Orianna B. Ball
A5015223979- High-pressure geophysics and materials
- Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research
- Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- Advanced X-ray Imaging Techniques
- Advanced Chemical Physics Studies
- Laser Material Processing Techniques
- Solid-state spectroscopy and crystallography
- Crystal Structures and Properties
- nanoparticles nucleation surface interactions
- Thermodynamic properties of mixtures
- Scientific Measurement and Uncertainty Evaluation
- Chemical Thermodynamics and Molecular Structure
- Quantum, superfluid, helium dynamics
- Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
- Astro and Planetary Science
- Perovskite Materials and Applications
- Rare-earth and actinide compounds
- X-ray Spectroscopy and Fluorescence Analysis
- Advanced Materials Characterization Techniques
- 2D Materials and Applications
- Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Steels
- Ion-surface interactions and analysis
- thermodynamics and calorimetric analyses
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics
University of Edinburgh
2020-2024
Edinburgh College
2024
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
2020
Planetary Science Institute
2020
University of California, Berkeley
2020
University of Sheffield
2019
An experimental platform for dynamic diamond anvil cell (dDAC) research has been developed at the High Energy Density (HED) Instrument European X-ray Free Electron Laser (European XFEL). Advantage was taken of high repetition rate XFEL (up to 4.5 MHz) collect pulse-resolved MHz diffraction data from samples as they are dynamically compressed intermediate strain rates (≤10 3 s −1 ), where up 352 images can be collected a single pulse train. The set-up employs piezo-driven dDACs capable...
The high-precision X-ray diffraction setup for work with diamond anvil cells (DACs) in interaction chamber 2 (IC2) of the High Energy Density instrument European Free-Electron Laser is described. This includes beamline optics, sample positioning and detector systems located multipurpose vacuum chamber. Concepts pump–probe experiments DAC are described their implementation demonstrated during First User Community Assisted Commissioning experiment. heating Bi under pressure, obtained using 20...
X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) sources coupled to high-power systems offer an avenue study the structural dynamics of materials at extreme pressures and temperatures. The recent commissioning DiPOLE 100-X on high energy density (HED) instrument European XFEL represents state-of-the-art in combining x-ray diffraction with compression, allowing for compressed be probed unprecedented detail. Here, we report quantitative measurements molten Sn 85(5) GPa ∼3500 K. capabilities HED enable liquid...
We present 50-fs, single-shot measurements of the x-ray thermal diffuse scattering (TDS) from copper foils that have been shocked via nanosecond laser-ablation up to pressures above 135~GPa. hence deduce Debye-Waller (DW) factor, providing a temperature measurement. The targets were laser-shocked with DiPOLE 100-X laser at High Energy Density (HED) endstation European X-ray Free-Electron Laser (EuXFEL). Single pulses, photon energy 18 keV, scattered samples and recorded on Varex detectors....
We present 50-fs, single-shot measurements of the x-ray thermal diffuse scattering (TDS) from copper foils that have been shocked via nanosecond laser ablation up to pressures above ∼135 GPa. hence deduce Debye–Waller factor, providing a temperature measurement. The targets were laser-shocked with DiPOLE 100-X at High Energy Density endstation European X-ray Free-Electron Laser. Single pulses, photon energy 18 keV, scattered samples and recorded on Varex detectors. Despite being highly...
The ultrafast synthesis of ε-Fe3N1+x in a diamond-anvil cell (DAC) from Fe and N2 under pressure was observed using serial exposures an X-ray free electron laser (XFEL). When the sample at 5 GPa irradiated by pulse train separated 443 ns, estimated temperature delay time above 1400 K, confirmed situ transformation α- to γ-iron. Ultimately, reacted uniformly throughout beam path form Fe3N1.33, as deduced its established equation state (EOS). We thus demonstrate that activation energy provided...
Experiments accessing extreme conditions at x-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) involve rapidly evolving of temperature. Here, we report time-resolved, direct measurements temperature using spectral streaked optical pyrometry and laser-heated states the High Energy Density instrument European XFEL. This collection typical experiments, coupled with numerical models, outlines reliability, precision, meaning time dependent emission XFEL sources. Dynamic temperatures above 1500 K are measured...
Superconductivity near room temperature in the sulfur-hydrogen system arises from a sequence of reactions at high pressures, with X-ray diffraction experiments playing central role understanding these chemical-structural transformations and corresponding S:H stoichiometry. Here we document irradiation acting as both probe driver chemical reaction this dense hydride system. We observe between molecular hydrogen (H2) elemental sulfur (S8) under pressure, induced directly by illumination,...
Abstract Probing of reactive materials such as H 2 O ices and fluids at the high pressures temperatures planetary interiors is limited by unwanted chemical reactions confinement failure. Faster experiments can mitigate issues, but common approach adiabatic compression limits conditions achieved. This study demonstrates a fast experimental strategy for creation probing selected extreme states using static coupled with ultrafast X-ray laser heating. Indirect heating through use gold absorber...
Abstract The thermal conductivity of bridgmanite, the primary constituent Earth's lower mantle, has been investigated using diamond anvil cells at pressures up to 85 GPa and temperatures 3,100 K. We report results time‐domain optical laser flash heating X‐ray Free Electron Laser experiments from a variety bridgmanite samples with different Al Fe contents. demonstrate that or Fe,Al incorporation in reduces by about 50% comparison end‐member MgSiO 3 pressure‐temperature conditions mantle....
Self-assembly of excitonic nanostructures from excess cationic MAI:PbCl<sub>2</sub>perovskite solutions.
A new diamond anvil cell experimental approach has been implemented at the European x-ray Free Electron Laser, combining pulsed laser heating with MHz diffraction. Here, we use this setup to determine liquidus temperatures under extreme conditions, based on determination of time-resolved crystallization. The focus is a Fe-Si-O ternary system, relevant for planetary cores. This diagnostic complemented by finite-element model, reproducing temporal temperature profiles measured experimentally...
X-ray self-heating is a common by-product of Free Electron Laser (XFEL) techniques that can affect targets, optics, and other irradiated materials. Diagnosis heating induced changes in samples may be performed using the x-ray beam itself as probe. However, relationship between conditions created by inferred from irradiation unclear highly dependent on material system under consideration. Here, we report simple case study titanium foil irradiated, heated, probed MHz XFEL pulse train at 18.1...
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Alkali halide materials under high pressure are of fundamental interest, due to the number phase transformations they exhibit compression. For example, transition from wide band gap insulator into electrical conductor, observed in many insulators shock and static compression, has been poorly explored for alkali halides. Results early experiments pose a unresolved questions such as possibility non-equilibrium behavior at pressures. In this study we investigate optical properties halides NaCl,...