A5051983281- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Forest ecology and management
- Plant and animal studies
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Conservation, Biodiversity, and Resource Management
- Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics
- Rangeland and Wildlife Management
- Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies
- Forest Management and Policy
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Agroforestry and silvopastoral systems
- Pacific and Southeast Asian Studies
- Land Use and Ecosystem Services
- Agronomic Practices and Intercropping Systems
- Seedling growth and survival studies
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications
- Tree Root and Stability Studies
- Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes
- Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
- Plant Ecology and Soil Science
- Soil erosion and sediment transport
University of Hawaii at Hilo
2015-2024
University of Florida
1994-2022
National Museum of Natural History
2020
ForestGEO
2020
Universiti Brunei Darussalam
2020
Stanford University
2019
Pacific Southwest Research Station
2019
United States Department of the Army
2019
United States Army
2019
Albany Research Institute
2019
Abstract Approximately half of the tropical biome is in some stage recovery from past human disturbance, most which secondary forests growing on abandoned agricultural lands and pastures. Reforestation these lands, both natural managed, has been proposed as a means to help offset increasing carbon emissions atmosphere. In this paper we discuss potential serve sinks for atmospheric dioxide aboveground biomass soils. A review literature data shows that increases at rate 6.2 Mg ha − 1 yr during...
Tropical secondary forests recover quickly (decades) in tree species richness but slowly (centuries) composition.
Abstract Aim To examine the contribution of large‐diameter trees to biomass, stand structure, and species richness across forest biomes. Location Global. Time period Early 21st century. Major taxa studied Woody plants. Methods We examined large density, biomass using a global network 48 (from 2 60 ha) plots representing 5,601,473 stems 9,298 210 plant families. This was assessed three metrics: largest 1% ≥ 1 cm diameter at breast height (DBH), all DBH, those rank‐ordered that cumulatively...
Maintaining tree diversity Negative interaction among plant species is known as conspecific negative density dependence (CNDD). This ecological pattern thought to maintain higher in the tropics. LaManna et al. tested this hypothesis by comparing how changes with intensity of local biotic interactions tropical and temperate latitudes (see Perspective Comita). Stronger specialized seem prevent erosion biodiversity forests, not only limiting populations common species, but also strongly...
Abstract Our research takes advantage of a historical trend in natural reforestation abandoned tropical pastures to examine changes soil carbon (C) during 80 years secondary forest regrowth. We combined chronosequence approach with differences the abundance 13 C between C3 (forest) and C4 (pasture) plants estimate turnover times bulk density fractions. Overall, gains were compensated for by loss residual pasture‐derived C, resulting no net change stocks down 1 m depth over chronosequence....
Planting tree seedlings in small patches (islands) has been proposed as a method to facilitate forest recovery that is less expensive than planting large areas and better simulates the nucleation process of recovery. We planted four species at 12 formerly agricultural sites southern Costa Rica two designs: plantation (entire 50 × m area planted) island (six three sizes). monitored seedling survival, height, canopy over 3 years. To elucidate mechanisms influencing survival growth, we measured...
Ecosystem restoration efforts are carried out by a variety of individuals and organizations with an equally varied set goals, priorities, resources time-scales. Once degraded landscape or community is recognized as necessary, choosing which species to include in programme can be difficult value-laden process (Fry, Power & Manning 2013; Jones 2013). Species choice often limited ecological information, particularly regard interactions, successional processes resource-use patterns. Selecting...
Primary tropical forests are renowned for their high biodiversity and carbon storage, considerable research has documented both species losses with deforestation agricultural land uses. Economic drivers now leading to the abandonment of lands, area in secondary is increasing. We know little about how long it takes these ecosystems achieve structural compositional characteristics primary forests. In this study, we examine changes plant composition aboveground biomass during eight decades...
Summary Tree size shapes forest carbon dynamics and determines how trees interact with their environment, including a changing climate. Here, we conduct the first global analysis of among‐site differences in aboveground biomass stocks fluxes are distributed tree size. We analyzed repeat censuses from 25 large‐scale (4–52 ha) plots spanning broad climatic range over five continents to characterize biomass, woody productivity, mortality vary diameter. examined median, dispersion, skewness...
One mechanism proposed to explain high species diversity in tropical systems is strong negative conspecific density dependence (CDD), which reduces recruitment of juveniles proximity adult plants. Although evidence shows that plant-specific soil pathogens can drive CDD, trees also form key mutualisms with mycorrhizal fungi, may counteract these effects. Across 43 large-scale forest plots worldwide, we tested whether ectomycorrhizal tree exhibit weaker CDD than arbuscular species. We further...
Although it is often assumed that root dynamics are similar to leaf in relation nutrient availability, this hypothesis rarely tested. Using sequential soil coring and a decomposition experiment, patterns of fine-root (<2 mm diameter) biomass, belowground net primary productivity, turnover rates were examined over 1-yr period three sites along forest chronosequence the Hawaiian Islands. These form natural fertility gradient but have species composition, climate, geology. The youngest site...
Conversion of abandoned cattle pastures to secondary forests and plantations in the tropics has been proposed as a means increase rates carbon (C) sequestration from atmosphere enhance local biodiversity. We used long‐term tropical reforestation project (55–61 yr) estimate above‐ belowground C investigate impact planted species on overall plant community structure. Thirteen tree (nine native four nonnative species) were part effort mid late 1930s. In 1992, there 75 (>9.1 cm dbh) forest....
In degraded tropical pastures, active restoration strategies have the potential to facilitate forest regrowth at rates that are faster than natural recovery, enhancing litterfall, and nutrient inputs floor. We evaluated litterfall dynamics under four treatments: plantation (entire area planted), tree islands (planting in six patches of three sizes), control (same age regeneration), young secondary (7–9-yr-old regeneration). Treatments were established plots 50 × m replicate sites southern...
While the supply of freshwater is expected to decline in many regions coming decades, invasive plant species, often 'high water spenders', are greatly expanding their ranges worldwide. In this study, we quantified ecohydrological differences between native and trees also effects woody removal on plot-level use a heavily invaded mono-dominant lowland wet tropical forest Island Hawaii. We measured transpiration rates co-occurring tree species with without treatments. Twenty Metrosideros...