The composition of betalain, red or yellow pigments, and betaine (trimethylglycine glycinebetaine) nine beetroot ( Beta vulgaris L.) cultivars produced in the greenhouse field was studied. Inhibition HepG2 cell proliferation by betanin also tested. Four predominant betalains, two betacyanins (betanin isobetanin) betaxanthins (vulgaxanthin I miraxanthin V), were isolated quantified. Betanin vulgaxanthin major compounds extracts, respectively, they comprised >90% betalain content tested...

Hardy kiwifruits (Actinidia arguta) were treated with 20 μl/l 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) for 16 h at 10 °C and subsequently stored 1 ± 0.5 °C. Anticancer properties of the fruit extracts tested against five different human cancer cells. The hardy kiwifruits, without 1-MCP treatment, showed increases in both respiration ethylene production rates during storage. treatment remarkably inhibited ripening by reducing production. Fruits could be up to 5 weeks maintaining higher firmness, ascorbic...

(E)-2-Hexenal is a reactive electrophile species released by green plants upon herbivory or pathogenic infection and induces various defense responses. In this study, (E)-2-hexenal was used as natural alternative to artificial fumigants prevent postharvest of the 'Haegeum' kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis). Integrated transcriptome-metabolome analyses were performed investigate its effect on induction plant When fumigated with 100 μmol L-1 for 24 h at 20 °C then inoculated fungal pathogen...

We applied exogenous ethylene to 'Jecy green' kiwifruit elucidate the differences in fruit quality and metabolite profiling between naturally ripe (NR) ethylene-induced (ER) kiwifruit. Kiwifruit were exposed (200 μL/L) for 12 h at 20 °C maintained 9 days °C. Two metabolites of ascorbic acid arabinose significantly decreased during ripening regardless method. The concentrations sucrose, myo-inositol, citric acid, malic NR substantially higher than those ER fruit, while fructose, glucose,...

This study was carried out to better understand the mechanism responsible for increasing anthocyanins in blueberries after UV–B radiation at 6.0 kJ m–2 20 min. induced upregulation of genes involved anthocyanin biosynthesis blueberry fruit compared a nontreated control. Phenylalanine ammonia lyase, chalcone synthase, and flavanone 3′-hydroxylase, which are enzymes that function upstream biosynthesis, were significantly expressed by UV–B. Expression levels VcBBX, VcMYB21, VcR2R3MYB...

The contents of eight phytohormones and the expression levels genes encoding enzymes related to abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis deactivation/degradation transcription factors (TFs) fruit ripening were studied in non-climacteric strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch., cv. 'Seolhyang') at six developmental stages. hormones tested ABA, indole-3-acetic (IAA), gibberellic 4 (GA4), jasmonic (JA), methyljasmonate (MJ), jasmonoyl isoleucine (JA-Ile), salicylic (SA), ethylene (ET). stages small green...

Radish (Raphanus sativus L.), a root vegetable, is rich in glucosinolates (GLs), which are beneficial secondary metabolites for human health. To investigate the genetic variations GL content radish roots and relationship with other phenotypes, we analyzed 71 accessions from 23 different countries GLs using HPLC. The most abundant was glucoraphasatin, four-carbon aliphatic side chain. of glucoraphasatin represented at least 84.5% total content. Indolyl only 3.1% its maximum. principal...

Chilling injury in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) fruit during cold storage and market distribution results quality loss. In the present study, seed browning, a major chilling symptom, was observed stored at 2 °C, but not 13 °C. To alleviate this we applied vapour treatments of 50 μM methyl jasmonate (MeJA) or 250 salicylate (MeSA), combination both, investigated effect on browning storage. When treated with MeJA, highly inhibited endogenous jasmonic acid (JA) production increased via earlier...

Abstract In the present study, long‐term changes in first bloom date of shrub and tree species Seoul (126.56°E, 37.34°N), Korea were examined using historical observational data for period 1922–2004 (83 years). The study focused on two species, golden‐bell ( Forsythia koreana ) azalea Rhododendron mucronulatum ), three cherry Prunus yedoensis peach persica American locust Robinia pseudoacacia ). annual‐mean temperature has increased by about 2 °C over 83 years analyzed. increase is...

Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) spears are rich in bioactive compounds such as protodioscin, a saponin, and rutin, flavonoid. Protodioscin rutin routinely quantified separately, an approach permitting simultaneous measurement would significantly improve speed of analysis. We have optimized extraction procedure modified method high-performance liquid chromatography by coupling to ultraviolet detector simultaneously analyze protodioscin asparagus extracts. An acidic ethanol solvent was...

Ultraviolet (UV)-A, -B, and -C were radiated to full-ripe blueberries (cv. 'Duke'), their effects on fruit qualities phytonutrients during subsequent cold storage investigated. The exposed each UV light at 6 kJ/m(2) then stored 0 °C for 28 days. Weight loss decay of the fruits after treatment significantly decreased storage. total phenolics antioxidant activities UV-B treatments always higher than those control UV-A treatment. Individual anthocyanins markedly increased 3 h treatments....

Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) fruit is affected by chilling temperatures below 7–10 °C; thus, there are limitations to maintaining postharvest freshness during its cold storage and distribution. Here, the six endogenous hormones, abscisic acid, gibberellic indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), jasmonic jasmonoyl-isoleucine, salicylic were quantitatively analyzed, genes amino acids associated with them investigated under hypothesis that hormones primarily involved in injury (CI) of pepper fruit. two...

This study was conducted to characterize shortday onions of 3 pungency levels with regard the composition flavor related compounds. A total 9 onion breeding lines/cultivars were selected, per each low, medium, and high level, pyruvic acid contents 1.9 2.8, 4.8 5.4, 7.2 8.3 micromoles/mL, respectively. The precursors (S-1-propenyl-L-cysteine sulfoxide [1-PeCSO] S-methyl-L-cysteine-sulfoxide [MCSO]), free amino acids, sugars, soluble solids (SSC), sulfur (S) in bulbs measured. precursor ranged...

The hydrolysis of glucosinolates (GSLs) by myrosinase yields varieties degradation products including isothiocyanates (ITCs). This process is controlled the glucosinolate­myrosinase (G-M) system. major ITCs in radish roots are raphasatin and sulforaphene (SFE), levels these compounds decrease during storage after harvest. We investigated G­M system to understand mechanism behind roots. Six were stored for 8 weeks at 0–1.5 °C. concentrations GSLs (glucoraphasatin glucoraphenin) maintained...

This study was performed to purify and quantify quercetin glycosides (QG) aglycone (free) (Q) in 6 selected onion cultivars compare analytical approaches based on high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) spectrophotometry for the quantification of total (TQ) concentrations. Individual mono- di-glycoside Q compounds were purified using a semipreparative HPLC identified by comparing spectral data confirming corresponding peaks QG after incomplete enzyme-hydrolysis. Purified quantified as...

Summary Measuring the total phenolic content in wine is important estimating taste and health benefits of wine. We developed an automatic Folin–Ciocalteu (F‐C) method to reduce processing times (3 min), human errors waste volume as compared it manual method. The gallic acid standard responded linearly up 5000 μg mL −1 , dilution series between four‐ sixteenfold dilutions. Anthocyanins showed slower reaction rate with wine, quercetin, while ascorbic fastest rate. Fructose glucose at 10% level...

Postharvest storability is an important trait for breeding strawberry ( Fragaria × ananassa Duch.). We evaluated the postharvest fruit quality of five cultivars (‘Durihyang’, ‘Kingsberry’, ‘Maehyang’, ‘Seolhyang’, and ‘Sunnyberry’) identified differences in their ripening during transition from big-green to fully-red stage between two with highest (‘Sunnyberry’) lowest (‘Kingsberry’) storability, using comparative transcriptome -metabolome analysis. The differentially expressed genes...

Postharvest storage plays a key role in determining the marketability of kiwifruits. 'Haegeum' (Actinidia chinensis var. cv. 'Haegeum'), golden-fleshed kiwifruit, although gained popularity, knowledge its postharvest qualities is limited. Here, we performed comparative analysis physicochemical characteristics and green-fleshed 'Hayward' (A. deliciosa 'Hayward') kiwifruit. The fruit were stored for 1, 2, or 3 months at 0 °C after harvest subsequently transferred to room 25 week induce...

We investigated the ripening and skin greasiness of "Hongro" apples during storage at 20 °C. Postharvest treatment using 100 μLL