A5002633327- Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
- Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics
- Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- Mycotoxins in Agriculture and Food
- Genetics and Plant Breeding
- Yeasts and Rust Fungi Studies
- Plant Pathogens and Resistance
- Horticultural and Viticultural Research
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Fungal and yeast genetics research
- Plant pathogens and resistance mechanisms
- Bioenergy crop production and management
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Enzyme Structure and Function
- Plant Pathogenic Bacteria Studies
- Agriculture and Biological Studies
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Agricultural Productivity and Crop Improvement
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Semantic Web and Ontologies
- Agriculture, Plant Science, Crop Management
- Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction
- Enzyme Production and Characterization
Biologie et Gestion des Risques en Agriculture
2013-2024
Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement
2019-2024
Université Paris-Saclay
2016-2024
Département Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées
2024
Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées
2024
AgroParisTech
2010-2022
Institut National Agronomique de Tunisie
2020
Weatherford College
2020
Wageningen University & Research
2007-2017
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique du Niger
2015
Zymoseptoria tritici is the causal agent of Septoria blotch, a major pathogen wheat globally and most damaging in Europe. A gene-for-gene (GFG) interaction between Z. cultivars carrying Stb6 resistance gene has been postulated for many years, but genes have not identified. We identified AvrStb6 by combining quantitative trait locus mapping cross two Swiss strains with genome-wide association study using natural population c. 100 from France. functionally validated ectopic transformations....
Abstract Human activity impacts the evolutionary trajectories of many species worldwide. Global trade agricultural goods contributes to dispersal pathogens reshaping their genetic makeup and providing opportunities for virulence gains. Understanding how surmount control strategies cope with new climates is crucial predicting future impact crop pathogens. Here, we address this by assembling a global thousand-genome panel Zymoseptoria tritici , major fungal pathogen wheat reported in all...
Zymoseptoria tritici is the fungal pathogen responsible for Septoria blotch on wheat. Disease outcome in this pathosystem partly determined by isolate-specific resistance, where wheat resistance genes recognize specific factors triggering an immune response. Despite large number of known genes, molecular determinants involved such cultivar-specific remain largely unknown. We identified avirulence factor AvrStb9 using association mapping and functional validation approaches. Pathotyping...
Abstract Knowledge of genetic determinism and evolutionary dynamics mediating host-pathogen interactions is essential to manage fungal plant diseases. Studies on the architecture pathogenicity often focus large-effect effector genes triggering strong, qualitative resistance. It not clear how this translates predominately quantitative interactions. Here, we use Zymoseptoria tritici -wheat model elucidate mechanisms host adaptation. With a multi-host genome-wide association study, identify 19...
Abstract Background Investigations on plant-pathogen interactions require quantitative, accurate, and rapid phenotyping of crop diseases. However, visual assessment disease symptoms is preferred over available numerical tools due to transferability challenges. These assessments are laborious, time-consuming, expertise, rater dependent. More recently, deep learning has produced interesting results for evaluating plant Nevertheless, it yet be used quantify the severity Septoria tritici blotch...
The basal resistance of barley to powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei) is a quantitatively inherited trait that based on nonhypersensitive mechanisms defense. A functional genomic approach indicates many plant candidate genes are involved in the defense against formation fungal haustoria. It not known which these have allelic variation contributes natural resistance, because them may be highly conserved within species and act downstream reaction. Twenty-two expressed sequence tag...
Tomato powdery mildew caused by Oidium neolycopersici has become a globally important disease of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). To study the defense responses triggered mildew, we first mapped set resistance genes to O. from related Lycopersicon species. An integrated genetic map was generated showing that all dominant (Ol-1, Ol-3, Ol-4, Ol-5, and Ol-6) are located on chromosome 6 organized in three loci. Then, near-isogenic lines (NIL) were produced contain different Ol L. esculentum...
Abstract Inheritance studies on the nonhost resistance of plants would normally require interspecific crosses that suffer from sterility and abnormal segregation. Therefore, we developed barley–Puccinia rust model system to study, using forward genetics, specificity, number, diversity genes involved in resistance. We two mapping populations by crossing line SusPtrit, with exceptional susceptibility heterologous species, immune barley cultivars Vada Cebada Capa. These along Oregon Wolfe...
