Leaf rust, caused by Puccinia triticina (Pt), and stripe P. striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), are destructive foliar diseases of wheat worldwide. Breeding for disease resistance is the preferred strategy managing both diseases. The continued emergence new races Pt Pst requires a constant search sources resistance. Here we report genome-wide association analysis 567 winter (Triticum aestivum) landrace accessions using Infinium iSelect 9K SNP array to identify loci associated with seedling...

The rpg4 gene confers recessive resistance to several races of wheat stem rust (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici) and Rpg5 provides dominant against isolates the rye (P. secalis) in barley. genes are tightly linked on chromosome 5H, positional cloning using high-resolution populations clearly separated genes, unambiguously identifying Rpg5; however, identity remained unclear. High-resolution genotyping critical recombinants at rpg4/Rpg5 locus, designated here as rpg4-mediated locus (RMRL)...

Leaf rust (caused by Erikss. []) is increasingly impacting durum wheat ( L. var. ) production with the recent appearance of races virulence to widely grown cultivars in many producing areas worldwide. A highly virulent race on was recently detected Kansas. This may spread northern Great Plains, where most US produced. The objective this study identify sources resistance several from United States and Mexico at seedling stage greenhouse adult field experiments. Genome-wide association (GWAS)...

Abstract Long range atmospheric transport is an important pathway for the spread of plant pathogens, such as rust fungi which can devastate cereal crop health and food security worldwide. In recent years, serious concern has been caused by evolution new virulent races Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici , a pathogen causing wheat stem that result in close to 100% yield losses on susceptible cultivars favourable weather conditions. We applied Earth system model compare suitability current...

Abstract Background Genetic improvement of root system architecture is essential to improve water and nutrient use efficiency crops or boost their productivity under stress non-optimal soil conditions. One hundred ninety-two Ethiopian durum wheat accessions comprising 167 historical landraces 25 modern cultivars were assembled for GWAS analysis identify QTLs (RSA) traits genotyped with a high-density 90 K SNP array by Illumina. Results Using non-roll, paper-based phenotyping platform, total...

Many plant pathogenic fungi have a global distribution across diverse ecological zones and agricultural production systems. Puccinia triticina, the wheat leaf rust fungus, is major pathogen in many areas of world. The objective this research was to determine genetic relatedness P. triticina different worldwide regions. A total 831 single-uredinial isolates collected from 11 regions were characterized for multilocus genotype at 23 simple sequence repeat loci virulence 20 lines with single...

Leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina Erikss. (Pt) and stem graminis f. sp. tritici & E. Henn (Pgt) are serious constraints to production of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L). The objective this study was identify leaf resistance (Lr) (Sr) genes/QTL in Portuguese landrace PI 192051. Four Pt-isolates, representing three virulence phenotypes (BBBQJ, BBBSJ EEEEE) six Pgt-races TTKSK, JRCQC, TKTTF, QFCFC, TPMKC TMLKC were used evaluate 180 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from the cross...

Wheat landraces provide a source of genetic variability for breeding. The emergence and spread highly virulent races the stem rust pathogen (Ug99 race group Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici) threaten wheat production globally. Spring were screened resistance in eight field seasons at Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, Njoro, where Ug99 has become endemic. Accessions showing one season retested with molecular markers associated genes Sr2, Sr24, Sr36, Lr34/Yr18; two height-reducing genes;...

Collections of Puccinia triticina, the wheat leaf rust fungus, were obtained from tetraploid and hexaploid in central highlands Ethiopia, a smaller number Kenya, 2011 to 2013, order determine genetic diversity this pathogen center host diversity. Single-uredinial isolates derived tested for virulence phenotype 20 lines Thatcher that differ single resistance genes molecular genotypes with 10 simple sequence repeat (SSR) primers. Nine phenotypes described among 193 virulence. Phenotype BBBQJ,...

Stem rust of wheat caused by Puccinia graminis Pers. f.sp. trtici Eriks and E. Henn., is the most damaging fungal disease both common ( Triticum aestivum L.) durum turgidum L., ssp. Durum) wheat. Continuously emerging races virulent to many commercially deployed qualitative resistance genes have remarkable loss worldwide threaten global production. The objectives this study were evaluate response a panel 283 lines assembled International Maize Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) multiple stem...

Management of oat crown rust disease with host resistance is challenging because major gene generally short lived. Partially resistant cultivars could benefit growers by providing more durable resistance. The objective this study was to validate and discover quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting in the partially line MN841801-1 using conventional molecular assessments produced single-race greenhouse inoculations, polycyclic field tests, under natural infection disease-conducive...

Bean rust, caused by the fungus Uromyces appendiculatus, is a major constraint for common bean production worldwide. Virulence of U. appendiculatus collected from wild and cultivated Phaseolus spp. was examined in 28 locations across Honduras. Host accessions representing domesticated at same sampling were evaluated resistance against appendiculatus. In total, 91 pathotypes identified 385 isolates according to their virulence on each 12 host differentials. No significant difference pathogen...

The USDA–ARS National Small Grains Collection (NSGC) maintains germplasm representing global diversity of small grains and their wild relatives. To evaluate the utility NSGC durum wheat ( Triticum turgidum L. ssp. ) accessions, we assessed genetic linkage disequilibrium (LD) patterns in a core subset containing 429 lines with spring growth habit originating from 64 countries worldwide. Genetic estimated using single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers showed considerable captured this...

Providing wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) growers and industry with adapted cultivars high‐quality attributes is essential for maintaining as a competitive crop in the spring‐wheat growing region of USA. Therefore, our breeding program aims to develop modern using both traditional tools. ‘Prosper’ (Reg. No. CV‐1080, PI 662387) hard red spring was developed at North Dakota State University released jointly by Agricultural Experiment Station Minnesota because its good adaptation...

Puccinia helianthi, causal agent of sunflower rust, is a macrocyclic and autoecious pathogen. Widespread sexual reproduction P. helianthi was documented in North Dakota Nebraska for the first time 2008 has since frequently occurred. Concurrently, an increase rust incidence, severity, subsequent yield loss on occurred 2008. Rust can be managed with resistance genes but determination virulence phenotypes important effective gene deployment hybrid selection. However, only data available United...

Histological examination using fluorochromes is one of the standard methods for observation microorganisms in tissues and other compartments. In study fungi, especially those that cannot be cultured axenic media such as biotrophic histological processes associated with fungal growth, differentiation, infection cellular functions can lead to better understanding host-parasite interactions. Fluorescence microscopy coupled Fluorochrome Uvitex 2B have been extensively utilized rust fungi...

Wheat landrace PI 177906 has seedling resistance to stem rust caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici races TTKSK, TTKST, and BCCBC field the Ug99 race group. Parents, 140 recombinant inbred lines, 138 double haploid (DH) lines were evaluated for TTKSK BCCBC. Parents DH population in Kenya. The 90K wheat single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping platform was used genotype parents populations. Goodness-of-fit tests indicated that two dominant genes conditioned TTKSK. Two major loci...