Arvind F. Gupta
A5036745917- Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
- Astro and Planetary Science
- Astronomy and Astrophysical Research
- Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies
- Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae
- Adaptive optics and wavefront sensing
- Astronomical Observations and Instrumentation
- Space Exploration and Technology
- High-pressure geophysics and materials
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism Studies
- Calibration and Measurement Techniques
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Spectroscopy and Laser Applications
- Astronomical and nuclear sciences
- Speech and Audio Processing
- Technology Assessment and Management
- Blind Source Separation Techniques
- Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses
- Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research
- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Planetary Science and Exploration
Pennsylvania State University
2020-2024
NSF’s NOIRLab
2024
U.S. National Science Foundation
2024
NASA Exoplanet Science Institute
2020
Wayne State University
2007
Abstract We present the discovery of TOI-5205b, a transiting Jovian planet orbiting solar metallicity M4V star, which was discovered using Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite photometry and then confirmed combination precise radial velocities, ground-based photometry, spectra, speckle imaging. TOI-5205b has one highest mass ratios for M-dwarf planets, with ratio almost 0.3%, as it orbits host star that is just 0.392 ± 0.015 M ⊙ . Its planetary radius 1.03 0.03 R J , while 1.08 0.06...
Abstract We confirm TOI-4201 b as a transiting Jovian-mass planet orbiting an early M dwarf discovered by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite. Using ground-based photometry and precise radial velocities from NEID Planet Finder Spectrograph, we measure mass of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>2.59</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.06</mml:mn> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.07</mml:mn>...
We confirm the planetary nature of two gas giants discovered by TESS to transit M dwarfs. TOI-3714 ($V=15.24,~J=11.74$) is an M2 dwarf hosting a hot Jupiter ($M_p=0.70 \pm 0.03~\mathrm{M_J}$ and $R_p=1.01 0.03~\mathrm{R_J}$) on orbital period $2.154849 0.000001$ days with resolved white companion. TOI-3629 ($V=14.63,~J=11.42$) M1 ($M_p=0.26 0.02~\mathrm{M_J}$ $R_p=0.74 0.02~\mathrm{R_J}$) $3.936551_{-0.000006}^{+0.000005}$ days. characterize each transiting companion using combination...
Abstract Characterizing the masses and orbits of near-Earth-mass planets is crucial for interpreting observations from future direct imaging missions (e.g., HabEx, LUVOIR). Therefore, Exoplanet Science Strategy report recommended further research so extremely precise radial velocity surveys could contribute to discovery and/or characterization in habitable zones nearby stars prior launch these missions. Newman et al. (2023) simulated such 10 yr under various telescope architectures,...
Abstract We present the discovery of a low-density planet orbiting high-metallicity early M-dwarf TOI-5688 A b. This was characterized as part search for transiting giant planets ( R ≳ 8 ⊕ ) through Searching Giant Exoplanets around Stars (GEMS) survey. The discovered with Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite, and ground-based transits from Red Buttes Observatory, Table Mountain Observatory Pomona College, radial velocity (RV) measurements Habitable-Zone Planet Finder on 10 m Hobby Eberly...
Efforts with extreme-precision radial velocity (EPRV) instruments to detect small-amplitude planets are largely limited, on many timescales, by the effects of stellar variability and instrumental systematics. One avenue for investigating these is use small solar telescopes which direct disk-integrated sunlight EPRV instruments, observing Sun at high cadence over months or years. We have designed built a feed system carry out "Sun-as-a-star" observations NEID, very precision Doppler...
We present the discovery of a new Jovian-sized planet, TOI-3757 b, lowest density planet orbiting an M dwarf (M0V). It orbits solar-metallicity discovered using TESS photometry and confirmed with precise radial velocities (RV) from HPF NEID. With planetary radius $12.0^{+0.4}_{-0.5}$ $R_{\oplus}$ mass $85.3^{+8.8}_{-8.7}$ $M_{\oplus}$, not only does this object add to small sample gas giants ($\sim 10$) around dwarfs, but also, its low ($\rho =$ $0.27^{+0.05}_{-0.04}$ $\textrm{g~cm}^{-3}$)...
