Purpose. All the major current case definitions for chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) specify substantial reductions in previous levels of occupational, educational, social, or personal activities to meet criteria. Difficulties have been encountered operationalizing 'substantial reductions.' For example, Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36) has used determine whether individuals met CFS disability criterion. However, methods using SF-36 prone including people without key...

Few studies have explored issues of sensitivity and specificity for using the fatigue construct to identify patients meeting chronic syndrome (CFS) criteria. In this article, we examine several scales that attempted define severe within CFS. Using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, found most sub-scales had either significant and/or problems. However, post-exertional subscale ME/CFS Fatigue Types Questionnaire (Jason, Jessen, et al., 2009) was promising in terms...

Implementing trauma-informed care (TIC) in youth-serving spaces is a growing priority the juvenile legal system, including youth detention facilities. This study examines implementation of six principles TIC using in-depth interviews with detained girls ( n = 25) and survey data from facilities United States 44). In general, we find understood applied TIC. However, girls’ experiences highlight paradox implementing “trauma-informed” practices punishment-oriented setting. Despite efforts made...

Research Summary In this study, we examine the interaction between race, gender, and risk assessment score on for recidivism. We used Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory (YLS/CMI) to measure criminogenic among a sample delinquent youth. The results multivariate Cox regression revealed significant when predicting findings indicated that slope relationship recidivism differed significantly Black youth as compared with White was even more pronounced subsample males. These suggest...

Although structured assessments have helped standardize juvenile court processes by systematically measuring risk for recidivism, it has been argued that some lack the ability to perform as a brief screener. This study explored potential original 42-item Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory (YLS/CMI) assessment screener sample first-time offenders in mid-western, industrialized county. Results indicated and shortened version YLS/CMI significantly predicted two-year recidivism...

Historically, minority youth have experienced harsher punishments and more negative outcomes than White even when risk assessment is used. The current study investigated the role of ethnicity in an understudied dispositional decision–program referral–and associated with said referral using a sample juvenile offenders (N = 2,678). used Youth Level Service/Case Management Inventory (YLS/CMI) to determine (1) if predicted program accounting for (2) recidivism. Results indicated that referral,...

Risk assessments have been used in the juvenile justice system to predict future crime, identify youth needs, and inform case planning. Currently, literature shows that juveniles are most often assessed when they enter court jurisdiction this entry or initial risk assessment score is typically recidivism. The current study Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory examine predictive validity initial, exit, change scores on a diverse sample (N = 360) young probationers. This one few...

Most criminogenic risk assessments are developed and empirically validated on samples of boys or comprised mostly boys, subsequently applied to girls. Using a sample male (n = 1,267) female 453) probationers, the purpose current study was examine potentially differential performance Youth Level Service/Case Management Inventory (YLS/CMI) instrument's eight domains for juvenile offenders. Findings revealed gender differences in predictive validity YLS/CMI which girls scored significantly...

The commercial sexual exploitation of children (CSEC) is a growing domestic health and policy concern. Exploited girls may be at heightened risk for entering the juvenile justice system. purpose this study was to explore needs CSEC victims resources available system-involved girls. data from included semistructured interviews, case discussions, residential placement meeting observations with personnel. Findings revealed labeling issues related (1) how court workers construct female through...

The increasing proportion of girls in the juvenile justice system has prompted courts to develop gender-responsive services. present study examined data from a mid-sized county court examine effects group home intervention for girls. compared participants ( n = 172) with who did not receive treatment 814) using propensity score matching (PSM). Girls received were significantly less likely re-offend 2-year follow-up period. Policy and practice implications services as well future directions...

Objectives. To develop statewide estimates of known victims and individuals at risk human trafficking in Ohio.Methods. We collected information from 12 state local sources including child welfare, legal services, law enforcement data. the data agency records dating 2013 to 2018. However, majority were calendar years 2014, 2015, 2016 (roughly 95% across individual aggregate sources). used probabilistic matching estimate victim at-risk cases-accounting for duplicates.Results. According...

Prior research suggests that the juvenile legal system does too little to address sources and underlying reasons for girls' court referrals. Drawing on attribution theories, current study examined perspectives characterize response of behaviors. Data from this were derived a multimethod, qualitative system-involved girls. We find actors hold gendered attributions delinquency, in turn informing their decision-making about how treat sanction Paternalism remains persistent feature locates,...

The assessment of criminogenic risk is critical in the prediction future delinquency and ability to provide appropriate services interventions for youth offenders. goal this study was determine whether using latent profile analysis (LPA) produced better classification profiles than traditional linear methods. Archival data were used examine 1,263 male female probationers. Criminogenic developed Youth Level Service/Case Management Inventory, a widely juvenile assessment. LPA determined that...

In an effort to bring more standardization the chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) Fukuda et al. case definition [1], Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has developed empirical [2] that specifies crite-ria instruments diagnose CFS. The present study investigated sensitivity specificity of this CFS em-pirical with diagnosed individuals from a community based were compared non-CFS cases. All participants completed questionnaires measuring disability (Medical Outcome Survey...

The proportion of girls involved in the juvenile justice system has steadily increased over last few decades. Previous research indicated that presence is often linked to trauma and violence, subsequent criminalization behaviors associated with traumatic experiences. present study examined qualitative interview data from court officers (n = 24) a mid-sized county review types extent experienced by connection trajectories. A secondary goal was determine current level access trauma-informed...

Abstract In previous qualitative research on Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS), researchers have focused the experiences of patients with ME/CFS in tertiary care samples. This study examined natural history people (n = 19) from a community-based sample. Findings highlighted multilayered themes involving illness experience and physical construction ME/CFS. addition, this further illuminated unique subthemes regarding community response treatment, which implications...

Youth involved in the juvenile justice system (ie, arrested youth) are at risk for health problems. Although increasing preventive care use by justice-involved youth (JIY) is 1 approach to improving their well-being, little known about access and of care. The objective this study was determine how rates well-child (WC) emergency department visits, as well public insurance enrollment continuity, differed between who have never been system. We hypothesized that JIY would exhibit less frequent...

Understanding the criminogenic risk factors and treatment needs of juvenile drug offenders is important because myriad negative outcomes that befall juveniles are involved in drugs. A widely used assessment tool, Youth Level Service/Case Management Inventory (YLS/CMI) was utilized to explore predict recidivism. Demographic differences between nondrug were also examined. Results suggested eight YLS/CMI domains, substance abuse domain not predictive recidivism for offenders. However, peer...