Partial resistance is considered race-nonspecific and durable, consistent with the concept of 'horizontal' resistance. However, detailed observations partial to leaf rust (Puccinia hordei) in barley (Hordeum vulgare) revealed small cultivar x isolate interactions, suggesting a minor-gene-for-minor-gene interaction model, similar so-called 'vertical' Three quantitative trait loci (QTLs), labelled Rphq2, Rphq3 Rphq4, that were detected cross susceptible L94 partially resistant Vada have been...
Genetic resistance to barley leaf rust caused by Puccinia hordei involves both R genes and quantitative trait loci. The provide higher but less durable than the Consequently, exploring or partial has become a favorable alternative for controlling disease. Four loci have been identified in doubled haploid Steptoe (St)/Morex (Mx) mapping population. Further investigations are required study molecular mechanisms underpinning ultimately identify causal genes.We explored using genetical genomics...
Due to their economic relevance, the study of plant pathogen interactions is importance. However, elucidating these and underlying molecular mechanisms remains challenging since both host need be fully genetically accessible organisms. Here we present milestones in establishment a new biotrophic model pathosystem: Ustilago bromivora Brachypodium sp. We provide complete toolset, including an annotated fungal genome methods for genetic manipulation fungus its plant. This toolset will enable...
Understanding the biology of infections requires knowledge about intricate molecular dialogue between plants and pathogens. Some components this are well-conserved across taxa interacting molecules can often be inferred by homology. Yet in all specialized plant-pathogen interactions, a substantial portion is based on proteins that unique to pathosystem (e.g. most effector proteins). Identifying these very challenging because pathogen gained genes encoding recent past share only minor...
Septoria leaf blotch is a foliar wheat disease controlled by combination of plant genetic resistances and fungicides use. R- gene-based qualitative resistance durability limited due to gene-for-gene interactions with fungal avirulence ( Avr ) genes. Quantitative considered more durable but the mechanisms involved are not well documented. We hypothesize that genes in quantitative plant-pathogen similar. A bi-parental population Zymoseptoria tritici was inoculated on cultivar ‘Renan’ linkage...
Partial resistance to leaf rust (Puccinia hordei G. H. Otth) in barley is a quantitative that not based on hypersensitivity. This hampers haustorium formation, resulting long latency period greenhouse tests. The three most consistent trait loci (QTL) uncovered the L94 x 'Vada' mapping population were introgressed by marker-assisted backcrossing into susceptible background obtain near-isogenic lines (NIL). We also developed reciprocal Vada-NIL for susceptibility alleles of those QTL. QTL...
Background Higher plants possess a large multigene family encoding secreted class III peroxidase (Prx) proteins. Peroxidases appear to be associated with plant disease resistance based on observations of induction during challenge and the presence or absence isozymes in resistant vs susceptible varieties. Despite these associations, there is no evidence that allelic variation peroxidases directly determines levels resistance. Methodology/Principal Findings The current study introduces new...
ABSTRACT Partial resistance is a quantitative type of that, by definition Parlevliet, not based on hypersensitivity. It largely pathotype nonspecific, although some minor isolate-specific responses have been reported. In order to elucidate the isolate specificity individual genes for partial resistance, three barley recombinant inbred line mapping populations were analyzed leaf rust fungus Puccinia hordei. The inoculated with one avirulent and two isolates virulent gene Rph7g. Six...
Tunisia is considered a secondary center of diversification durum wheat and has large number abandoned old local landraces. An accurate investigation characterization the morphological genetic features these landraces would allow their rehabilitation utilization in breeding programs. Here, we investigated diverse collection 304 accessions collected from five regions three climate stages central southern Tunisia.Durum were morphologically characterized using 12 spike- grain-related traits. A...
Quantitative resistance is considered more durable than qualitative as it does not involve major genes that can be easily overcome by pathogen populations, but rather a combination of with lower individual effect. This durability means quantitative could an interesting tool for breeding crops would systematically require phytosanitary products. has yet to reveal all its intricacies. Here, we delve into the case wheat/Septoria tritici blotch (STB) pathosystem. Using population resulting from...
The potential of the model grass Brachypodium distachyon L. (Brachypodium) for studying grass–pathogen interactions is still underexploited. We aimed to identify genomic regions in associated with quantitative resistance false brome rust fungus Puccinia brachypodii . inbred lines Bd3-1 and Bd1-1, differing their level P. brachypodii, were crossed develop an F 2 population. This was evaluated reaction a virulent isolate at both seedling advanced growth stages. To validate results obtained on...