Here we report the increase of coherence time T$_2$ a single electron spin at room temperature by using dynamical decoupling. We show that Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) pulse sequence can prolong Nitrogen-Vacancy center in diamond up to 2.44 ms compared Hahn echo measurement where T$_2 = 390 \mu$s. Moreover, performing locking experiments demonstrate with CPMG maximum possible $T_2$ is reached. On other hand, do not observe strong nanodiamonds, possibly due short lattice relaxation...

A quantitative understanding of the dynamics biological neural networks is fundamental to gaining insight into information processing in brain. While techniques exist measure spatial or temporal properties these networks, it remains a significant challenge resolve with subcellular resolution. In this work we consider fundamentally new form wide-field imaging for neuronal based on nanoscale magnetic field sensing optically active spins diamond substrate. We analyse sensitivity system...

Optical bio-markers have been used extensively for intracellular imaging with high spatial and temporal resolution. Extending the modality of these probes is a key driver in cell biology. In recent years, NV centre nanodiamond has emerged as promising candidate bio-imaging bio-sensing low cytotoxicity stable photoluminescence. Here we study electrophysiological effects this quantum probe primary cortical neurons. Multi-electrode array (MEA) recordings across five replicate studies showed no...

New magnetometry techniques based on nitrogen-vacancy (NV) defects in diamond allow for the detection of static (dc) and oscillatory (ac) nanoscopic magnetic fields, yet are limited their ability to detect fields arising from randomly fluctuating (FC) environments. We show here that FC restrict dc ac sensitivities probing NV dephasing rate a environment should permit characterization inaccessible techniques. shown be comparable those require no additional experimental overhead or sample control.

Magnetic field fluctuations arising from fundamental spins are ubiquitous in nanoscale biology, and a rich source of information about the processes that generate them. However, ability to detect few involved without averaging over large ensembles has remained elusive. Here, we demonstrate detection gadolinium spin labels an artificial cell membrane under ambient conditions using single-spin nanodiamond sensor. Changes relaxation time sensor located lipid bilayer were optically detected...

Abstract Electron spin resonance (ESR) describes a suite of techniques for characterizing electronic systems with applications in physics, chemistry, and biology. However, the requirement large electron ensembles conventional ESR limits their spatial resolution. Here we present method measuring spectra nanoscale environments by longitudinal relaxation time single-spin probe as it is systematically tuned into target system. As proof concept, extracted spectral distribution P1 bath diamond...

We present a study of the spin properties dense layers near-surface nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centres in diamond created by nitrogen ion implantation. The optically detected magnetic resonance contrast and linewidth, coherence time, relaxation are measured as function implantation energy, dose, annealing temperature surface treatment. To track presence damage surface-related defects, we perform situ electron spectroscopy through both double electron-electron cross-relaxation on NV centres. find...

Abstract Imaging the fields of magnetic materials provides crucial insight into physical and chemical processes surrounding magnetism has been a key ingredient in spectacular development data storage. Existing approaches using magneto-optic Kerr effect, x-ray electron microscopy have limitations that constrain further there is increasing demand for imaging characterisation phenomena real time with high spatial resolution. Here we show how magneto-optical response an array negatively-charged...

In drug discovery, there is a clear and urgent need for detection of cell-membrane ion-channel operation with wide-field capability. Existing techniques are generally invasive or require specialized nanostructures. We show that quantum nanotechnology could provide solution. The nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in nanodiamond great interest as single-atom probe nanoscale processes. However, until now nothing was known about the behavior NV complex biological environment. explore dynamics...

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy is one of the most important tools in chemical and bio-medical research. However, sensitivity limitations typically restrict imaging resolution to ~ 10 µm. Here we bring quantum control detection systems demonstrate high-resolution electron spin using properties an array nitrogen-vacancy centres diamond. Our paramagnetic microscope selectively images electronic species by precisely tuning a magnetic field probes into with external target spins. This provides...

The hyperpolarisation of nuclear spins within target molecules is a critical and complex challenge in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (NMR) spectroscopy. Hyperpolarisation offers enormous gains signal spatial resolution which may ultimately lead to the development molecular MRI NMR. At present, techniques used polarise generally require low temperatures and/or high fields, radio-frequency control or introduction catalysts free-radical mediators. emergence room temperature solid-state spin...

Magnetic resonance detection is one of the most important tools used in life-sciences today. However, as technique detects magnetization large ensembles spins it fundamentally limited spatial resolution to mesoscopic scales. Here we detect natural fluctuations nanoscale spin at ambient temperatures by measuring decoherence rate a single quantum response introduced extrinsic target spins. In our experiments 45 nm nanodiamonds with nitrogen–vacancy (NV) were immersed solution containing 5/2...

