We propose two types of intelligent reflecting systems based on programmable metasurfaces and mirrors to focus the incident optical power towards a visible light communication receiver. derive required phase gradients for metasurface array reflector orientations each mirror in achieve focusing. Based which, we irradiance expressions detector plane characterize their performance terms aiming focusing capabilities. show analytically that number elements along with relative source - dimensions...

This paper studies the temporal characteristics of intelligent reflecting surface (IRS)-based visible light communication (VLC) channel using radiometric concepts. Throughout this study, we account for delays experienced by transmitted power along continuum paths originating at source, passing through IRS, reaching detector. Then, derive impulse response multi-element phase-tunable metasurface and orientation-tunable mirror array-based reflector setups a general setting reflector, detector...

Visible light communications (VLCs), in general, and resource allocation for VLC networks particular, have gained lots of attention recently. In this paper, we consider the problem a downlink transmission system employing dynamic time division multiple access, where power variables are tuned to maximize spectral efficiency (SE). As operational conditions, impose constraints on average optical intensity, energy budget, quality-of-service. To solve non-convex problem, transform objective...

In this paper, we study the performance of simultaneous lightwave information and power transfer (SLIPT) systems in a multi-cell indoor scenario. We investigate energy harvesting data rate multiple users while meeting lighting constraints. To end, develop optimization frameworks that tune parameters transmitters or receivers to improve SLIPT system performance. Firstly, model relationship between tunable lens-based optical concentrator gain their fields view. Next, algorithms maximize...

The heterogeneity of optical wireless networks (OWNs) has expanded over decades in terms services, node densities, mobility requirements, bandwidth needs, responsiveness, and physical device profile. Consequently, incorporating dynamic reconfigurability into future OWNs can satisfy their diverse realm objectives. Towards this end, we provide our vision for the potential gains integrating tunable elements reflected energy consumption reduction, coverage customization, data transfer rate...

Recently, the use of uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs) in joint sensing and communication applications has received a lot attention. However, integrating UAVs current cellular systems presents major challenges related to trajectory optimization interference management among others. This paper considers multi-cell network including UAV, which senses forwards sensory data from different events central base station. Particularly, manuscript covers how design UAV's ( <italic...

The continuous improvement in optical energy harvesting devices motivates the development of visible light communication systems that utilize such available free energy.In this paper, an outdoor communications (VLC) system is considered where a VLC base station sends data to multiple users are capable energy.The proposed serves using time division access (TDMA) with unequal and power allocation, which allocated achieve illumination objectives.In setup, lighting objective maximize average...

This paper investigates the maximization of data harvested by an uncrewed aerial vehicle (UAV) that supports Internet Things (IoT) deployment scenarios.The novelty is we study feasibility battery-free UAV and IoT device where powered a ground laser source, devices are power beacon via bistatic backscattering.We aim to optimize trajectory while minimizing energy consumption throughout entire flight tuning radiated temporal profiles.Upon considering unspecified flying time, adopt path...

Optical wireless communications (OWC) in general and resource allocation OWC networks particularly have gained lots of attention recently. In this work, we consider the problem a visible light communication downlink transmission system based on time division multiple access with objective maximizing spectral efficiency (SE). As for operational conditions, impose constraints average optical intensity, energy consumption quality-of-service. To solve non-convex problem, transform function into...

Visible light communication (VLC) is a promising technology that can support high data rate services for outdoor mass gathering night events while permitting energy harvesting. In this paper, VLC system considered where transmitter sends to multiple users with harvesting capabilities. This multi-user scenario be supported using time division access (TDMA). The achievable rates TDMA are expressed in terms of the allocated resources per user, represented by average optical intensity and slots....

Multi-tier heterogeneous networks have become an essential constituent for next-generation cellular networks. Meanwhile, energy efficiency (EE) has been considered a critical design criterion along with the traditional spectral (SE) metric. In this context, we study power and spectrum allocation two-tier phantom network. The optimization framework includes both EE SE. We consider densely deployed model problem considering inevitable interference in setup imperfect channel estimation...

In this paper, we develop selective retransmission schemes for multiple-channel systems. The proposed are automatic repeat request with fixed bandwidth, chase combining limited bandwidth and variable bandwidth. main objective of the is to use available power budget effectively along deliver required data successfully within a number transmissions. To investigate performance each scheme, first analyze derive closed-form expressions average spectral efficiency (SE), energy (EE) delay scheme....

Multi-tier heterogeneous networks have become an essential constituent for next generation cellular networks. Mean-while, energy efficiency (EE) has been considered a critical design criterion along with the traditional spectral (SE) metric. In this context, we study power and spectrum allocation recently proposed two-tier network architecture known as phantom The optimization framework includes both EE SE, where propose algorithm that finds SE resource strategies Then, compare performance...

In this paper, we study the performance of simultaneous lightwave information and power transfer (SLIPT) systems multi-cell indoor scenario. We aim to investigate energy harvesting data rate multiple users while meeting lightning constraints. To end, develop optimization frameworks tune light emitting diodes average currents improve SLIPT system. Firstly, propose an algorithm maximize spectral efficiency (SE) subject lighting minimum harvested per user requirements. The proposed can be...

Objective: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of Fetal Intelligent Navigation Echocardiography (FINE) method by Five-Dimensional Ultrasound in automated fetal heart examination to conventional Two-Dimensional ultrasound second trimester pregnancy. Methods: 90 normal singleton pregnancies at were enrolled this prospective study. was examined (2D US) and (FINE). Paired numerical data compared using paired samples t test. Inter-method agreement for rating quality cardiac views 2D US or 5D...

Uncrewed Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) provide a compelling solution for data collection in Internet of Things (IoT) networks due to their mobility and adaptability. However, the line-of-sight dominance channels may result severe interference ground users during UAV operations. To address this, we present an optimization framework that concurrently optimizes trajectories transmit powers. Our approach efficiently results from variety IoT sensors while (a) minimizing UAVs flying time (b) mitigating...

The continual progress pace of the development Wi-Fi generations may not fulfill expected tremendous data growth future smart-home network devices and applications. Throughout this article, we show a comprehensive design futuristic that distributes massive for indoor while fully supporting intelligent functions. We start by drawing vision various application scenarios information communication technologies in networks beyond 2030s. Then, appraise technical specifications candidate home...

&lt;p&gt;This paper studies the joint trajectory and resource allocation problem for a laser-powered unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) assisted data aggregation framework. The considered system incorporates semi-passive nodes that establish their wireless communication links with UAV via bistatic backscatter communications enabled by battery-powered power beacon source. We aim to optimize while minimizing laser energy consumption throughout whole flight tuning radiated temporal profiles. Towards...

&lt;p&gt;This paper studies the joint trajectory and resource allocation problem for a laser-powered unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) assisted data aggregation framework. The considered system incorporates semi-passive nodes that establish their wireless communication links with UAV via bistatic backscatter communications enabled by battery-powered power beacon source. We aim to optimize while minimizing laser energy consumption throughout whole flight tuning radiated temporal profiles. Towards...