The usefulness of roles to support small group performance can often be read; however, their effect is rarely empirically assessed. This article reports the effects functional on performance, efficiency, and collaboration during computer-supported collaborative learning. A comparison 33 questionnaire observations, distributed over 10 groups in two research conditions (role nonrole) revealed no main for (grade). latent variable was interpreted as perceived efficiency (PGE). Multilevel...

Violent criminal offenders with personality disorders (PD's) can cause immense harm, but are often deemed untreatable. This study aimed to conduct a randomized clinical trial test the effectiveness of long-term psychotherapy for rehabilitating PDs.

The method of propositional manipulation (MPM) aims to help students develop conceptual understanding statistics by guiding them into self-explaining propositions. To explore task-and student-related factors influencing students' ability learn from MPM, twenty undergraduate performed six learning tasks while thinking aloud. results indicate that whether MPM depends on their proficiency level, the subject matter, number propositions in task, and instructions. should be tailored level...

School transitions and educational innovations confront students with changes in their learning environment.Though expectations are known to influence perceptions motivation, which, turn, the effectiveness of any situation, students' for a new environment have received little attention.This longitudinal survey, conducted 1,335 high school (average age, 15 years), studied subsequent 5 characteristics (fascinating content, productive learning, student autonomy, interaction, clarity goals)...

We investigated the relationships of adolescents' internalizing and externalizing behaviors with their early maladaptive schemas (EMS), coping responses, schema modes. focused on EMS related to experiences disconnection rejection that comprise vulnerable emotions, such as shame, mistrust, deprivation, abandonment, isolation/alienation. This cross-sectional study included a total 699 adolescents (combined clinical non-referred sample) who were 11 18 years old (M = 14.6; SD 1.6), which 45% was...

Around the world, an increasing number of people, predominantly women, are choosing to undergo cosmetic surgery-despite associated health risks. This study aimed promote a better cross-cultural understanding correlates and predictors favorable attitudes toward surgery among women in China (an Eastern country where is most rapidly) Netherlands (a Western country). Questionnaire data were obtained from 763 adult women; 245 Chinese (Mage = 29.71), 265 25.81), 253 Dutch 29.22). Facial appearance...

Abstract In the present study, we used a new approach to establish smallest effect size of interest (SESOI) for false memory research by asking researchers what they considered be SESOI in research. They were presented with three hypothetical and influential paper scenarios. These scenarios depicted studies examining effects certain manipulations (e.g., therapy) on formation using well‐known paradigms: Deese/Roediger‐McDermott, misinformation, forced fabrication. Subsequently, asked each...

The present study focuses on motivational constructs and their effect students’ academic achievement within an existing statistics course. First-year Health Sciences students completed a questionnaire that measures several constructs: dimensions of causal attributions, outcome expectancy, affect, behaviour, all with respect to statistics. results showed when the cause negative events was perceived as uncontrollable, expectancy negative. When stable, affect toward Furthermore, limited...

This study investigated the effects of four instructional methods on cognitive load, propositional knowledge, and conceptual understanding statistics, for low prior knowledge students high students. The were (1) a reading-only control condition, (2) answering open-ended questions, (3) questions formulating arguments, (4) studying worked-out examples type arguments in third group had to formulate themselves. results indicate that develop more statistics than With regard understanding, an...

Abstract In the eyewitness identification literature, stress and arousal at time of encoding are considered to adversely influence performance. This assumption is in contrast with findings from neurobiology field learning memory, showing that hormones critically involved forming enduring memories. discrepancy may be related methodological differences between two fields research, such as tendency for immediate testing or use very short (1–2 hours) retention intervals while studies insert...

In this study directive tutor guidance in problem-based learning (PBL) of statistics is investigated. a quasi experiment an educational setting, guiding tutors were compared with more traditional role. Results showed that the subjective perceptions students regard to course, tutor, and discussions tutorial meetings positive guided condition. The quality problems used general functioning evaluated as equal both conditions. Achievement was marginally higher It can be concluded effective...

Summary Verbal credibility assessment encompasses several methods used to evaluate the of statements by examining their content. In two experiments, we tested what extent these are sensitive contextual bias. Four were presented, although context was manipulated confronting raters with extra‐domain information that either enhanced or diminished statements. Experiment 1, 32 police officers analysed using scientific content analysis. 2, 128 undergraduates criteria derived from criteria‐based...

Treating disordered feeding at a young age reduces risks of future problems, but not all children profit equally; can we define predictors worse prognosis?In 252 children, with mean 4; 7 years (SD = 3 years; range 5 months to 17; 10 years), who had undergone behavioral day treatment in the past, several variables were investigated, retrieved from initial consultation (t1) and re-assessed follow-up (t2).Logistic regressions carried out sex, gastro-intestinal refusal first nutrition,...

Objective Psychotherapy may have many benefits for patients with mental health problems, but also negative experiences related to the therapy. Not much is known about these psychotherapy and their impact on treatment outcome. The aim of this study was examine association between positive Methods A total 130 participated in study. They received as usual were assessed at mid-treatment post-treatment using Positive Negative Experiences Questionnaire (PNEP). Treatment outcome measured by Outcome...

Prior knowledge activation facilitates learning. Note taking during prior (i.e., note directed at retrieving information from memory) might facilitate the process by enabling learners to build an external representation of their knowledge. However, notes be less effective in supporting if available is limited.This study investigates effects retrieval-directed function depending on learners' level It hypothesized that effectiveness influenced amount already possess.Sixty-one high school...

This study investigated whether the schema therapy constructs of coping and modes have val dity in adolescents. We examined validity reliability Schema Coping Inventory (SCI) an 80-item version Mode (SMI) a mixed sample Confirmatory factor analyse showed that first-order structures SCI SMI were replicated, but hypothesized higher-order models not confirmed. Instead, we proposed alternative model Internalizing, Externalizing, Overachieving, Healthy modes. In general, scales able o distinguish...

This multiple case study examined the feasibility and effectiveness of an innovative residential treatment, based on Schema Therapy (ST), for adolescents with disruptive behaviors Personality Disorder (PD) traits. We reported narratives as well quantitative changes in behavior problems, early maladaptive schemas, schema modes four patients. In terms feasibility, therapist was able to use full range ST techniques (working here now, experiential techniques, cognitive-behavioral techniques) all...

Summary Two field studies tested the effect of alcohol intoxication on memory for a live interaction at immediate, delayed, and repeated testing. In Study 1 ( N = 86), one researcher presented bar tenants with (misleading) questions regarding preceding another researcher. One week later, participants' was again. 2 189) added delayed‐testing only condition. We hypothesized to impair enhance suggestibility explored whether time testing affected outcome these variables. 1, reduced completeness...

This study investigated the effects of different teaching and learning methods for statistics 2 levels prior knowledge on cognitive load, propositional knowledge, conceptual understanding. Teaching were whether or not to provide students with information, strategies self-explaining material explaining in pairs. The results indicate that facilitates development leads differential understanding: Only low profit from additional information task and/or An implication these findings is should be...