A5051447747- Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
- Genetics and Plant Breeding
- Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics
- Horticultural and Viticultural Research
- Yeasts and Rust Fungi Studies
- Agriculture, Plant Science, Crop Management
- Mycotoxins in Agriculture and Food
- Crop Yield and Soil Fertility
- Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
- Agriculture and Rural Development Research
- Berry genetics and cultivation research
- Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
- Plant Pathogens and Resistance
- Agriculture and Biological Studies
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Rabbits: Nutrition, Reproduction, Health
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Insect Resistance and Genetics
- Agronomic Practices and Intercropping Systems
- African Botany and Ecology Studies
- Agricultural pest management studies
Biologie et Gestion des Risques en Agriculture
2014-2024
Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement
2022-2024
Université Paris-Saclay
2016-2024
AgroParisTech
2017-2022
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique
1994-2014
Laboratoire Physiologie Cellulaire & Végétale
1982-2006
Aggressiveness, the quantitative component of pathogenicity, and its role in adaptation plant pathogens are still insufficiently investigated. Using mainly examples biotrophic necrotrophic fungal cereals Phytophthora infestans on potato, empirical knowledge nature aggressiveness components their evolution response to host environment is reviewed. Means measuring considered, as well sources environmental variance these traits. The adaptive potential evaluated by reviewing evidence for...
Abstract Knowledge of genetic determinism and evolutionary dynamics mediating host-pathogen interactions is essential to manage fungal plant diseases. Studies on the architecture pathogenicity often focus large-effect effector genes triggering strong, qualitative resistance. It not clear how this translates predominately quantitative interactions. Here, we use Zymoseptoria tritici -wheat model elucidate mechanisms host adaptation. With a multi-host genome-wide association study, identify 19...
Isolates of wheat leaf rust collected from durum and bread cultivars in France during 1999-2002 were analyzed for virulence on 18 Thatcher lines with single genes resistance (Lr genes). Sampling focused the five most widely grown (two susceptible three resistant) to allow statistical comparison diversity indexes between cultivars. Leaf populations wheats different. The pathotypes, as measured by Shannon index, ranged 2.43 2.76 over 4 years. Diversity was limited host since we postulated only...
• In plant pathology, the idea of designing variety management strategies at scale cultivated landscapes is gaining more and attention. This requires identification effects that take place large scales on host pathogen populations. Here, we show how landscape varietal composition influences resistance level (as measured in field) most grown wheat varieties by altering structure For this purpose, jointly analysed three datasets describing leaf rust pathosystem (Puccinia triticina/Triticum...
The objective of this study was to determine whether genetically differentiated groups Puccinia triticina are present in Europe. In total, 133 isolates P. collected from western Europe, central Europe and Turkey were tested for virulence on 20 lines wheat with single leaf rust resistance genes, molecular genotypes 23 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. After removal identical SSR genotype within countries, 121 retained further analysis. Isolates grouped based using a Bayesian approach...
The aim of this study was to find molecular markers (RAPD and SCAR) for the wheat leaf rust resistance gene Lr24. A backcross line, RL 6064, possessing a single (Lr24) its recurrent parent 'Thatcher' were used RAPD linked Lr24 gene. Among 125 primers tested, only one (OP-H5) detected an additional band in resistant line 6064. genetic linkage marker tested on segregating F2 population derived from cross between 6064 susceptible 'Chinese Spring'. This showed complete more reliable specific...
Experimental evidence on the capacity of pathogen populations to quantitatively adapt their hosts and life traits that are involved is lacking at this time. In article, we identified a situation in which leaf rust pathotype (P1) was found high frequency widely grown cultivar (Soissons) tested hypothesis P1 more aggressive Soissons than other virulent pathotypes (P2 P3). Several components cycle were measured adult wheat plants two different experiments under greenhouse conditions: latent...
Many plant pathogenic fungi have a global distribution across diverse ecological zones and agricultural production systems. Puccinia triticina, the wheat leaf rust fungus, is major pathogen in many areas of world. The objective this research was to determine genetic relatedness P. triticina different worldwide regions. A total 831 single-uredinial isolates collected from 11 regions were characterized for multilocus genotype at 23 simple sequence repeat loci virulence 20 lines with single...
No internationally agreed differential set is available for characterization of virulences in populations Puccinia triticina causing wheat leaf rust on durum wheat. In a first step, 73 potentially host genotypes were tested with 96 isolates collected France. A set, adapted to the local epidemiological context and useful comparison international studies was selected, including French commercial cultivars, Thatcher lines Lr genes, cultivars. second sample 310 France from 1999 2009...
The aim of this study was to investigate the potential diversity and pathogen‐specificity sources quantitative resistance leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina in French wheat germplasm. From a set 86 genotypes displaying range levels during field epidemics, eight were selected challenged greenhouse with three isolates pathogen, belonging different pathotypes. Five components assessed: infection efficiency, for which an original methodology developed, latent period, lesion size, spore...
Abstract The efficiency of plant resistance to fungal pathogen populations is expected decrease over time, due their evolution with an increase in the frequency virulent or highly aggressive strains. This dynamics may differ depending on scale investigated (annual pluriannual), particularly for annual crop pathogens both sexual and asexual reproduction cycles. We assessed this time‐scale effect, by comparing aggressiveness changes a local Zymoseptoria tritici population 8‐month cropping...
Puccinia triticina reproduces asexually in France and thus individual genotype is the unit of selection. A strong link has been observed between identities (as assessed by microsatellite markers) pathotypes (pools individuals with same combination qualitative virulence factors). Here, we tested whether differences quantitative traits aggressiveness could be detected within those clonal lineages comparing isolates identical pathotype profile. Pairs belonging to different were compared for...
Abstract Puccinia triticina is a highly damaging wheat pathogen. The efficacy of leaf rust control by genetic resistance mitigated the adaptive capacity pathogen, expressed as changes in its virulence combinations (pathotypes). An extensive P . population survey has been carried out France over last 30 years, describing evolutionary dynamics this pathogen response to cultivar deployment. We analysed data set for 2006–2016 period determine relationship between Lr genes cultivars and...
The epidemic simulator EPIMUL was modified and used to study how induced resistance affected the development of epidemics in host mixtures. In model, resulted from interaction tissue with avirulent spores caused a reduction efficacy virulent deposited afterwards. We denned three parameters describe resistance: level protection, defined as magnitude spore for infecting tissue; surface area protected by an one spore; duration protection tissue, days. our simulations, slowed gave better disease...
Abstract Controlled‐environment experiments and computerized simulations on wheat yellow rust brown epidemics indicated that mixtures of resistant susceptible hosts controlled parasites with small lesions more effectively than large lesions. Experiments were conducted seedlings, during two parasitic cycles. Yellow about 200 times larger those rust. The measured efficacy seedling in reducing disease spread was 22 % for 46 Computerized suggested that, a given quantity inoculum, mixture limited...
Lesion growth varies among foliar parasites and in order to study the effect of lesion on efficacy host mixtures control epidemics, we altered epidemic simulator Epimul by integrating a function into model. A theoretical was performed simulating epidemics caused with different rates, spore dispersal gradients multiplication rates. We found that increases rates resulted large decreases effectiveness for disease interacted strongly parasite rate gradient. The decline mixture high reduced when...