A5034724010- Marine and fisheries research
- Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies
- Marine Bivalve and Aquaculture Studies
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research
- Marine and coastal plant biology
- Fish Ecology and Management Studies
- Ichthyology and Marine Biology
- Marine animal studies overview
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Coastal and Marine Management
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics
- Fish Biology and Ecology Studies
- Marine Ecology and Invasive Species
- Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Food Industry and Aquatic Biology
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Plant and animal studies
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Arctic and Russian Policy Studies
- Crustacean biology and ecology
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Conservation, Ecology, Wildlife Education
Dalhousie University
2016-2025
Ocean Frontier Institute
2022
History of Science Society
2022
Missoula County Public Schools
2010
Madison Group (United States)
2010
Berkeley College
2010
Princeton Public Schools
2010
GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel
2003-2007
University of Wyoming
2006-2007
Plymouth Marine Laboratory
2006-2007
The diversity of life is one the most striking aspects our planet; hence knowing how many species inhabit Earth among fundamental questions in science. Yet answer to this question remains enigmatic, as efforts sample world's biodiversity date have been limited and thus precluded direct quantification global richness, because indirect estimates rely on assumptions that proven highly controversial. Here we show higher taxonomic classification (i.e., assignment phylum, class, order, family,...
Fighting for Fisheries In the debate concerning future of world's fisheries, some have forecasted complete collapse but others challenged this view. The protagonists in now joined forces to present a thorough quantitative review current trends world fisheries. Worm et al. (p. 578 ) evaluate evidence global rebuilding marine capture fisheries and their supporting ecosystems. Contrasting regions that been managed with those not, reveals trajectories decline recovery from individual stocks...
Local Speeding Early responses of species to climate change seemed predict a general poleward response (or upward in mountains and downward the ocean). Pinsky et al. (p. 1239 ) test an alternative hypothesis that relates more nature than changes temperature. Using nearly 50 years coastal survey data on >350 marine taxa, they found velocity was much better predictor patterns individual species' characteristics or life histories. The findings suggest largely track local conditions.
Contemporary climate change is characterized both by increasing mean temperature and variability such as heat waves, storms, floods. How populations communities cope with climatic extremes a question central to contemporary ecology biodiversity conservation. Previous work has shown that species diversity can affect ecosystem functioning resilience. Here, we show genotypic replace the role of in species-poor coastal ecosystem, it may buffer against extreme events. In manipulative field...
Overexploitation threatens the future of many large vertebrates. In ocean, tunas and sea turtles are current conservation concerns because this intense pressure. The status most shark species, in contrast, remains uncertain. Using largest data set Northwest Atlantic, we show rapid declines coastal oceanic populations. Scalloped hammerhead, white, thresher sharks each estimated to have declined by over 75% past 15 years. Closed-area models highlight priority areas for conservation, need...
More than half the fish in sea As human population has grown recent decades, our dependence on ocean-supplied protein rapidly increased. Kroodsma et al. took advantage of automatic identification system installed all industrial fishing vessels to map and quantify efforts across world (see Perspective by Poloczanska). world's oceans are subject industrial-scale harvest, spanning an area four times that covered terrestrial agriculture. Furthermore, seem not depend economic or environmental...
Setting-up place-based and transdisciplinary research to foster agrifood system transformation: Insights from the Aliment'Actions project in western France,
Synthetic organic polymers—or plastics—did not enter widespread use until the 1950s. By 2015, global production had increased to 322 million metric tons (Mt) year −1 , which approaches total weight of human population produced in plastic every year. Approximately half is used for packaging and other disposables, 40% waste accounted managed landfills or recycling facilities, 4.8–12.7 Mt ocean as macroscopic litter microplastic particles. Here, we argue that such mismanaged similar persistent...
Strong decreases in greenhouse gas emissions are required to meet the reduction trajectory resolved within 2015 Paris Agreement. However, even these will not avert serious stress and damage life on Earth, additional steps needed boost resilience of ecosystems, safeguard their wildlife, protect capacity supply vital goods services. We discuss how well-managed marine reserves may help ecosystems people adapt five prominent impacts climate change: acidification, sea-level rise, intensification...
Ongoing declines in production of the world's fisheries may have serious ecological and socioeconomic consequences. As a result, number international efforts sought to improve management prevent overexploitation, while helping maintain biodiversity sustainable food supply. Although these initiatives received broad acceptance, extent which corrective measures been implemented are effective remains largely unknown. We used survey approach, validated with empirical data, enquiries over 13,000...
While the physical dimensions of climate change are now routinely assessed through multimodel intercomparisons, projected impacts on global ocean ecosystem generally rely individual models with a specific set assumptions. To address these single-model limitations, we present standardized ensemble projections from six marine forced two Earth system and four emission scenarios without fishing. We derive average biomass trends associated uncertainties across food web. Without fishing, mean...
Here we present a meta-analytic approach to analyzing population interactions across the North Atlantic Ocean. We assembled all available biomass time series for well-documented predator–prey couple, cod (Gadus morhua) and northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis), test whether temporal dynamics of these populations are consistent with “top-down” or “bottom-up” hypothesis. Eight out nine regions showed inverse correlations supporting view. Exceptions occurred only close southern range limits both...
Large predatory fishes have long played an important role in marine ecosystems and fisheries. Overexploitation, however, is gradually diminishing this role. Recent estimates indicate that exploitation has depleted large fish communities worldwide by at least 90% over the past 50–100 years. We demonstrate these declines are general, independent of methodology, even higher for sensitive species such as sharks. also attempt to predict future prospects fishes. (i) An analysis maximum...
The open oceans comprise most of the biosphere, yet patterns and trends species diversity there are enigmatic. Here, we derive worldwide tuna billfish over past 50 years, revealing distinct subtropical “hotspots” that appeared to hold generally for other predators zooplankton. Diversity was positively correlated with thermal fronts dissolved oxygen a nonlinear function temperature (∼25°C optimum). declined between 10 50% in all oceans, trend coincided increased fishing pressure, superimposed...