A5035993165- Conservation, Biodiversity, and Resource Management
- Oil Palm Production and Sustainability
- Global trade, sustainability, and social impact
- Agriculture, Land Use, Rural Development
- Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Forest Management and Policy
- Remote Sensing in Agriculture
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Land Use and Ecosystem Services
- Economic and Environmental Valuation
- Biofuel production and bioconversion
- Agricultural Innovations and Practices
- Food Waste Reduction and Sustainability
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Bioenergy crop production and management
- Environmental Impact and Sustainability
- Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Genetically Modified Organisms Research
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Fish Ecology and Management Studies
- Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
New York University
2020-2024
University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa
2015-2024
Mercer University
2021-2022
University of Hawaii System
2017-2020
University of Minnesota
2014-2019
University of Hawaii–West Oahu
2016-2019
Institute of the Environment
2017
University of Victoria
2017
Applied Mathematics (United States)
2017
Yale University
2009-2015
Abstract. Understanding and quantifying the global methane (CH4) budget is important for assessing realistic pathways to mitigate climate change. Atmospheric emissions concentrations of CH4 continue increase, making second most human-influenced greenhouse gas in terms forcing, after carbon dioxide (CO2). The relative importance compared CO2 depends on its shorter atmospheric lifetime, stronger warming potential, variations growth rate over past decade, causes which are still debated. Two...
Achieving sustainable global food security is one of humanity's contemporary challenges. Here we present an analysis identifying key "global leverage points" that offer the best opportunities to improve both and environmental sustainability. We find a relatively small set places actions could provide enough new calories meet basic needs for more than 3 billion people, address many impacts with consequences, focus waste reduction on commodities greatest impact security. These points in system...
Industrial agricultural plantations are a rapidly increasing yet largely unmeasured source of tropical land cover change. Here, we evaluate impacts oil palm plantation development on cover, carbon flux, and agrarian community lands in West Kalimantan, Indonesian Borneo. With spatially explicit change/carbon bookkeeping model, parameterized using high-resolution satellite time series informed by socioeconomic surveys, assess previous project future expansion under five scenarios. Although...
Many major corporations and countries have made commitments to purchase or produce only "sustainable" palm oil, a commodity responsible for substantial tropical forest loss. Sustainability certification is the tool most used fulfill these procurement policies, around 20% of global oil production was certified by Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) in 2017. However, effect deforestation plantations remains unclear. Here, we use comprehensive dataset RSPO-certified noncertified (∼188,000 km
Agricultural trade plays an important role in global food security and resource sustainability. Global commodities is worth more than US$520 billion per year, could feed approximately two people, uses about 13% of worldwide cropland pasture, has geographically concentrated irrigation water demands. However, researchers rarely compare these monetary, nutritional, metrics, which limits our ability to holistically evaluate the drivers implications trade. We found that each metric suggests...
Commodity crop expansion, for both global and domestic urban markets, follows multiple land change pathways entailing direct indirect deforestation, results in various social environmental impacts. Here we compare six published case studies of rapid commodity expansion within forested tropical regions. Across cases, between 1.7% 89.5% new cropland was sourced from forestlands. Four main factors controlled expansion: (i) the availability suitable forestland, which is determined by forest...
ABSTRACT In a single quantitative study, we measured acrA , acrB tolC mdfA and norE expression in Escherichia coli clinical isolates by using real-time PCR. overexpression strongly correlated with fluoroquinolone multidrug resistance; did not. The order of abundance efflux pump transcripts all fluoroquinolone-susceptible was (highest), then norE. Our findings suggest acrAB is an indicator resistance.
Zero-deforestation commitments are a type of voluntary sustainability initiative that companies adopt to signal their intention reduce or eliminate deforestation associated with commodities they produce, trade, and/or sell. Because each company defines its own zero-deforestation commitment goals and implementation mechanisms, content varies widely. This creates challenges for the assessment effectiveness. Here, we develop criteria assess potential effectiveness at reducing within supply...
With increasing nitrogen (N) application to croplands required support growing food demand, mitigating N2 O emissions from agricultural soils is a global challenge. National greenhouse gas accounting typically estimates at the country scale by aggregating all crops, under assumption that are linearly related N application. However, field studies and meta-analyses indicate nonlinear relationship, in which relatively greater higher rates. Here, we apply super-linear response model...
Plantation-associated drainage of Southeast Asian peatlands has accelerated in recent years. Draining exposes the upper peat layer to oxygen, leading elevated decomposition rates and net soil carbon losses. Empirical studies indicate positive relationships between long-term water table (WT) depth loss rate peatlands. These correlations potentially enable using WT as a proxy for losses from peatland plantations. Here, we compile data published research assessing balance tropical plantations...
Zero-deforestation supply chain policies that leverage the market power of commodity buyers to change agricultural producer behavior can reduce forest clearing in regions with rapid expansion and weak governance. Yet leakage-when deforestation is pushed other regions-may dilute global effectiveness regionally successful policies. Here we show domestic leakage offsets 43-50% avoided induced by existing proposed zero-deforestation Brazil's soy sector. However, cross-border insignificant (<3%)...
Multi-stakeholder roundtables offering certification programs are promising voluntary governance mechanisms to address sustainability issues associated with international agricultural supply chains. Yet, little is known about whether roundtable certifications confer additionality, the benefits of beyond what would be expected from policies and practices currently in place. Here, we examine potential additionality Round table on Responsible Soybeans (RTRS) Roundtable Sustainable Palm Oil...
Abstract Several studies suggest that protected areas conserve forests because deforestation rates are lower inside than outside area boundaries. Such benefits may be overestimated when within contrasted with in lands where forest conversion is sanctioned. Here, we reexamine performance by disentangling the effects of land use regulations surrounding 110,000 km 2 network Sumatra, Indonesia. We compared 1990–2000 across: (1) areas; (2) unprotected sanctioned for conversion; and (3) production...
Abstract Oil palm plantation expansion into tropical forests may alter physical and biogeochemical inputs to streams, thereby changing hydrological function. In West Kalimantan, Indonesia, we assessed streams draining watersheds characterized by five land uses: intact forest, logged mixed agroforest, young (<3 years) mature (>10 oil plantation. We quantified suspended sediments, stream temperature, metabolism using high‐frequency submersible sonde measurements during month‐long...
Land cover prediction is essential for monitoring global environmental change. Unfortunately, traditional classification models are plagued by temporal variation and emergence of novel/unseen land classes in the process. In this paper, we propose an LSTM-based spatio-temporal learning framework with a dual-memory structure. The structure captures both long-term short-term patterns, updated incrementally to adapt model ever-changing environment. Moreover, integrate zero-shot identify unseen...
Abstract Environmental policies that impose restrictions within one location may be undermined or reinforced by ‘spillover effects,’ the movement of actors, processes, knowledge to other locations. Such spillovers are an important consideration in design interventions seeking reduce commodity driven deforestation. In these settings, global markets and mobile actors can move deforestation conservation behaviors over large distances, complicating efforts measure manage spillovers. Here we...