Rachel Husband
A5041805257- High-pressure geophysics and materials
- Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research
- Rare-earth and actinide compounds
- earthquake and tectonic studies
- Crystal Structures and Properties
- X-ray Diffraction in Crystallography
- Advanced X-ray Imaging Techniques
- Advanced Chemical Physics Studies
- Quantum, superfluid, helium dynamics
- Astro and Planetary Science
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Nuclear Materials and Properties
- Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics
- Earthquake Detection and Analysis
- nanoparticles nucleation surface interactions
- Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
- Planetary Science and Exploration
- Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism Studies
- Advanced Materials Characterization Techniques
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Inorganic Fluorides and Related Compounds
- Solid-state spectroscopy and crystallography
- Geological Formations and Processes Exploration
- Aluminum Alloy Microstructure Properties
Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
2018-2025
European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser
2023
Arizona State University
2022
Yonsei University
2022
University of Chicago
2022
University of Edinburgh
2012-2019
Harvard University
2018
In the last few years, superconducting transition temperature, T
The crystal structure of the thermoelectric material tin selenide has been investigated with angle-dispersive synchrotron x-ray powder diffraction under hydrostatic pressure up to 27 GPa. With increasing pressure, a continuous evolution from GeS type higher-symmetry TlI was observed, critical 10.5(3) orthorhombic high-pressure modification, beta'-SnSe, is closely related pseudo-tetragonal high-temperature modification at ambient pressure. similarity between changes elevated temperatures and...
Controlling the formation and stoichiometric content of desired phases materials has become central interest for a variety fields. The possibility accessing metastable states by initiating reactions X-ray-triggered mechanisms over ultrashort time scales been enabled development X-ray free electron lasers (XFELs). Utilizing exceptionally high-brilliance pulses from EuXFEL, we report synthesis previously unobserved yttrium hydride under high pressure, along with nonstoichiometric changes in...
Fast compression experiments performed using dynamic diamond anvil cells (dDACs) employing piezoactuators offer the opportunity to study compression-rate dependent phenomena. In this paper, we describe an experimental setup which allows us perform time-resolved x-ray diffraction during fast of materials improved dDACs. The combination high flux available a 25.6 keV beam focused with linear array compound refractive lenses and two GaAs LAMBDA detectors at Extreme Conditions Beamline (P02.2)...
We have studied the ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}\mathrm{O}$ ice VII--ice X phase transition at room temperature by performing three quasicontinuous synchrotron time-resolved x-ray-diffraction experiments in a dynamic diamond anvil cell, reaching pressures of 180 GPa. The dense pressure coverage our volume data allows us to directly derive bulk modulus for over entire range. Our document major changes compression behavior ranges 35--40, 50--55, and 90--110 GPa, likely corresponding formation...
An experimental platform for dynamic diamond anvil cell (dDAC) research has been developed at the High Energy Density (HED) Instrument European X-ray Free Electron Laser (European XFEL). Advantage was taken of high repetition rate XFEL (up to 4.5 MHz) collect pulse-resolved MHz diffraction data from samples as they are dynamically compressed intermediate strain rates (≤10 3 s −1 ), where up 352 images can be collected a single pulse train. The set-up employs piezo-driven dDACs capable...
The high-precision X-ray diffraction setup for work with diamond anvil cells (DACs) in interaction chamber 2 (IC2) of the High Energy Density instrument European Free-Electron Laser is described. This includes beamline optics, sample positioning and detector systems located multipurpose vacuum chamber. Concepts pump–probe experiments DAC are described their implementation demonstrated during First User Community Assisted Commissioning experiment. heating Bi under pressure, obtained using 20...
X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) sources coupled to high-power systems offer an avenue study the structural dynamics of materials at extreme pressures and temperatures. The recent commissioning DiPOLE 100-X on high energy density (HED) instrument European XFEL represents state-of-the-art in combining x-ray diffraction with compression, allowing for compressed be probed unprecedented detail. Here, we report quantitative measurements molten Sn 85(5) GPa ∼3500 K. capabilities HED enable liquid...
We present 50-fs, single-shot measurements of the x-ray thermal diffuse scattering (TDS) from copper foils that have been shocked via nanosecond laser-ablation up to pressures above 135~GPa. hence deduce Debye-Waller (DW) factor, providing a temperature measurement. The targets were laser-shocked with DiPOLE 100-X laser at High Energy Density (HED) endstation European X-ray Free-Electron Laser (EuXFEL). Single pulses, photon energy 18 keV, scattered samples and recorded on Varex detectors....
We present 50-fs, single-shot measurements of the x-ray thermal diffuse scattering (TDS) from copper foils that have been shocked via nanosecond laser ablation up to pressures above ∼135 GPa. hence deduce Debye–Waller factor, providing a temperature measurement. The targets were laser-shocked with DiPOLE 100-X at High Energy Density endstation European X-ray Free-Electron Laser. Single pulses, photon energy 18 keV, scattered samples and recorded on Varex detectors. Despite being highly...
