Thousands of pregnant people with opioid use disorder (OUD) enter US jails annually, yet their access to medications for OUD (MOUD) that meet the standard care (methadone and/or buprenorphine) is unknown.To assess availability MOUD treatment individuals in jails.In this cross-sectional study, electronic and paper surveys were sent all 2885 identifiable verified National Jails Compendium between August 19 November 7, 2019. Respondents medical custody leaders within jails.The primary outcome...

Rapid (2.5- to 3.5-h) enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) for the detection of Clostridium difficile toxins have been developed. We report results simultaneous testing 700 fresh stool specimens by tissue culture cytotoxin assay and four EIAs (Bartels Prima System C. Toxin A EIA, Cambridge Biotech Cytoclone A+B Meridian Diagnostics Premier TechLab Tox-A Test EIA). In cases disagreement, culturing toxigenic was performed. total 61 (8.7%) from 46 patients were positive toxin. The sensitivity 87%, that...

To understand how the punitive, rights-limiting, and racially stratified environment of incarceration in United States (US) shapes abortion desires, access, pregnancy experiences pregnant women, transgender men, gender non-binary individuals.From May 2018-November 2020, we conducted semi-structured, qualitative interviews with women prisons jails an supportive restrictive state. Interviews explored whether participants considered for this pregnancy; attempted to obtain custody; affected...

COVID-19 has greatly impacted the health of incarcerated individuals in US. The goal this study was to examine perspectives recently on greater restrictions liberty mitigate transmission.We conducted semi-structured phone interviews from August through October 2021 with 21 people who had been Bureau Prisons (BOP) facilities during pandemic. Transcripts were coded and analyzed, using a thematic analysis approach.Many implemented universal "lockdowns," time out cell often limited one hour per...

This study assessed attitudes toward HIV and awareness of previous prevention campaigns among young black men in the United States America (USA). The also ascertained appropriateness testing messages for explored use social networking sites to deliver media marketing campaigns. Nineteen (n = 19) male college students attending a public university Atlanta, GA, USA from September 2016 October participated three focus groups. groups consisted group interview querying experiences with STI...

Many pregnant individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD) spend time in jail, yet access to standard of care medications for OUD (MOUD) jail is limited. Though qualitative studies non-incarcerated and non-pregnant incarcerated demonstrate complexities that must be considered delivering effective care, pregnant, patients are lacking.

Abstract COVID-19 created acute demands on health resources in jails and prisons, burdening care providers straining capacity. However, little is known about how carceral decision-makers balanced the allocation of scarce to optimize access quality for incarcerated individuals. This study analyzes a national sample semi-structured interviews with custody officials (n = 32) decision-making authority 1 or more facilities during pandemic. Interviews took place between May October 2021. We coded...

Background: Pregnant individuals in incarcerated settings have unique healthcare needs. Rates of mental health, infectious diseases, and chronic disease are higher among nonpregnant women compared with those who not, but the prevalence these conditions pregnant people custody has not been documented. Objectives: The objective this study is to describe metabolic, infectious, health identify medical needs high-risk pregnancies US state prisons local jails. Study Design: This was a prospective...

Abstract Background Millions of people pass through U.S. jails annually. Conducting research about these public institutions is critical to understanding on-the-ground policies and practices, especially health care services, affecting millions people. However, there no existing database the number, location, or contact information jails. We created National Jails Compendium address this gap. In paper, we detail our comprehensive methodology for identifying jail locations information. then...

COVID-19 has been an unprecedented challenge in carceral facilities. As outbreaks spread the US early 2020, many jails, prisons, juvenile detention centers, and other facilities undertook infection control measures such as increased quarantine reduced outside visitation. However, implementation of these decisions varied widely across jurisdictions. We explored how decision makers grappled with ethically fraught public health challenges during pandemic. conducted semistructured interviews...

The COVID-19 pandemic had a large negative impact on people in U.S. prisons. Expedited releases from prison were one strategy used to decrease morbidity and mortality COVID-19. However, little is known about the reentry experiences of those being rapidly released custody early pandemic.We aimed examine perspectives former residents Federal Bureau Prisons (BOP) regarding release, reentry, reintegration into their respective communities. We conducted semistructured interviews with 21 recently...

Summary Black women who use substances face significant barriers to accessing resources and parenting their children, largely as a result of interactions with the criminal legal, child welfare, healthcare systems. While extensive literature has demonstrated how structural racism punitive policy approaches underpin operation impact these systems, minimal attention been paid social workers approach child, maternal, family well-being when interacting clients have incarcerated. To address this...

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic disproportionately impacted incarcerated populations, yet few studies have investigated the specific effects on pregnant people. This study compares people’s experiences of pregnancy and parenting in prison before during order to explore impacts this population. Methods We conducted semi-structured interviews with people at a state as part larger incarceration. Interviews explored participants’ decision-making related while incarcerated. secondary...

Background: Incarcerated perinatal populations report high rates of substance use in the United States (US). Despite this, disorder (SUD) treatment is not routinely available carceral settings and state policies related to provision screening are unknown. Methods: We conducted a systematic search WestLaw through end 2020 legislative session combining terms “pregnant” “postpartum” with for incarceration terms. The returned 453 statutes from 43 states. A deductive codebook various maternal...

Objective/background: Prisons and jails are high risk environments for COVID-19. Little is known about COVID-19's impact on pregnancy care the tens of thousands pregnant people who pass through these institutions each year. This study aimed to describe how COVID-19 has influenced prisons' jails' services. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey convenience sample U.S. prisons report descriptive statistics. Results: received 17 responses. Sites reported changes in prenatal delivery,...