We report on a unique Italian criminal case in which court ruled that therapist implanted false memories of abuse young girl. Using therapeutic excerpts, we show the used multitude problematic interventions are all linked to memory creation. Specifically, an analysis excerpts showed across many sessions, asked highly suggestive questions girl, implying she was abused by her father. In addition, girl underwent EMDR techniques have been associated with undermining effects. Our analyses...

Abstract One of the most heated debates in psychological science concerns concept repressed memory. We discuss how debate on memories continues to surface legal settings, sometimes even suggest avenues reform. In past years, several European countries have extended or abolished statute limitations for prosecution sexual crimes. Such statutes force actions (e.g., abuse) be applied within a certain period time. reasons changes idea argue that from standpoint, these law reforms can detrimental,...

False denial is a deceptive strategy that requires fewer cognitive resources than other strategies (e.g. simulating amnesia, fabrication). In the present experiment, we examined effects of different types false denials varying in load on memory. Participants (N = 159) watched video (theft) and then answered some questions about it. Some participants had to tell truth theft, while others were either asked falsely deny all event-related details (i.e. simple denial) or just same event complex...

Abstract In the present study, we used a new approach to establish smallest effect size of interest (SESOI) for false memory research by asking researchers what they considered be SESOI in research. They were presented with three hypothetical and influential paper scenarios. These scenarios depicted studies examining effects certain manipulations (e.g., therapy) on formation using well‐known paradigms: Deese/Roediger‐McDermott, misinformation, forced fabrication. Subsequently, asked each...

People oftentimes experience traumatic events together with co-witnesses, who might remember incidents differently. Moreover, people experiencing such may initially deny them but eventually come forward (e.g. to a co-witness). We examined how initial false denials affected participants' endorsement of misinformation from co-witness. Participants (N = 131) watched trauma analogue video. Next, half were instructed falsely seeing certain details in the video, whereas other responded honestly an...

Abstract Purpose A heated debate exists on whether traumatic memories can be dissociated or repressed. One way in which researchers have attempted to prove the existence of dissociative amnesia repressed memory is examine claims for events are associated with specific neural markers. Methods Here, we will argue that such neuroscientific examinations do not tell us unconsciously from consciousness, respectively. Results We discuss studies and show there no reliable biological markers alleged...

The human ability of identifying, processing and regulating emotions from social stimuli is generally referred as Emotional Intelligence (EI). Within EI, Ability EI identifies a performance measure assessing individual skills at perceiving, using, understanding managing emotions. Previous models suggest that brain "somatic marker circuitry" (SMC) sustains emotional sub-processes included in EI. Three primary regions are included: the amygdala, insula ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC)....

Inthe current experiment, we were interested in the effects of lying (i.e. false denial or fabrication) on memory when deceptivestrategies repeatedly executed. Participants (n = 121) watched a video (i.e., electrician who committed burglary) and immediately afterand during following ten days, they instructed to either falsely deny, fabricate, answer honestly certain details video.Some discussed denied, fabricated, answered) once, four times. Other never discussed.Finally, all participants...

Abstract Debates surrounding the origin of recovered memories child abuse have traditionally focused on two conflicting arguments, namely that these are either false or instances repressed (i.e., reflecting idea people can unconsciously block traumatic autobiographical experiences and eventually regain access). While scientific evidence for first is clearly established, second subject a controversy in academic, clinical, legal fields. This rages today. In this introductory article to our...

Previous studies showed that feigning amnesia for a crime impairs actual memory the target event. Lack of rehearsal has been proposed as an explanation this memory-undermining effect feigning. The aim present study was to replicate and extend previous research adopting mock video instead narrative story. We participants violent crime. Next, they were requested imagine had committed offense either feign or confess A third condition included: Participants in delayed test-only control did not...

Dissociative amnesia is one of the most controversial categories in field psychiatry and clinical psychology. Self-reports dissociative general population, beliefs about this topic, have so far not been subjected to empirical scrutiny. Here, we surveyed a sample from population (N = 1017), revealing that tenth (n 102) claimed experienced amnesia. Some claims pertained for traumatic autobiographical experiences (e.g., sexual assault), while other reflected memory loss can be regarded as...

The present experiment aimed to examine how fabrication can affect memory. In particular, we examined whether different types of lead mnemonic effects. A sample 159 participants watched a video robbery and subsequently answered some questions about it. Participants were divided into three conditions: one group was instructed tell the truth (i.e., truth-telling group), while other two groups lie either by partially distorting details distortion group) or completely making up wrong event seen...

Recent studies have demonstrated that lying can affect memory and such effects are based on the cognitive load required in performing lie. The present study aimed to verify whether impact of two deceptive strategies (i.e., false denials fabrication) depends individuals' resources terms Executive Functions EF: Shifting, Inhibition, Updating). A sample 147 participants watched a video robbery then were instructed either fabricate fabrication condition), deny (i.e. denial or tell truth...

Abstract People lie on a frequent basis. However, when victim of maltreatment lies by denying the abuse, can become forensically relevant. We have reviewed relevant literature prevalence and memory consequences such false denials. The way forensic interviewers proceed in face children will be shaped their beliefs about frequency with which truly abused deny abuse. discuss that estimates denials among vary but do happen. When falsely eventually come forward experiences, second issue lingers:...

Previous studies demonstrated that, when asked to honestly provide information about a mock crime, former feigners performed worse than those who were requested confess this event. Thus, feigning amnesia for crime undermined genuine memory the same experience. In present study, we examined whether retrieval-induced forgetting (RIF) underlies memory-undermining effect. After watching participants had feign or having committed that crime. Feigners given retrieval practice instructions (i.e.,...

Ross argued that false memory researchers misunderstand the concepts of repression and dissociation, as well writings Freud. In this commentary, we show is wrong. He oversimplifies misrepresents literature on repressed memory. We rebut by showing fallacies underlying his arguments. For example, adduce evidence notions dissociation or are unnecessary to explain how people may forget then remember childhood sexual abuse, stressing abuse survivors reinterpret events later in life. Also,...

Victims of abuse might deny their traumatic experiences. We studied mnemonic effects simulating false denial a child sexual narrative. Participants (N = 127) read and empathized with the main character this Next, half were instructed to falsely abuse-related information while others responded honestly in an interview. One week later, participants received misinformation for narrative In final source memory task, participants' interview was tested. who denied endorsed more abuse-unrelated...