Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major source of morbidity and mortality in the United States. HCV transmitted primarily through parenteral exposures to infectious blood or body fluids that contain blood, most commonly injection drug use. No vaccine against hepatitis exists no effective pre- postexposure prophylaxis available. More than half persons who become infected with will develop chronic infection. Direct-acting antiviral treatment can result virologic cure 8-12 weeks all-oral...

Prior research has shown a gender gap in the evaluations of emergency medicine (EM) residents' competency on Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) milestones, yet practical implications this are not fully understood.To better understand evaluations, we examined qualitative differences feedback that male and female residents received from attending physicians.This study used longitudinal content analysis narrative comments by physicians during real-time direct...

The legal control of marginal groups is a central topic in social scientific and scholarship. Examining the most influential research produced over past two decades, as well broad collection foundational exemplary texts, this review addresses overarching questions: First, what does it mean to study twenty-first century? Second, are recent developments, lingering concerns, future directions work? We identify examine prevalent discussions found contemporary research. first centers on practices...

Research suggests that suicide can socially diffuse through social relationships and contexts; however, little is known about the mechanisms facilitate this diffusion. Using data from an in-depth case study of a cohesive community with enduring youth problem (N = 118), we examine how, after repeated exposure to suicide, community’s cultural script for may have been rekeyed such became more imaginable option some youth. Essentially, found evidence series sudden, shocking, deaths high-status...

Background: Children are a vulnerable population following natural disaster, due to their age and dependence on adults. The primary presenting problem children report after disasters is posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). Prior research suggests that PTSS inversely related social support, which often disrupted disaster. Objective: This study examined the relationship between support (from parents, teachers, peers) in affected by Hurricane Katrina. contributes literature examining...

Child maltreatment (CM) is a global public health problem. Evidence-based home visiting programs, such as SafeCare®, reduce CM risk, and enhance parent-child relationships other protective factors. As the result of COVID-19 pandemic resulting restrictions, SafeCare Providers transitioned from to virtual delivery for curriculum. The purpose this study 1) examine active Providers' opinions on feasibility effectiveness via remote delivery, 2) better understand workforce concerns human service...

Why do women continue to face barriers success in professions, especially male-dominated ones, despite often outperforming men similar subjects during schooling? With this study, we draw on role expectations theory understand how inequality assessment emerges as individuals transition from student professional roles. To this, leverage the case of medical residency so that can examine changes shape while holding occupation and organization constant. By analyzing a dataset 2,765 performance...

While many studies suggest that poor academic performance predicts delinquency, others have argued the relationship between and delinquency can be marginal, null, or even spurious. This study examines delinquent behavior among Korean youth within general strain framework, utilizing data from Child Youth Panel Survey. Using a sample of 2,378 students 95 randomly selected schools in Korea, KCYP survey examined students’ perceptions experiences regarding relationships with parents, teachers,...

Implementation of evidence-based parenting programs is critical for parents at-risk child maltreatment perpetration; however, widespread use effective limited in both welfare and prevention settings. This exploratory study sought to examine whether a technology-mediated approach SafeCare® delivery can feasibly assist newly trained providers achieving successful implementation outcomes. Thirty-one working or high-risk settings were randomized either SafeCare with Technology-Assistance (SC-TA)...

Drawing on two years of ethnographic fieldwork at a Midwest nonprofit organization, this project considers how “housing first” approach to homelessness operates in practice. I show formal implementation diagnostic tools and prioritized categories reinforces normative beliefs about gender vulnerability, which shape providers’ understandings what people have legitimate claims social support—or who, other words, are the “truly vulnerable” homeless. demonstrate that convergence organizational...

Background Firearms used in pediatric firearm deaths are most often obtained from the child’s home, making secure storage initiatives imperative prevention efforts. Evidence-based home visiting (EBHV) programs implemented with over 277,000 families annually, providing an opportunity for counseling. The purpose of this study was to assess EBHV providers’ experiences screening (“assessment”), counseling, and their perceptions related training needs. Methods Providers U.S. SafeCare®, program...

The impact of posttraumatic cognitions on the development and maintenance stress symptoms (PTSS) is understudied among children adolescents who have experienced commercial sexual exploitation/trafficking (CSE/T). objectives this study were to (1) explore help-seeking young people aged 11-19 CSE/T; (2) determine whether experiencing direct violence, witnessing polyvictimization (ie, multiple exposures different categories potentially traumatic events), or demographic characteristics...

Suicide is the second leading cause of death among adolescents in U.S., and risk factors include child maltreatment (CM), especially physical emotional abuse, in-home firearm availability ('availability'). However, research examining adolescent populations at-risk for CM limited. This study examines this population, association between availability, experiencing suicidal ideation. A multivariable modified Poisson regression model assessed relationship by age 12 at 14 using data from...

Background Family-based behavioral therapy is an efficacious approach to deliver weight management counseling children and their parents. However, most families do not have access in-person, evidence-based treatment. We previously developed tested DRIVE (Developing Relationships that Include Values of Eating Exercise), a home-based parent training program maintain body among at risk for obesity, with the intent eventually disseminate it nationally alongside SafeCare, support focuses on...

Hypothesizing the end of functional society by reading Durkheim and watching “The Walking Dead,” three scholars consider how low social integration moral regulation shape suicide risk at group level.