Abstract We perform an in-depth analysis of the recently validated TOI-3884 system, M4-dwarf star with a transiting super-Neptune. Using high-precision light curves obtained 3.5 m Apache Point Observatory and radial velocity observations Habitable-zone Planet Finder, we derive planetary mass <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>32.6</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>7.4</mml:mn> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo>...
We confirm the planetary nature of two gas giants discovered by TESS to transit M dwarfs with stellar companions at wide separations. TOI-3984 A ($J=11.93$) is an M4 dwarf hosting a short-period ($4.353326 \pm 0.000005$ days) giant ($M_p=0.14\pm0.03~\mathrm{M_{J}}$ and $R_p=0.71\pm0.02~\mathrm{R_{J}}$) separation white companion. TOI-5293 ($J=12.47$) M3 ($2.930289 0.000004$ ($M_p=0.54\pm0.07~\mathrm{M_{J}}$ $R_p=1.06\pm0.04~\mathrm{R_{J}}$) characterize both systems using combination...
We report on the confirmation and follow-up characterization of two long-period transiting substellar companions low-eccentricity orbits around TIC 4672985 TOI-2529, whose transit events were detected by TESS space mission. Ground-based photometric spectroscopic from different facilities, confirmed nature b , a massive gas giant in transition between super-Jupiters brown dwarfs mass regime. From joint analysis we derived following orbital parameters: P = 69.0480 −0.0005 +0.0004 d, M p 12.74...
Abstract With dedicated exoplanet surveys underway for multiple extreme-precision radial velocity (EPRV) instruments, the near-future prospects of RV science are promising. These surveys’ generous time allocations expected to facilitate discovery Earth analogs around bright, nearby Sun-like stars. But survey success will depend critically on choice observing strategy, which determine survey’s ability mitigate known sources noise and extract low-amplitude signals. Here we present an analysis...
Abstract Giant exoplanets orbiting close to their host stars are unlikely have formed in present configurations 1 . These ‘hot Jupiter’ planets instead thought migrated inward from beyond the ice line and several viable migration channels been proposed, including eccentricity excitation through angular-momentum exchange with a third body followed by tidally driven orbital circularization 2,3 The discovery of extremely eccentric ( e = 0.93) giant exoplanet HD 80606 b (ref. 4 ) provided...
Abstract Transiting giant exoplanets around M-dwarf stars (GEMS) are rare, owing to the low-mass host stars. However, all-sky coverage of TESS has enabled detection an increasingly large number them enable statistical surveys like Searching for GEMS survey. As part this endeavor, we describe observations six transiting planets, which include precise mass measurements two (K2-419Ab, TOI-6034b) and validation four systems, includes upper limits three (TOI-5218b, TOI-5616b, TOI-5634Ab), while...
The disintegrating ultra-short period rocky exoplanet K2-22b periodically emits dusty clouds in a dynamically chaotic process resulting variable transit depth from 0-1.3%. effluents that sublimate off the surface and condense out space are probably representative of formerly interior layers convectively transported to molten surface. Transmission spectroscopy these transiting reveal spectral fingerprints composition this world. We used JWST's Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) as low-resolution...
Abstract Stellar activity contamination of radial velocity (RV) data is one the top challenges plaguing field extreme-precision RV science. Previous work has shown that photometry can be very effective at removing such signals from data, especially stellar caused by rotating starspots and plage. The exact utility for contamination, best way to apply it, not well known. We present a combination photometric study eight Kepler/K2 FGK stars with known variability. use NEID RVs acquired...
Brown dwarfs bridge the gap between stars and planets, providing valuable insight into both planetary stellar formation mechanisms. Yet census of transiting brown dwarf companions, in particular around M stars, remains incomplete. We report discovery two low-mass hosts using a combination space- ground-based photometry along with near-infrared radial velocities. characterize TOI-5389Ab ($68.0^{+2.2}_{-2.2} \ \mj$) TOI-5610b ($40.4^{+1.0}_{-1.0} \mj$), moderately massive orbiting early...
