A5056400720- Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
- Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Mycotoxins in Agriculture and Food
- Plant Pathogens and Resistance
- Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
- Fungal Plant Pathogen Control
- Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Yeasts and Rust Fungi Studies
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Fungal and yeast genetics research
- Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
- Plant and Fungal Interactions Research
- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Plant Disease Management Techniques
- Plant Pathogenic Bacteria Studies
- Plant pathogens and resistance mechanisms
- Forest Insect Ecology and Management
- Genetics and Plant Breeding
- Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
- Plant and fungal interactions
- Opportunistic and Delay-Tolerant Networks
- Horticultural and Viticultural Research
ETH Zurich
2016-2025
Board of the Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology
2016-2024
University of Cape Town
2023
Planta
2023
École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
2002-2019
Swiss Integrative Center for Human Health
2007-2017
Agroscope
2017
Oregon State University
2016
Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University
2016
North Dakota State University
2016
Beneficial microbes in the microbiome of plant roots improve health. Induced systemic resistance (ISR) emerged as an important mechanism by which selected growth–promoting bacteria and fungi rhizosphere prime whole body for ...Read More
In February 2016, a new fungal disease was spotted in wheat fields across eight districts Bangladesh. The epidemic spread to an estimated 15,000 hectares, about 16 % of the cultivated area Bangladesh, with yield losses reaching up 100 %. Within weeks onset epidemic, we performed transcriptome sequencing symptomatic leaf samples collected directly from Bangladeshi fields. Reinoculation seedlings strains isolated infected grains showed blast symptoms on leaves but not rice. Our phylogenomic...
The wheat pathogen Stagonospora nodorum produces multiple necrotrophic effectors (also called host-selective toxins) that promote disease by interacting with corresponding host sensitivity gene products. SnTox1 was the first effector identified in S. nodorum, and shown to induce necrosis on lines carrying Snn1. Here, we report molecular cloning validation of as well preliminary characterization mechanism underlying SnTox1-Snn1 interaction which leads susceptibility. using bioinformatics...
Zymoseptoria tritici is the causal agent of Septoria blotch, a major pathogen wheat globally and most damaging in Europe. A gene-for-gene (GFG) interaction between Z. cultivars carrying Stb6 resistance gene has been postulated for many years, but genes have not identified. We identified AvrStb6 by combining quantitative trait locus mapping cross two Swiss strains with genome-wide association study using natural population c. 100 from France. functionally validated ectopic transformations....
Abstract Human activity impacts the evolutionary trajectories of many species worldwide. Global trade agricultural goods contributes to dispersal pathogens reshaping their genetic makeup and providing opportunities for virulence gains. Understanding how surmount control strategies cope with new climates is crucial predicting future impact crop pathogens. Here, we address this by assembling a global thousand-genome panel Zymoseptoria tritici , major fungal pathogen wheat reported in all...
ABSTRACT The genetic structure of field populations Mycosphaerella graminicola was determined across a hierarchy spatial scales using restriction fragment length polymorphism markers. hierarchical gene diversity analysis included 1,098 isolates from seven populations. Spatial ranged millimeters to thousands kilometers, including comparisons within and among lesions, fields, regions continents. At the smallest scale, microtransect sampling used determine distribution 15 genotypes found 158...
The Fertile Crescent represents the center of origin and earliest known place domestication for many cereal crops. During transition from wild grasses to domesticated cereals, host-specialized pathogen species are thought have emerged. A sister population wheat-adapted Mycosphaerella graminicola was identified on collected in northwest Iran. Isolates this grass 5 locations Iran were compared with 123 M. isolates Middle East, Europe, North America. DNA sequencing revealed a close phylogenetic...
Abstract Stagonospora nodorum is a major necrotrophic fungal pathogen of wheat (Triticum aestivum) and member the Dothideomycetes, large taxon that includes many important plant pathogens affecting all crop families. Here, we report acquisition initial analysis draft genome sequence for this fungus. The assembly comprises 37,164,227 bp nuclear DNA contained in 107 scaffolds. circular mitochondrial 49,761 encoding 46 genes, including four are intron encoded. contains 26 classes repetitive...
ABSTRACT Genetic resistance often fails because a resistance-breaking (RB) pathogen genotype increases in frequency. On the basis of an analysis cellular plant pathogens, it was recently proposed that evolutionary potential is major determinant durability resistance. We test this hypothesis for viruses, which differ substantially from pathogens nature, size, and expression their genomes. Our based on 29 virus species provide good representation genetic biological diversity viruses. These...
Abstract The relative contributions of sexual and asexual reproduction to the genetic structure populations can be difficult determine for fungi that use a mixture both types propagation. Nuclear RFLPs DNA fingerprints were used make indirect direct measures departures from random mating in population plant pathogenic fungus Mycosphaerella graminicola during course an epidemic cycle. resolved 617 different genotypes among 673 isolates sampled single field over 3-month period. Only 7%...
The fungus Mycosphaerella graminicola emerged as a new pathogen of cultivated wheat during its domestication ∼11,000 yr ago. We assembled 12 high-quality full genome sequences to investigate the genetic footprints selection in this and closely related sister species that infect wild grasses. demonstrate strong effect natural shaping genomes with only ∼3% nonsynonymous mutations being effectively neutral. Forty percent all fixed substitutions, on other hand, are driven by positive selection....
Abstract BACKGROUND: QoI fungicides or quinone outside inhibitors (also called strobilurins) have been widely used to control agriculturally important fungal pathogens since their introduction in 1996. Strobilurins block the respiration pathway by inhibiting cytochrome bc1 complex mitochondria. Several plant pathogenic fungi developed field resistance. The first resistance Mycosphaerella graminicola (Fuckel) Schroter was detected retrospectively UK 2001 at a low frequency QoI‐treated plots....
The necrotrophic fungus Stagonospora nodorum produces multiple proteinaceous host-selective toxins (HSTs) which act in effector triggered susceptibility. Here, we report the molecular cloning and functional characterization of SnTox3-encoding gene, designated SnTox3, as well initial SnTox3 protein. is a 693 bp intron-free gene with little obvious homology to other known genes. predicted immature protein 25.8 kDa size. A 20 amino acid signal sequence possible pro are predicted. Six cysteine...
Comparative analyses of pathogen genomes provide new insights into how pathogens have evolved common and divergent virulence strategies to invade related plant species. Fusarium crown root rots are important diseases wheat barley world-wide. In Australia, these primarily caused by the fungal pseudograminearum. genomic showed that F. pseudograminearum genome encodes proteins present in other cereals but absent non-cereal pathogens. some cases, cereal specific genes were also found bacteria...
Abstract We compared genetic variation and population differentiation at RFLP marker loci with seven quantitative characters including fungicide resistance, temperature sensitivity, pycnidial size, density, colony percentage of leaves covered by pycnidia (PLACP) lesions (PLACL) in Mycosphaerella graminicola populations sampled from four regions. Wide was found across the traits assayed. Fungicide PLACP displayed a significantly higher Q ST than G , consistent selection for local adaptation,...
Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markes were used to measure the amount and distribution of genetic variation in a fungal pathogen population on microgeographical scale. Ninety-three isolates Septoria tritici sampled from single wheat field assayed for RFLP using eight probes that hybridized loci one probe two nuclear DNA. Single locus multilocus analysis data indicated high level variability was distributed fine scale within this (...)