Rapidly developing remote sensing techniques are shedding new light on large-scale crop growth status monitoring, especially in recent applications of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Many inversion models have been built to estimate variables. However, the present methods focused building for each single stage, and features generally used vegetation indices (VI) or joint VI with data derived from UAV-based sensors (e.g., texture, RGB color information, canopy height). It is obvious these...

The real-world crowns of broadleaf tree species feature green leaves surrounding branches, resulting in leaf spatial aggregation effect the crown. However, impact such on chlorophyll content retrieval has not yet been determined. This study investigated two distinct apple orchards with open canopies. "PROSPECT + LESS" model was used for canopy reflectance simulation, and 25 hyperspectral vegetation indices (VIs) were analyzed to identify universal VIs various aggregations. Sensitivity...

In order to further improve the seeding performance of maize seed-metering device, a pressure-holding precision device for was designed. The is made up several seed rowing modules, which effectively solves problems inconvenient disassembly and complex maintenance current device. working principle introduced, mechanical kinematic analysis seeds during operation carried out. orthogonal test out with installation diameter device's guide plate, torsion spring's wire rotational speed as factors,...

As a key functional trait, leaf photosynthetic pigment content (LPPC) plays an important role in the health status monitoring and yield estimation of apples. Hyperspectral features including vegetation indices (VIs) derivatives are widely used retrieving biophysical parameters. The fractional derivative spectral method shows great potential LPPC. However, performance machine learning (ML) for apple LPPC still needs to be explored. objective this study is test capacity using ML methods...

Leaf area profiles (LAP) represent the green leaf per unit ground distributed with vertical layer, which is a key trait for guiding nutrition diagnosis, crop management and breeding. However, passive mono-angle optical sensors don't have direction information on LAP, makes spectral remote sensing can't capture canopy-scale from top to bottom. To meet this challenge, we present modeling framework decipher maize LAP imagery data. It first employed hybrid method derive LAI imagery, then...

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With the increase in frequency of extreme weather events recent years, apple growing areas Loess Plateau frequently encounter frost during flowering. Accurately assessing loss orchards flowering period is great significance for optimizing disaster prevention measures, market price regulation, agricultural insurance, and government subsidy programs. The previous research on orchard disasters mainly focused early risk warning. Therefore, to effectively quantify loss, this paper proposes a...

The Leaf Area Index (LAI) is a crucial structural parameter linked to the photosynthetic capacity and biomass of crops. While integrating machine learning algorithms with spectral variables has improved LAI estimation over large areas, excessive input parameters can lead data redundancy reduced generalizability across different crop species. To address these challenges, we propose novel framework based on Bayesian-Optimized Random Forest Regression (Bayes-RFR) for enhanced estimation. This...

A silicon/silicon carbide (Si/SiC) hybrid switch (HyS), comprised of a high-current Si insulated gate bipolar transistor and low-current SiC metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors, gains attention because it offers lower <sc xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">on</small> -state loss under both light heavy loads. However, the dynamic overcurrent stress experienced by HyS load has to be coped with avoid reliability degradation...

Plantation distribution information is of great significance to the government’s macro-control, optimization planting layout, and realization efficient agricultural production. Existing studies primarily relied on high spatiotemporal resolution remote sensing data address same-spectrum, different-object classification by extracting phenological from temporal imagery. However, problem orchard or artificial forest, where spectral textural features are similar their characteristics alike, still...

The geometric characteristics, physical parameters and contact of coated cotton seeds were obtained through theoretical analysis experimental measurements. A discrete element model reflecting the intrinsic was established, calibrated using Discrete Element Method (DEM), significant factors affecting stacking angle screened Plackett-Burman method. optimal ranges determined by steepest ascent method, a second-order regression established central composite design. following values for seeds:...

Poly(butylene/adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT), poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and up to 3.5phr triallyl iso-cyanurate (TAIC) were blended via melting process, the heat-pressed films of blends irradiated by gamma-radiation at an absorbed dose 50 kGy. The thermal behavior depended more on PLA than PBAT. tensile strength, elongation-at-break shape-memory reached maxima with 1.5phr TAIC 30 kGy dose.

To solve the current problems of poor seeding stability and complex maintenance maize seed-metering devices, a clamp-holding precision maize-seed-metering device is designed. The structure working principle are described, optimum state seed clamping analyzed, range each area determined. profile structural parameters limit guide plate designed by analyzing laws motion seed-picking block. A mechanical model seeds under critical in established. influence device's rotational speed force block on...

This article mainly uses the data provided by Wordle player to predict distribution of score results for a certain word in future. However, scoring have high uncertainty. There are many evaluation indicators and impact factors. In order more accurately, this paper proposes BP neural network prediction model based on genetic algorithm optimization(GA algorithm). We introduce three factors: time, prevalence each number repeated letters. determine topology, parameter GA, then train it. The...

This paper focuses on predicting the results of wordle players' data. Firstly, data is preprocessed according to provided data, ARIMA time series model constructed, ADF test conducted, and then correlation coefficient obtained for verification. The overall analysis made determine that meets requirements, future are predicted. Then, another fitting algorithm optimal function found through many attempts, its related parameters calculated, effect determined, subsequent Finally, we take...

With the progressive increase in penetration of power devices systems, effective transient thermal management modules (PMs) is essential to ensure reliable operation pulsed applications. This paper customizes a module using phase change material (PCM) and anisotropic graphite (TAG). Compared conventional PCM-integrated (PPM), additional TAG enables higher conductivity improves PCM's utilization under pulsed-power conditions. The simulation results show significant junction temperature...

At present, the development of real-time information collection technology in field fire protection is relatively lagging behind, which affects further improvement rescue efficiency. In this paper, integrated intelligent helmet taken as research object to solve problems such low level monitoring and existence blind area. The smart takes STM32 main controller core, uses nb-iot transmit collected environmental wirelessly, sends client through at command, provides basis for backstage commanders...

In this paper, two new type of flux reversal permanent magnet (FRPM) motors for hub motor are proposed to reduce leakage and increase utilization (PM). Both have the same rotor asymmetric stator, only PM placement is different. This paper analyzes compares airgap field under armature reveals contribution dominating harmonics torque. addition, effect dimension parameters on performance investigated. Finally, no-load load compared. It also compared with a surface-mounted (SPM) verify...