A5000877388- Plant and animal studies
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation
- Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
- Mathematical and Theoretical Epidemiology and Ecology Models
- Botany, Ecology, and Taxonomy Studies
- Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Plant Reproductive Biology
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Plant Pathogens and Resistance
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Plant and fungal interactions
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Yeasts and Rust Fungi Studies
- Insect symbiosis and bacterial influences
- Rangeland and Wildlife Management
- Botanical Research and Chemistry
University of Virginia
2015-2024
McCormick (United States)
2004-2024
Google (United States)
2009-2017
Freie Universität Berlin
2015
Institute for Advanced Study
2012
University of Sheffield
2009-2011
Emory University
2003
University of California, Davis
2003
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation
2003
Plant Industry
2003
1 Although its importance for plant mineral nutrition and nutrient cycling has long been recognized, the soil community rarely integrated into dynamical frameworks of populations, in spite abundant evidence involvement. The concept feedback may provide theoretical experimental tools investigating population ecology evolution plants. 2 A mathematical model demonstrates potential two divergent dynamics, with positive leading to loss diversity at a local scale negative maintenance. linear...
▪ Abstract Mammals are exposed to a diverse array of parasites and infectious diseases, many which affect host survival reproduction. Species that live in dense populations, large social groups, or with promiscuous mating systems may be especially vulnerable diseases owing the close proximity higher contact rates among individuals. We review effects density contacts on parasite spread importance promiscuity structure for evolution sexually transmitted diseases. Host organization system...
1 In laboratory microcosm experiments, co-occurring plant species were found to support very different rates of sporulation arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. These differences not affected by the time harvest, suggesting that they reflect host-dependent in fungal growth rates, rather than timing sporulation. 2 Spore counts field soil and estimates from sorghum trap cultures showed association AM fungi with particular host plants was positively correlated observed on those hosts experiments....
Species distribution models (SDMs) are numerical tools that combine observations of species occurrence or abundance with environmental estimates. They used to gain ecological and evolutionary insights predict distributions across landscapes, ...Read More
Insufficient genetic variability and the swamping effects of gene flow are inadequate explanations limits to natural selection.Comparison evolutionary responses in different populations subjected similar selective forces, comparison rare widespread species, marginal central all neglected research areas that bear on nature selection.Plant provide us with well-defined, operationally viable systems for addressing these comparisons.Several possible constraints range extension ecologically...
The behavioral and ecological factors involved in immune system evolution remain poorly explored. We present a phylogenetic analysis of white blood cell counts primates to test three hypotheses related disease risk: increases risk are expected with group size or population density, exposure soil-borne pathogens, mating promiscuity. White were significantly greater species where females have more partners, indicating that the sexually transmitted is likely be major factor leading systematic...
SUMMARY (1) The anther-smut fungus, Ustilago tiolacea, sterilizes its dioecious host plant Silene alba by transforming reproductive parts into stamen-like structures that produce and disperse spores. To examine the dynamics of plant-fungus interaction, a population S. in Virginia, U.S.A. was mapped, followed over two years, to study demography healthy diseased individuals spread disease. Additional field experiments explored processes spore dispersal floral infection. (2) number spores...
This study investigated the fitness effects of four mutations (npr1, cpr1, cpr5, and cpr6) two transgenic genotypes (NPR1-L NPR1-H) affecting different points systemic acquired resistance (SAR) signaling pathway associated with pathogen defense in Arabidopsis thaliana. The npr1 mutation, which resulted a failure to express SAR, had no effect on under growth chamber conditions, but decreased field. expression NPR1 positively correlated Constitutive activation SAR by cpr6 generally field...
Pathogens that infect multiple hosts are commonly transmitted by vectors, and their transmission rate is often thought to depend on the proportion of or vectors infected (i.e., frequency dependence). A model a two-host, one-pathogen system with frequency-dependent used investigate how sharing pathogen an alternative host influences pathogen-mediated extinction. The results show if there transmission, can be rescued from extinction presence second which it shares pathogen. study provides...
Studies of disease in relation to animal mating systems have focused on sexual selection and the evolution reproduction. Relatively little work has examined other aspects ecological evolutionary relationships between host social behaviour, dynamics prevalence infectious diseases; this is particularly evident with respect sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Here, we use a simulation approach investigate rates STD spread ranging from permanent monogamy serial polygyny or polyandry complete...
SUMMARY (1) Natural populations of Dryas octopetala show large site-specific variations in phenotype. The genetic and environmental basis for this variation was examined common-garden reciprocal-transplant experiments. Morphological characters were seedlings grown from seed a 'common garden' controlled growth chambers at the Duke University Phytotron. Adult plants three D. transplanted reciprocally sites along snowbank gradient mountains interior Alaska. (2) Several factors capable...
SUMMARY Induction of roots and shoots from leaves Plantago lanceolata L. using IAA is a very effective technique which could be extended to large scale cloning for vegetative propagation assay procedures in genecological studies on this other species. In P. , there were no differences between populations contrasting habitats with regard proportion producing shoots. There was high correlation zinc tolerance measured rooted equivalent tillers.
Most species seem to be completely resistant most pathogens and parasites. This resistance has been called "nonhost resistance" because it is exhibited by that are considered not part of the normal host range pathogen. A conceptual model presented suggesting failure infection on nonhosts may an incidental by-product pathogen evolution leading specialization their source hosts. contrasted with results from hosts evolving resist challenge pathogens, either as a result coevolution persistent or...