In recent years, the fabrication of hydrazine sensors has received extensive attention because toxicity to environment and human beings.

In this letter, we discuss multiple links with equal weights, in buffer size based relay selection schemes cooperative wireless networks. A general factor is defined, which includes the weight of link as first metric and quality, or priority, second for different cases same weight. The Markov chain theoretical framework employed to evaluate outage probability, delay throughput system. proposed scheme evaluated symmetric asymmetric channel conditions. quality achieves lower while priority...

Densification and multi-band operation means inter-frequency handovers can become a bottleneck for mobile user experience in emerging cellular networks. The challenge is aggravated by the fact that there does not exist method to optimize key handover parameters namely A5 time-to-trigger, A5-threshold1 A5-threshold2. This paper presents first study analyze three jointly maximizing performance indicators reflect experience: success rate (HOSR), reference signal received power (RSRP),...

In this paper, we analyze the impact of buffer-aided full-duplex successive relay selection schemes with energy harvesting capability nodes in amplifying and forward (AF) decode (DF) relaying environments for Internet Things networks. We propose to select a pair based on harvested signal strength at destination receive transmit same time slot, respectively. Contrary previous which are only cause overuse problem, proposed scheme ensures balanced use nodes. The is implemented switching (TS)...

This paper presents and evaluates a simple but effective approach for substantially reducing inter-frequency handover (HO) failure rate. We build machine learning model to forecast HO failures. For improved accuracy compared the state-of-the-art models, we use domain knowledge identify leverage input features. These features include reference signal received power (RSRP) of source target base stations as well RSRP interferers both layers. Six classifiers are tested with highest 93% observed...

Relay selection in cooperative communication is an efficient approach to mitigate the spectral efficiency loss faced diversity systems. In this paper, we propose a relay scheme for buffer-aided It simultaneously considers instantaneous link quality and buffer status of nodes decision. The normalized weighted sum these parameters results into overall score each link, with maximum selected. First, concept equivalent outage corresponding explained, then Markov chain (MC) modeling used...

The prospect of mankind returning to the Moon has garnered a great amount attention in recent years. Dozens lunar missions are planned for coming decade which will require development sustainable communication infrastructure with high data rates and minimal latency. Space systems thus far have relied on Radio Frequency (RF) links alone, but developments laser communications demonstrated that Free Optical (FSO) can achieve much higher rates. Upon considering respective benefits drawbacks RF...

Densification and multi-band operation in 5G beyond pose an unprecedented challenge for mobility management, particularly inter-frequency handovers. The is aggravated by the fact that impact of key parameters, namely A5 time to trigger (TTT), threshold1 threshold2 on system's performance not fully understood. These parameters are fixed a gold standard value or adjusted through hit trial. This paper presents first study analyze optimize jointly maximizing two indicators (KPIs): Reference...

This paper presents an incremental cooperative communication scheme for a buffer-aided three node relay network consisting of source, Amplify and Forward (AF) destination. We consider the presence direct link propose which is based on concept packet diversity rather than diversity. The designed in such way that packets experienced bad channel conditions source-relay experience good relay-destination vice versa. Source multi-casts all to both If transmission not successful, source needs...

This paper investigates the performance of a buffer-aided cooperative relay network. In proposed design, each location in buffer is assumed to act independently called virtual having size 1. The selection based on instantaneous strength wireless link and status buffer. scheme analyzed for symmetric asymmetric channel conditions also sizes at relay. Markov chain used model evolution derive closed-form expressions outage probability, diversity gain, delay, throughput. design achieves gain (L...

Buffer-equipped relay selection schemes in cooperative communication offer evident performance gains terms of the outage probability and throughput. However, it brings increased delay which can be reduced by increasing relay-to-destination links. In this paper, a controlling parameter, termed as buffer limit, is proposed for occupancy, modifies corresponding (transmitting receiving) links also has its impact on average The selecting transmitting receiving channels directly controlled...

Buffer-aided cooperative relaying is often investigated either using decode and forward (DF) or amplify (AF) rules. However, it seldom the hybrid decode-amplify-forward (HDAF) rule. In this work, performance of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) based HDAF rule followed for buffer-aided relaying. Relay with best possible corresponding channel determined reception transmission. When source to relay hop most powerful, data forwarded chosen its SNR compared against predefined threshold at relay. If...

This paper presents a decisive threshold termed as the buffer-threshold to control selection probability of source-relay (SR) or relay-destination (RD) links for buffer aided cooperative wireless networks. The weights are reassigned using and link with maximum weight is activated. proposed scheme Buffer-Threshold based relay (BTRS). relations outage (OP) average delay calculated by Markov Modelling buffers. Theoretical results analyzed different cases validated Monte-carlo simulations. For...

Despite significant performance gains, buffer-aided cooperative communication incurs an increased latency. It is handled by prioritizing relay-to-destination links. The contribution of this paper two-fold, firstly, we studied buffer threshold based decode-and-forward (DF) relaying for Rayleigh fading channels in Nakagami-m channels. Secondly, present the outage analysis occupancy amplify and forward (AF) introducing a modified terms signal to noise ratio at relay destination, which enables...

In this paper, a novel routing strategy to cater the energy consumption and delay sensitivity issues in deep underwater wireless sensor networks is proposed. This named as ESDR: Event Segregation based Delay sensitive Routing. sensed events are segregated on basis of their criticality and, forwarded respective destinations forwarding functions. These functions depend different metrics like: Signal Quality Index, Localization free Noise Ratio, Energy Cost Function Depth Dependent Function....

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The performance of user-centric ultra-dense networks (UCUDNs) hinges on the Service zone (Szone) radius, which is an elastic parameter that balances area spectral efficiency (ASE) and energy (EE) network. Accurately determining Szone radius requires precise location user equipment (UE) data base stations (DBSs). Even a slight error in reported positions DBSs or UE will lead to incorrect determination UE-DBS pairing, leading degradation communication link. To compensate for positioning impact...