This paper uses a Probit regression model to empirically examine the characteristics of participants in upper-secondary technical and vocational education (TVE), relative academic schools. Using nationally representative dataset from China, this study finds that compared with schools, TVE tend come relatively disadvantaged family backgrounds, particularly terms parental levels. Given enrols significant proportion (38%) students at level, these findings call for government policies aimed...

The SnO2@Bi2O3 core-shell heterojunction structure was designed and synthesized via a hydrothermal method, the morphology of samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Based on conclusions from XRD SEM, it can be observed that as temperature increases, content Bi2O3 coated surface SnO2 spheres gradually diameter nanoparticles also increases. At 160 °C, are fully with nanoparticles. This paper investigated...

In nature, the lateral line of fish is a peculiar and important organ for sensing surrounding hydrodynamic environment, preying, escaping from predators schooling. this paper, by imitating mechanism canal neuromasts, we developed an artificial system composed micro-pressure sensors. Through simulations, optimized sensor structure was obtained pressure distribution models surface were established in uniform flow turbulent flow. Carrying out corresponding underwater experiment, validity...

Delivery systems smaller than 50 nm are advantageous for cancer prevention. In this study, curcumin was dissolved in shellac micelles following co-dissolving at pH 13.0 and neutralization using glucono-delta-lactone. With 5% w/v 0.5-5 mg/mL curcumin, the loading capacity encapsulation efficiency were up to 8.0 92.6%, respectively, nanocapsules had an average diameter of 20 nm. Differential scanning calorimetry, FTIR spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy results confirmed amorphous state...

Plant peptide hormones play various roles in plant development, pathogen defense and abiotic stress tolerance. elicitor peptides (Peps) are a type of damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) derived from precursor protein PROPEPs. In this study, we identified nine PROPEP genes the broccoli genome. qRT-PCR analysis indicated that expression levels BoPROPEPs were induced by NaCl, ABA, heat, SA P. syringae DC3000 treatments. order to study functions Peps salinity response, synthesized BoPep4...

In this article, we study resource optimization issues for hybrid energy harvesting massive multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) systems, where renewable harvested from surrounding environments is introduced as additional supply to the base station (BS) together with grid power. Our purpose maximize system efficiency preferential use of under several practical restrictions, such limited battery capacity, causality, quality-of-service (QoS) requirement, and transmit power constraints. An...

The critical environment of the underground mines is a risky zone for mining applications and it very hazardous to engage miners without sophisticated communication system. existing wired networks are susceptible damage wireless radio systems experience severe fading that restricts complete access entire assembly mine. Wireless optical better approach can be incorporated in erratic atmosphere overcome such issues, as lights already used illuminate mine galleries. This study focused on...

This paper investigates the application of nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) in millimeter-Wave (mmWave) communications to address resource allocation issues for multiuser downlink transmission. Inspired by K-means clustering algorithm, a NOMA user grouping policy is first employed accordance with channel correlation between users. The first-stage decoding order each group then determined merely utilizing users’ gain formulate joint power and hybrid beamforming optimization problem....

In the complex and dynamically varying underwater acoustic (UWA) channel, cooperative communication can improve throughput for UWA sensor networks. this paper, we design a reasonable relay selection strategy efficient cooperation with reinforcement learning (RL), considering characteristics of channel variation long transmission delay. The proposed scheme establishes effective state reward expression to better reveal relationship between RL environment. Meanwhile, simulated annealing (SA)...

In this paper, we present a channel estimation approach based on deep learning to solve the problem that orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system algorithm cannot accurately obtain state information in complex environment of mine, resulting performance degradation. First, LS matrix is considered as low-resolution image and actual high-resolution image. Then optimization achieved by FSRCNN super-resolution algorithm. We validate effectiveness proposed conducting experiments...

At present, 5G technology is gradually applied in coal mine applications.Under this circumstance, a microstrip patch antenna based on multi-branch structure firstly designed which can operate at the allocated for mine.Nevertheless, exhibits large size, even lowest operating frequency (0.41λ×0.41λ 2.51 GHz).To reduce size of antenna, three branches are separately bent into C, S, and L shapes from left to right, 0.33λ × GHz realized, i.e., 35% reduction achieved.To further achieve compact new...

Incontrast to the steady angle-dependent transmit beampattern of conventional phased array, counterpart a frequency diverse array (FDA) is basically time variant and range–angle coupled, which limits its potential application in many scenarios. In this article, we consider beamforming joint receive domains handle time-variant problem propose novel transceiver approach based on semicircular-FDA scheme. particular, scheme first established.In sequel, periodicities range angle dimensions are...

This paper proposes a high-order cumulant based digital signal modulation recognition algorithm, which uses the fourth-order of as feature parameter to calculate and obtain four signals 8PSK, 16QAM, 4PAM BPSK. And classification identification under Gaussian white noise channel, simulation results show that rate algorithm can reach more than 90% when number symbols is above 250 signal-to-noise ratio greater 10dB.

The hole transport materials that interact with the indium tin oxide (ITO) surface can be processed into monomolecular layers (MLs), which often exhibit different and electronic properties than their thin‐film counterparts. Herein, it is found poly[bis(4‐phenyl)(2,4,6‐trimethylphenyl)amine] (PTAA) films (R‐PTAA) easily ML (M‐PTAA) due to van der Waals interaction between ITO PTAA. However, compared R‐PTAA, work function (WF) conductivity of M‐PTAA are simultaneously reduced by charge...

Educational interventions are complex: Often they combine a diagnostic component (identifying student need) with service (ensuring appropriate educational resources provided). This complexity raises challenges for program evaluation. These interventions, which we refer to as mediation affect additional students receive that mediate the impact measured. Evaluations of these types programs solely report effects potentially misleading. Cost-effectiveness analysis clarifies importance assessing...

In practical scenarios, there are always array errors, which would increase the sidelobe level (SLL) of and distort performance electronic devices consequently. Nevertheless, most reported works do not take these unavoidable errors into consideration when implementing beampattern synthesis. To remedy this problem, a low synthesis approach is proposed in presence based on bat algorithm (BA). particular, covariance matrix region incorporated optimization problem. Generally, many factors that...

In this letter, a quad-band high-isolated MIMO microstrip antenna is designed for coal mine communications, which can operate at DCS1800, UMTS, WiMAX, WiFi, and 5G NR simultaneously.Firstly, the qual-band property realized by designing quaddent structure.In particular, three L-shaped branches (separately operating 2.6 GHz, 3.5 4.8 GHz) are successively loaded on monopole (operating 1.9 GHz).In sequel, symmetrically placing two structures with spacing of 0.19λ, designed.At time, isolation...