Accelerated wheat development and deployment of high-yielding, climate resilient, disease resistant cultivars can contribute to enhanced food security sustainable intensification. To facilitate gene discovery, we assembled an association mapping panel 528 spring landraces diverse geographic origin for a genome-wide study (GWAS). All accessions were genotyped using Illumina Infinium 9K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip 4781 polymorphic SNPs used analysis. identify loci underlying...

Restriction fragment length polymorphism and virulence analyses were used to evaluate the population structure of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, rice bacterial blight pathogen, from several rice-growing countries in Asia. Two DNA sequences X. IS1112, an insertion sequence, avrXa10, a member family avirulence genes, as probes analyze genomes 308 strains collected China, India, Indonesia, Korea, Malaysia, Nepal, Philippines. On basis consensus three clustering statistics, collection formed...

Of 102 rhizoplane and endophytic bacteria isolated from rice roots stems in California, 37% significantly (P [Formula: see text] 0.05) inhibited the growth vitro of two pathogens, Achlya klebsiana Pythium spinosum, causing seedling disease rice. Four strains were highly effective against pouch assays, these identified as Pseudomonas fluorescens (S3), tolaasii (S20), veronii (S21), Sphingomonas trueperi (S12) by sequencing amplified 16S rRNA genes. Strains S12, S20, S21 contained nitrogen...

Bacterial leaf streak (BLS), caused by Xanthomonas translucens pv. undulosa (Smith et al.) Bragard al., and spot blotch (SB), Cochliobolus sativus (S. Ito & Kurib.) Drechs. ex Dastur, are two emerging diseases of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). To achieve sustainable disease management strategies reduce yield losses, identifying new genes that confer quantitative resistance would benefit breeding efforts. The main objective this study was to use association mapping (AM) with 832 polymorphic...

Assessment of variability Ascochyta rabiei (teleomorph: Didymella rabiei) was based on virulence tests 40 isolates and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis 39 from Canada. In addition, A. other countries were assessed in the (18 isolates) RAPD (20 analyses. Seven lentis (teleo-morph: lentis) two pinodes Mycosphaerella pinodes) also included analysis. Significant line-isolate interactions indicated that certain virulent only lines. Canadian grouped into 14 pathotypes using eight...

Septoria tritici leaf blotch (STB), caused by the ascomycete Mycosphaerella graminicola (anamorph tritici), is an economically important disease of wheat. Breeding for resistance to STB most effective means control this and can be facilitated through use molecular markers. However, markers linked genes are not yet available. This study was conducted test in parents a standard wheat mapping population map any identified. The consisted 130 F 10 recombinant-inbred lines (RILs) from cross...

Abstract Sources of resistance to Fusarium head blight (FHB) in wheat are mostly restricted Chinese hexaploid genotypes. The effort incorporate the from or wild relatives cultivated durum (Triticum turgidum L. var. Desf.) have not been successful providing level donor parents. In this study, we used 171 BC1F6 and 169 BC1F7 lines derived crossing four Tunisian tetraploid sources (Tun7, Tun18, Tun34, Tun36) with cultivars ‘Ben,’ ‘Maier,’ ‘Lebsock,’ ‘Mountrail’ for association studies. Tun18...

Tan spot, caused by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, is an important foliar disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum) worldwide. In a preliminary study, P. tritici-repentis isolates from Arkansas were shown to vary in virulence relative other regions the United States. Therefore, aim current study was characterize both pathogenic and molecular variations Arkansas. The 93 evaluated inoculating five differential cultivars/lines. Based on phenotypes, 63 classified as race 1, 30 assigned 3. A subset 42...

Botrytis cinerea is a fungal pathogen that affects over 1,400 plant species and causes significant damage to crops. It also responsible for causing gray mold in small fruits, such as blueberries strawberries. In this study, four isolates of B. were collected (two from blueberry andblueberry two strawberry) North Carolina. Their genomes sequenced using Illumina paired-end sequencing. The core genome the was analyzed their carbohydrate-active enzymes, secretomes, effectors, secondary...

Colletotrichum is a large genus of fungal phytopathogens responsible for significant economic losses in numerous crops globally. These pathogens exhibit varying host specificities; some have broad range, while others are more limited. To explore the genetic composition and underlying factors virulence pathogenicity, we sequenced genomes seven isolates spp.: three from C. acutatum four gloeosporioides . were sourced anthracnose fruit rot crown strawberry North Carolina. Phylogenetic...

Ralstonia solanacearum species complex (RSSC) consists of three species, including R. solanacearum, pseudosolanacearum, and syzygii. The K60-type strain was isolated from a wilted 'Marglobe' tomato in Raleigh, North Carolina (NC) 1953 (Kelman 1954). It is classified as phylotype IIA, sequevar 7 (Prior Fegan 2005). In July 2023, during field visit Eastern NC, patches >50 eggplant (Solanum melongena cv. Pingtung Oriental) lycopersicum Saybrook) plants showing wilt symptoms were observed 1...

Strawberry ( Fragaria × ananassa Duchesne ex Rozier) is an important small fruit grown worldwide. Organic amendments can alter microbial communities and increase crop productivity. While research on organic in strawberry cultivation has primarily focused various regions the U.S., especially West Coast, there been little to no investigation into their potential benefits North Carolina (NC). A three-year trial was conducted from 2019 2022 at Horticultural Crops Research Station Castle Hayne,...

Breeding wheat for resistance is the most effective means to control Septoria tritici blotch (STB), caused by ascomycete Mycosphaerella graminicola (anamorph tritici). At least eight genes that confer STB in have been identified. Among them, Stb4 locus from cv. Tadinia showed M. at both seedling and adult-plant stages. However, no attempt has made map genome. A mapping population of 77 F10 recombinant-inbred lines (RILs) derived a three-way cross between resistant susceptible parent (Yecora...

Septoria tritici blotch (STB) of wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.), caused by the fungal pathogen Mycosphaerella graminicola (Fuckel) J. Schröt. in Cohn (anamorph: Roberge Desmaz.), occurs naturally all production areas around world. Two genes for resistance to this disease, Stb2 and Stb3 , have been identified germplasm together confer most prevalent strains M. Australia USA. However, so far neither gene has mapped genome their linkage relationships other markers are not known. The objectives...

ABSTRACT Fusarium graminearum causes head blight (FHB) in small grains worldwide. Although primarily a pathogen of cereals, it also can infect noncereal crops such as potato and sugar beet the United States. We used real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method based on intergenic sequences specific to trichodiene synthase gene (Tri5) from F. graminearum. TaqMan probe primers were designed estimate DNA content (FgDNA) susceptible wheat cv. Grandin after inoculation with 21 isolates...

Stagonospora nodorum blotch (SNB), caused by Phaeosphaeria nodorum, is a destructive disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum) found throughout the United States. Host resistance only economically feasible option for managing disease; however, few SNB-resistant cultivars are known to exist. In this study, we report findings from an association mapping (AM) P. in 567 spring landraces diverse geographic origin. The accessions were evaluated seedling greenhouse. Phenotypic data and 625 polymorphic...

Bacterial leaf streak (BLS), caused by Xanthomonas translucens pv. undulosa, has become more prevalent recently in North Dakota and neighboring states. From five locations Dakota, 226 strains of X. undulosa were collected evaluated for pathogenicity then selected inoculated on a set 12 wheat cultivars other cereal hosts. The genetic diversity all was determined using repetitive sequence-based polymerase chain reaction (rep-PCR) insertion (IS)-PCR. pathogenic barley but symptom severity...