phase locked loop designed and implemented using a field programmable logic array chip to lock velocity within each chirped pulse. temperature controller used tune operation enhance mode-hop-free bandwidth, resulting in total frequency excursion of 212.12 GHz constant 30.28 GHz/ms. The system further adopted interrogate...

Combination therapy using hepatic resection (HR) and intra-operative thermal ablation is a treatment approach for patients with technically unresectable liver malignancies. The aim of this study was to investigate safety, survival local recurrence rates tumors undergoing HR separate percutaneous MR-guided thermoablation procedure as an alternative approach.Data from all primary or secondary malignancies treated at single institution between 2004 2018 combined collected retrospectively...

This letter reports an all-electronic, low bandwidth swept frequency laser used to interrogate terahertz-range fiber Bragg gratings (THz FBGs) for distributed strain sensing applications. A feedback with current injection modulation was employed as the source. Using resulting narrow (~110 GHz) sweep, high accuracy measurements were achieved. In order experimentally investigate this concept, a test conducted using THz FBGs. During test, sweeping time limited less than 2 ms. Highly linear...

This letter reports a multiplexed optical displacement sensor using thin core fiber (TCF) exciter. The TCF exciter is followed by stripped single mode fiber. A small section of buffer used as the movable component along Ultra-weak cladding reflection (&amp;lt; − 75 dB) was employed to probe refractive index discontinuity between air and coating boundary. position change segment results in delay reflection. Thus, it measure with respect glass insertion loss one measured be less than 3 dB....