A5079709197- Agricultural risk and resilience
- Conservation, Biodiversity, and Resource Management
- Climate change impacts on agriculture
- Economic and Environmental Valuation
- Microfinance and Financial Inclusion
- Income, Poverty, and Inequality
- Land Rights and Reforms
- Agricultural Innovations and Practices
- Housing, Finance, and Neoliberalism
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Urban and Rural Development Challenges
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Genetically Modified Organisms Research
- COVID-19 impact on air quality
- Organic Food and Agriculture
- Plant and animal studies
- Poverty, Education, and Child Welfare
- Natural Resources and Economic Development
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
- Environmental Conservation and Management
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Human Rights and Development
- Banking stability, regulation, efficiency
- Climate Change Policy and Economics
University of British Columbia
2018-2024
University of California, Santa Barbara
2015-2024
National Bureau of Economic Research
2024
Okanagan University College
2023
Kiel University
2010-2022
University of Life Sciences in Lublin
2015
Center for International Forestry Research
2015
The environmental impacts of organic agriculture are only partially understood and whether such practices have spillover effects on pests or pest control activity in nearby fields remains unknown. Using about 14,000 field observations per year from 2013 to 2019 Kern County, California, we postulate that crop producers benefit surrounding decreasing overall pesticide use and, specifically, pesticides targeting insect pests. Conventional fields, by contrast, tend increase as the area...
Extreme events, such as those caused by climate change, economic or geopolitical shocks, and pest disease epidemics, threaten global food security. The complexity of causation, well the myriad ways that an event, a sequence creates cascading systemic impacts, poses significant challenges to systems research policy alike. To identify priority security risks opportunities, we asked experts from range fields geographies describe key threats over next two decades suggest questions gaps on this...
Significance Successful conservation of our dwindling wildlife involves a reduction in human costs—including casualties, crops, livestock, and other property—from interactions with wild species. We analyze survey data from households incurring damage India to illustrate that the cost casualties overwhelms all property losses. Our results imply following: 1) Considering while estimating costs conflict is essential. 2) Compensation for incurred insufficient. And 3) policies organizations...
Abstract Weather extremes like droughts and heat waves are becoming increasingly frequent worldwide, with severe consequences for agricultural production food security. Although the effects of such events on major crops is well-documented, response a larger pool unknown potential crop diversity to buffer outputs against weather remains untested. Here, we evaluate whether increasing portfolios at country level confers greater resistance country’s overall yield revenues losses high...
Abstract Small-scale farming provides both food and livelihoods for the vast majority of global poor. Thus, increasing stabilizing farm incomes production in developing countries is fundamental to reducing poverty. Policies rural development such as improved access non-agricultural or land titling may benefit farmers, but they also lead consolidation with unintended consequences aggregate supply. Using a large panel dataset households Uganda, we parse apart how size affects level riskiness...
Agricultural landscape intensification has enabled food production to meet growing demand. However, there are concerns that more simplified cropland with lower crop diversity, less noncrop habitat, and larger fields results in increased use of pesticides due a lack natural pest control homogeneous resources. Here, we data on insecticide from over 100,000 field-level observations Kern County, California, encompassing the years 2005-2013 test if field size, extent affect practice. Overall,...
Abstract Agriculture is a major threat to global biodiversity. A common claim that large‐scale agro‐industrial farming mainly responsible for the biodiversity decline, while smaller family farms are more wildlife friendly. Here we leverage natural experiment along former inner German border estimate causal impact of farm size on We combine land cover data with bird diversity establish mechanisms through which affects diversity. Our main results show increase in at reduces by 15%. The suggest...
Poverty and biodiversity are concentrated in rural areas of developing countries where incomes fluctuate with seasons weather extremes. In this paper, we quantify the income stabilizing role natural forests for households countries. We use panel data covering 7,556 23 countries, combined gridded on droughts, biodiversity, timing agricultural cycle. find that droughts during growing season reduce crop but these negative shocks partly offset by increased from forest extraction. also impact...
Abstract Rural households in developing countries depend on crops, forest extraction and other income sources for their livelihoods, but these livelihood contributions are sensitive to climate change. Combining socioeconomic data from about 8,000 smallholder across the tropics with gridded precipitation temperature data, we find that have highest crop at 21°C 2,000 mm precipitation. Forest incomes increase both sides of this agricultural maximum. We further indications declines response...
The paper analyses the effect of interest rate changes on education and child labor in an economy with a high-skilled sector, low-skilled sector fragmented credit markets. takes educated as input. unskilled labor, physical capital natural common-pool resources inputs. Credit supply consists (a) loans collateral form productive investments (b) higher-priced without collateral. Lower rates increase net present value returns to education. They also reduce costs investment current production....
Abstract In Spring 2020, COVID-19 led to an unprecedented halt in public and economic life across the globe. otherwise tragic time, this provides a unique natural experiment investigate environmental impact of such (temporary) ‘de-globalization’. Here, we estimate medium-run battery related lockdown measures on air quality 162 countries, going beyond existing short-run estimates from limited number countries. doing so, leverage new dataset categorizing tracking their implementation release,...
Abstract Rural to urban migration (RUM) is a key component of economic development, but its environmental consequences are not well understood. Here, we study the impacts RUM on agriculture and land use using household panel data in combination with tree cover from Uganda. Our results show that labor loss inflow remittances lead reduction crop diversity no shift toward less labor‐intensive crops or high up‐front investment. In addition those at intensive margin, find cultivated area level,...
Technological substitutes are poor proxies for functioning ecosystems
We study how rights-based resource management can trigger labor reallocation and development in a dual economy. Under open access, users may remain trapped poverty. Regulation of use generates rents that finance to resource-independent production. Transferability harvest quotas broadens the scope for reallocation, particular if are distributed unequally. Once process is started, it continues until long-run efficient allocation achieved. data from an Indian fishery illustrate numerically...
Many renewable natural resources have been extracted beyond sustainable levels. While some resource stocks recovered, others are still over-extracted, causing substantial economic losses. This paper develops a model motivated by empirical facts about use and regulation to understand these patterns. The is dynamic of dual economy with technological progress, structural change, costly regulation. Based on this model, we show that progress explains the initial increase in use. Technological...
In Spring 2020, COVID-19 led to an unprecedented halt in public and economic life across the globe. otherwise tragic time, this provides a unique natural experiment investigate environmental impact of such (temporary) ``de-globalization". Here, we estimate medium-run battery related lockdown measures on air quality 162 countries, going beyond existing short-run estimates from limited number countries. doing so, leverage new dataset categorizing tracking their implementation release,...
This paper explores the long–run development of an economy with a traditional sector based on common-pool resource-use, modern, resource-independent fixed entry costs, and imperfect capital market. We show theoretically that introducing resource-use regulations increases incomes in this can trigger process labor reallocation to modern sector. Allowing trade rights, or distributing rights unequally, broadens scope for development.