Importance Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) taxes are promoted as key policies to reduce cardiometabolic diseases and other conditions, but comprehensive analyses of SSB in the US have been difficult because absence sufficiently large data samples methods limitations. Objective To estimate changes prices purchases following 5 cities. Design, Setting, Participants In this cross-sectional study with an augmented synthetic control analysis, SSBs were estimated tax implementation Boulder,...

Abstract New discoveries in life sciences and the challenge of climate change are leading to emergence bioeconomy where basic methods advanced biology applied produce a wide array products while also improving environmental quality. The is continuing evolutionary process transition from systems mining nonrenewable resources farming renewable ones. This benefits modern tools molecular that have expanded human capacity breed new organisms utilize them increase productivity agriculture...

Objectives. To examine how much sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) excise taxes increased SSB retail prices in Oakland and San Francisco, California.Methods. We collected pretax (April-May 2017) posttax 2018) of SSBs non-SSBs from 155 stores Oakland, comparison cities. analyzed data using difference-in-differences high-dimensional fixed-effects regressions, weighted by regional sales.Results. Across all sizes, the average price 0.92 cents per ounce (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.28, 1.56)...

We examine how soda sales changed due to the campaign attention and election outcome of a local excise tax on sugar‐sweetened beverages. Using panel data beverage from university retailers in Berkeley, California, we estimate that purchases relative control beverages significantly dropped immediately after election, months before was implemented city Berkeley or campus. Supplemental scanner off‐campus reveal this result is not unique setting. Our findings suggest media coverage outcomes can...

We assess the economic and health costs of COVID policy responses to COVID. Based on initial estimates costs, social distancing policies were justified, but these now seem too high because learning by doing. Significant differences in mortality rates across US states countries can be explained population density, climate, exposure, policy. Regions that able contain disease early have seen fewer deaths lower losses. Some developing initially imposed drastic, costly measures, perhaps motivated...

Using 11 years of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey data set 2011 to 2021, we track evolution depression risk states territories before during COVID-19 pandemic. We use these in conjunction with unemployment COVID case by state year describe changes prevalence self-reported diagnosis a depressive disorder over time especially after onset 2020 2021. further investigate heterogeneous associations demographic...

While a 2021 federal commission recommended that the United States government levy sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) tax to improve diabetes prevention and control efforts, evidence is limited regarding longer-term impacts of SSB taxes on purchases, health outcomes, costs, cost-effectiveness. This study estimates impact cost-effectiveness an levied in Oakland, California.

The paper summarizes key findings of alternative lines research on the relationship between food and fuel markets, identifies gaps two bodies literature: one that investigates prices, another impact introduction biofuels commodity-food prices. former body literature suggests biofuel prices do not affect food-commodity but latter it does. We try to explain this gap, then show although was an important contributor recent food-price inflation 2001–2008, its effect declined after recession...

The differences between GM policies in the US and Europe have several causes. technology holds a home court advantage European chemical companies did not support its introduction. seem to provide benefits consumers, crops it applied were so significant Europe. was introduced during time when political influence of green parties especially significant, trust government capacity enter food security issues at lowest.

Abstract This study estimates spectator willingness‐to‐pay (WTP) for superstars in the National Basketball Association. Using microdata from an online secondary ticket marketplace and player absence announcements, I find 4%–22% ($4–$41) reductions prices when are announced to miss games. Additionally, LeBron James Stephen Curry exhibit larger impacts away games: 21% ($73/ticket) 18% ($50/ticket) Curry. The findings suggest popularity is a better predictor of WTP than productivity, line with...

Numerous studies have shown that the prevalence of mental health (MH) conditions worsened during COVID-19 pandemic. Further research is needed on this phenomenon over a longer time horizon considers increasing trend in MH before pandemic, after pandemic onset, and vaccine availability 2021.To track how patients sought help emergency departments (EDs) for non-MH pandemic.This cross-sectional study used administrative data weekly ED visits subset from National Syndromic Surveillance Program...

Many technologies face disapproval from some portion of the general public due to perceived risks or externalities. Individuals can respond these controversial either as consumers by choosing favorable alternatives voters supporting regulation. We examine relationship between willingness pay a premium for products that avoid technology and vote in favor ban mandatory labeling, with focus on how this is influenced income risks. In survey regarding genetically modified (GM) food, we find...

Previous research has assessed changes in pediatric and adolescent health care utilization during the COVID-19 pandemic; however, less is known regarding how pandemic affected adolescents' use of emergency care, specifically for mental (MH).To determine adolescents (ages 12-17 years), compared with other age groups, sought help departments (EDs) general MH conditions pandemic.In this cross-sectional study, National Syndromic Surveillance Program data Centers Disease Control Prevention Mental...

Abstract We assess the economic welfare implications of developing and introducing a gene‐edited banana with resistance against an emerging plant disease, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense Tropical race 4, on global production. Using model incorporating disease dynamics diffusion technological solution, we find that 5‐year delay in adoption results discounted losses $94 billion. Consumers always lose from delay, while impact producers depends timing severity disease. The suggest regulatory...

Abstract The introduction and adoption of autonomous vehicles (AVs) will likely reshape the transportation system many economic activities. literature on technology adoption, based studies in agriculture other sectors, provides lessons diffusion AVs its social impacts. We rely threshold model diffusion, where heterogeneous agents make decisions pursuing their self‐interests. Applications point to case technologies one can gain information predictions about future AVs. find that private...

(1993). Evaluating the Performance of Protective Put Strategy. Financial Analysts Journal: Vol. 49, No. 4, pp. 46-56, 69.

Abstract AB2020 established a deposit‐refund system in California, where consumers are reimbursed the California Redemption Value (CRV) upon recycling eligible containers at center. We study under this policy, focusing on consumer convenience, reported and diversion behavior, responses to changes CRV amount. find that prefer nearby centers with flexible operating hours short waiting times. While induces recycling, an increase would not lead major increases, given limited number of entering...

The introduction of GE to agriculture has encoun-tered strong resistance, reflecting conflicting groups within and between countries. This resulted in a regulatory environment that limited the application mostly feed fiber practically restricted its food. While agricultural biotechnology already provided significant benefits, much potential not been reached. Regulation reflects interests varying political power different groups. relatively supportive regulation U.S. it is an American...