Abstract It is qualitatively well known that kinetics related to nucleation and growth can shift apparent phase boundaries from their equilibrium value. In this work, we have measured effect in Bi using time-resolved X-ray diffraction with unprecedented 0.25 ms time resolution, accurately determining transition pressures at compression rates spanning five orders of magnitude (10 –2 –10 3 GPa/s) the dynamic diamond anvil cell. An over-pressurization Bi-III/Bi-V boundary observed fast for...
Liquid atomic metallic hydrogen is the simplest, lightest, and most abundant of all liquid metals. The importance nucleon motions or ion dynamics can be studied by comparing metallization phase lines dissociative insulator-metal transitions deuterium. We use static compression to study optical properties dense deuterium in pressure region 1.2--1.7 Mbars measured temperatures up \ensuremath{\sim}3000 K. At same (density) for two isotopes, this transition reveal a prominent isotopic shift...
Between 19 and 54 GPa, potassium has a complex composite incommensurate host-guest structure which undergoes two intraphase transitions over this pressure range. The temperature dependence of these phases is further complicated by the onset an order-disorder transition in their guest chains. Here, we report single-crystal, quasi-single-crystal, powder synchrotron x-ray diffraction measurements phenomenon to 47 GPa 750 K. so-called chain melting clearly visible 22 range, there are significant...
A laser heating system for samples confined in diamond anvil cells paired with situ X-ray diffraction measurements at the Extreme Conditions Beamline of PETRA III is presented. The features two independent configurations (on-axis and off-axis path) allowing a broad range experiments using different designs cells. power continuous source can be modulated use various pulsed or flash applications. An example such an application illustrated here on melting curve iron megabar pressures. optical...
Abstract In the last few years, superconducting transition temperature, T c , of hydrogen-rich compounds has increased dramatically, and is now approaching room temperature. However, pressures at which these materials are stable exceed one million atmospheres limit number available experimental probes - superconductivity been primarily identified based on electrical transport measurements. Here, we report definitive evidence Meissner effect – a key feature in H 3 S LaH 10 . Furthermore, have...
The ultrafast synthesis of ε-Fe3N1+x in a diamond-anvil cell (DAC) from Fe and N2 under pressure was observed using serial exposures an X-ray free electron laser (XFEL). When the sample at 5 GPa irradiated by pulse train separated 443 ns, estimated temperature delay time above 1400 K, confirmed situ transformation α- to γ-iron. Ultimately, reacted uniformly throughout beam path form Fe3N1.33, as deduced its established equation state (EOS). We thus demonstrate that activation energy provided...
A resistively-heated dynamic diamond anvil cell (RHdDAC) setup is presented. The enables the compression of samples at high temperatures by employing a piezoelectric actuator for pressure control and internal heaters temperature. RHdDAC facilitates precise rates was tested in experiments up to 1400 K pressures ∼130 GPa. mechanical stability metallic glass gaskets composed FeSiB alloy examined under simultaneous high-pressure/high-temperature conditions. High-temperature on H2O ice (Mg, Fe)O...
Using synchrotron x-ray diffraction, we show that the long-accepted monoclinic structure of ``collapsed'' high-pressure phases reported in seven lanthanide elements [Nd, Tb, Gd, Dy, Ho, Er, and (probably) Tm] is incorrect. In Tm collapsed have a 16-atom orthorhombic ($oF16$) not previously seen elements, whereas Nd it has an eight-atom ($oF8$) several actinide elements. $oF16$ $oF8$ are members new family layered elemental structures, discovery which reveals structural systematics...
Experiments accessing extreme conditions at x-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) involve rapidly evolving of temperature. Here, we report time-resolved, direct measurements temperature using spectral streaked optical pyrometry and laser-heated states the High Energy Density instrument European XFEL. This collection typical experiments, coupled with numerical models, outlines reliability, precision, meaning time dependent emission XFEL sources. Dynamic temperatures above 1500 K are measured...
High-resolution x-ray powder-diffraction experiments were performed on europium metal at high pressure up to 50 GPa. At variance with previous reports, the hcp phase of Eu was observed be stable not only 18 GPa, but 31.5 31.5(5) transforms a (Eu-IV) an incommensurately modulated monoclinic crystal structure superspace group $C2/c({q}_{1}0{q}_{3})00$. This new $\ensuremath{\sim}37.0\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GPa}$, where another transition observed. Eu-IV is first in lanthanide elements...
Superconductivity near room temperature in the sulfur-hydrogen system arises from a sequence of reactions at high pressures, with X-ray diffraction experiments playing central role understanding these chemical-structural transformations and corresponding S:H stoichiometry. Here we document irradiation acting as both probe driver chemical reaction this dense hydride system. We observe between molecular hydrogen (H2) elemental sulfur (S8) under pressure, induced directly by illumination,...
Abstract Probing of reactive materials such as H 2 O ices and fluids at the high pressures temperatures planetary interiors is limited by unwanted chemical reactions confinement failure. Faster experiments can mitigate issues, but common approach adiabatic compression limits conditions achieved. This study demonstrates a fast experimental strategy for creation probing selected extreme states using static coupled with ultrafast X-ray laser heating. Indirect heating through use gold absorber...