Abstract We introduce NEIDSpecMatch , a tool developed to extract stellar parameters from spectra obtained with the NEID spectrograph. is based on SpecMatch-Emp and HPFSpecMatch which estimate by comparing observed spectrum well-characterized library spectra. This approach has proven effective for M dwarfs. Utilizing of 78 covering temperatures 3000–6000 K, derives key parameters, including temperature, metallicity, surface gravity, projected rotational velocity. Cross-validation shows...
We report the detection of a Saturn-size exoplanet orbiting HD 332231 (TOI 1456) in light curves from Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). 332231, an F8 dwarf star with V-band magnitude 8.56, was observed by TESS Sectors 14 and 15. detect single-transit event Sector 15 presearch data conditioning (PDC) curve. obtain spectroscopic follow-up observations Automated Planet Finder, Keck I, SONG telescopes. The orbital period we infer radial velocity (RV) leads to discovery another...
Long-period transiting planets provide the opportunity to better understand formation and evolution of planetary systems. Their atmospheric properties remain largely unaltered by tidal or radiative effects host star, their orbital arrangement reflects a different, less extreme, migrational history compared close-in objects. The sample long-period exoplanets with well determined masses radii is still limited, but growing number objects reveal themselves in TESS data. Our goal vet confirm...
NEID is a high-resolution red-optical precision radial velocity (RV) spectrograph recently commissioned at the WIYN 3.5 m telescope Kitt Peak National Observatory, Arizona, USA. has an extremely stable environmental control system, and spans wavelength range of 380 to 930 nm with two observing modes: High Resolution (HR) mode R $\sim$ 112,000 for maximum RV precision, Efficiency (HE) 72,000 faint targets. In this manuscript we present detailed description components NEID's optical fiber...
Abstract We report the discovery of a transiting, temperate, Neptune-sized exoplanet orbiting nearby ( d = 27.5 pc), M3V star TOI-1231 (NLTT 24399, L 248-27, 2MASS J10265947-5228099). The planet was detected using photometric data from Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite and followed up with observations Las Cumbres Observatory Antarctica Search for ExoPlanets program. Combining sets, we find that newly discovered has radius <?CDATA ${3.65}_{-0.15}^{+0.16}\,{R}_{\oplus }$?> <mml:math...
Abstract TOI-2076 b is a sub-Neptune-sized planet ( R = 2.39 ± 0.10 ⊕ ) that transits young (204 50 MYr) bright V 9.2) K-dwarf hosting system of three transiting planets. Using spectroscopic observations obtained with the NEID spectrograph on WIYN 3.5 m Telescope, we model Rossiter–McLaughlin effect b, and derive sky-projected obliquity <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>λ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mrow>...
We report the discovery of TOI-4127 b, a transiting, Jupiter-sized exoplanet on long-period ($P = 56.39879^{+0.00010}_{-0.00010}$ d), high-eccentricity orbit around late F-type dwarf star. This warm Jupiter was first detected and identified as promising candidate from search for single-transit signals in TESS Sector 20 data, later characterized planet following two subsequent transits (TESS Sectors 26 53) follow-up ground-based RV observations with NEID SOPHIE spectrographs. jointly fit...
We confirm the planetary nature of TOI-532b, using a combination precise near-infrared radial velocities with Habitable-zone Planet Finder, TESS light curves, ground based photometric follow-up, and high-contrast imaging. TOI-532 is faint (J$\sim 11.5$) metal-rich M dwarf Teff = $3957\pm69$ K [Fe/H] $0.38\pm0.04$; it hosts transiting gaseous planet period $\sim 2.3$ days. Joint fitting ground-based transits reveal radius $5.82\pm0.19$ R$_{\oplus}$, mass $61.5_{-9.3}^{+9.7}$ M$_{\oplus}$....
NEID is a high-resolution optical spectrograph on the WIYN 3.5-m telescope at Kitt Peak National Observatory and will soon join new generation of extreme precision radial velocity instruments in operation around world. We plan to use instrument conduct Earth Twin Survey (NETS) over course next 5 years, collecting hundreds observations some nearest brightest stars an effort probe regime Earth-mass exoplanets. Even if we take advantage instrumental conferred by NEID, it remain difficult...