New magnetometry techniques based on Nitrogen Vacancy (NV) defects in diamond have received much attention of late as a means to probe nanoscale magnetic environments. The sensitivity single NV magnetometer is primarily determined by the transverse spin relaxation time, $T_2$. Current approaches improving employ crystals with high density at cost spatial resolution, or extend $T_2$ via manufacture novel isotopically pure crystals. We adopt complementary approach, which optimal dynamic...

We study decoherence of a single nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center induced by the 13C nuclear spin bath diamond. By comparing Hahn-Echo experiments on and double-quantum transitions NV triplet ground state we demonstrate that this can be tuned into two different regimes. At low magnetic fields, nuclei behave as quantum which causes entangling with central spin. high behaves source classical field noise, creates imprinting random phase

Due to interest in both solid-state-based quantum computing architectures and the application of mechanical systems nanomagnetometry, there has been considerable recent attention focused on understanding microscopic dynamics solid-state spin baths their effects coherence a controllable, coupled central electronic spin. Using systematic approach based spatial statistics spin-bath constituents, we develop detailed, purely analytic theory for central-spin decoherence problem nitrogen-vacancy...

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy is one of the most important tools used across physical and life sciences, but typically requires macroscopic samples. A key challenge therefore to develop methods suitable for nanometric regime. This paper investigates a new approach whereby quantum relaxation single nitrogen-vacancy center spin in diamond monitored construct spectrum surrounding electron nuclear environment within volume. In contrast existing decoherence-based techniques, technique all...

In this work, we incorporate and image individual fluorescent nanodiamonds in the powerful genetic model system Drosophila melanogaster. Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy wide-field imaging techniques are applied to blastoderm cells during stage 5 of development, up a depth 40 µm. The majority cellularization exhibit free diffusion with an average coefficient (6 ± 3) × 10(-3) µm(2)/s, (mean SD). Driven motion was also observed velocity 0.13 0.10 µm/s SD) force 0.07 0.05 pN Nanodiamonds...

Abstract Iron is critical for life. Nature capitalizes on the physical attributes of iron biominerals functional, structural, and sensory applications. biomineralization well exemplified by magnetite‐bearing radula chitons, hardest known biomineral any animal. Although magnetism an integral property biominerals, limited information exists magnetic state, structure, orientation these nanoscale materials during mineralization. The advent quantum‐based microscopy provides a new avenue to probe...

The nitrogen-vacancy ($\mathrm{N}$-$V$) center in diamond has emerged as a candidate to noninvasively hyperpolarize nuclear spins molecular systems improve the sensitivity of magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments. Several promising proof-of-principle experiments have demonstrated small-scale polarization transfer from single $\mathrm{N}$-$V$ centers hydrogen outside diamond. However, scaling up these results use dense ensemble, which is necessary prerequisite for achieving realistic NMR...

After initial proof-of-principle demonstrations, optically pumped nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond have been proposed as a noninvasive platform to achieve hyperpolarization of nuclear spins molecular samples over macroscopic volumes and enhance the sensitivity magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments. In this work we model process polarization external by NV theoretically evaluate their performance range scenarios. We find that average spin polarizations exceeding 10% can principle be...

Abstract The implementation of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) at the nanoscale is a major challenge, as resolution conventional methods limited to mesoscopic scales. Approaches based on quantum spin probes, such nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centre in diamond, have achieved nano-NMR under ambient conditions. However, measurement protocols require application complex microwave pulse sequences high precision and relatively power, placing limitations design scalability these techniques. Here we...

Abstract Imaging the atomic structure of a single biomolecule is an important challenge in physical biosciences. Whilst existing techniques all rely on averaging over large ensembles molecules, single-molecule realm remains unsolved. Here we present protocol for 3D magnetic resonance imaging molecule using quantum spin probe acting simultaneously as sensor and source field gradient. Signals corresponding to specific regions molecule’s nuclear density are encoded state probe, which used...

We investigate the photo-induced spin dynamics of single nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centres in diamond near electronic ground state level anti-crossing (GSLAC), which occurs at an axial magnetic field around 1024 G. Using optically detected resonance spectroscopy, we first find that electron transition frequency can be tuned down to 100 kHz for \NV{14} centre, while \NV{15} centre strength vanishes frequencies below about 2 MHz owing GSLAC structure. optical pulses prepare and readout state,...