A5011772483- Pacific and Southeast Asian Studies
- Plant Diversity and Evolution
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Plant Taxonomy and Phylogenetics
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Plant and Fungal Species Descriptions
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Plant and animal studies
- Botany, Ecology, and Taxonomy Studies
- Morphological variations and asymmetry
- GABA and Rice Research
- Silicon Effects in Agriculture
- Topological and Geometric Data Analysis
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Leaf Properties and Growth Measurement
- Fern and Epiphyte Biology
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Oil Palm Production and Sustainability
- Ethnobotanical and Medicinal Plants Studies
- Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Livestock and Poultry Management
- Scarabaeidae Beetle Taxonomy and Biogeography
- Powdery Mildew Fungal Diseases
- Botany and Geology in Latin America and Caribbean
- Date Palm Research Studies
Bernice P. Bishop Museum
2019-2025
University of Washington
2018-2020
Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture
2020
Iowa State University
2016-2018
Sabah Forestry Department
2016
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
2016
Natural History Museum
2016
Conservatory and Botanical Garden of the City of Geneva
2016
University of Hawaii System
2012-2016
University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa
2007-2012
Measuring the “importance” of plants and vegetation to people is a central concern in quantitative ethnobotany. A common tool quantify otherwise qualitative data biological social sciences an index. Relative cultural importance (RCI) indices such as “use values” developed by Prance et al. (1987) Phillips Gentry (1993a, 1993b) are applied ethnobotany calculate value per folk or plant taxon. These approaches can provide amenable hypothesis-testing, statistical...
Abstract Grasses are widespread on every continent and found in all terrestrial biomes. The dominance spread of grasses grassland ecosystems have led to significant changes Earth′s climate, geochemistry, biodiversity. abundance DNA sequence data, particularly chloroplast sequences, advances placing grass fossils within the family allows for a reappraisal family′s origins, timing, geographic factors that promoted diversification. We reconstructed time‐calibrated phylogeny inferred ancestral...
We coordinated biogeographical comparisons of the impacts an exotic invasive tree in its native and non-native ranges with a congeneric comparison range. Prosopis juliflora is taxonomically complicated P. pallida forms complex. Thus we sampled Venezuela, also located two field sites Peru, range pallida. Canopies juliflora, New World but invader many other regions, had facilitative effects on diversity species both negative positive depending year, (overall neutral effects) Peru. However,...
Current morphometric methods that comprehensively measure shape cannot compare the disparate leaf shapes found in seed plants and are sensitive to processing artifacts. We explore use of persistent homology, a topological method applied as filtration across simplicial complexes (or more simply, features spaces different spatial resolutions), overcome these limitations. The described isolates subsets measures relationship neighboring pixel densities shape. apply analysis 182,707 leaves, both...
Grass leaf shape is a strong indicator of their habitat with linear leaves predominating in open areas and ovate distinguishing forest-associated grasses. This pattern among extant species suggests that ancestral shifts between forest habitats may have coincided changes or size. We tested relationships habitat, climate, photosynthetic pathway, size phylogenetic framework to evaluate drivers variation over the evolutionary history family. also estimated Poaceae whether margins served as...
For many years, the native populations of bird's-nest ferns in Hawai'i (known as 'ēkaha) have been referred to Asplenium nidus. Recent morphological studies on live plants and herbarium vouchers, along with literature review, reveal that most appropriate name is A. musifolium, which primarily known from Malesia Southeast Asia. Furthermore, nidus was a horticultural introduction now naturalized. This work has also elucidated need for critical study Pacific, where several cryptic taxa may be...
Abstract The Paleotropical monocot family Pandanaceae includes ca. 700 species assigned to four genera: Pandanus (ca. 500 spp.), Freycinetia 200 Martellidendron (6 spp.) and Sararanga (2 spp.). most speciose genus, Pandanus, was classically subdivided into eight subgenera. Previous cladistic analyses revealed that several key morphological characters might have evolved independently times, thus highlighting the need for a robust molecular phylogenetic framework elucidate relationships...
Pandanus grayorum Callm., Buerki & Gallaher (Pandanaceae) is newly described from the Wet Tropics of north-eastern Queensland in Australia. It second Australian species other than P. gemmifer H.St.John known to reproduce by axillary plantlets on aerial branches. can be distinguished and solms-laubachii F.Muell. dimensions its leaves, shape syncarps, morphology phalanges. The placement a molecular phylogeny confirmed morphological evidence showed that new clusters with clade closely...
Prosopis pallida and P. juliflora (commonly referred to as algarroba, mesquite, or kiawe) were introduced from South America areas in Oceania, Asia, Africa during the early nineteenth century. In many cases, they naturalized became widespread. some places, alien species are highly valued for products services that can provide such shade, cattle fodder, wood fuel fence posts, nectar honey production. Australia, four including pallida, juliflora, glandulosa, velutina, their hybrids considered...
Fossil grass silica short cell phytoliths (GSSCP) have been used to reconstruct the biogeography of Poaceae, untangle crop domestication history and detect past vegetation shifts. These inferences depend on accurately identifying clade which fossils belong. Patterns GSSCP shape size variation across family not established current classification methods are subjective or based a 2D view that ignores important 3D variation. Focusing Poaceae subfamilies Anomochlooideae, Pharoideae, Pueliodieae,...
Summary Process‐based vegetation models attempt to represent the wide range of trait variation in biomes by grouping ecologically similar species into plant functional types (PFTs). This approach has been successful representing many aspects physiology and biophysics but struggles capture biogeographic history ecological dynamics that determine biome boundaries distributions. Grass‐dominated ecosystems are broadly distributed across all vegetated continents harbour large diversity, yet most...
PREMISE With over 1500 species, the globally distributed Vernonieae is one of most successful members largest family flowering plants, Compositae. However, due to its morphological complexity and limited geographic representation in previous studies, subtribal biogeographic relationships are unclear. Here, new DNA sequence data spanning range tribe provides a taxonomically robust time‐calibrated phylogeny, estimates migration pathways timing important events, allows inference environmental...
Abstract Background and aims Palm fossils are often used as evidence for warm wet palaeoenvironments, reflecting the affinities of most modern palms. However, several extant palm lineages tolerate cool and/or arid climates, making a clear understanding taxonomic composition ancient communities important reliable palaeoenvironmental inference. taxonomically identifiable rare confined to specific facies. Although resolution information they provide remains unclear, phytoliths (microscopic...
Hawaiian plant radiations often result in lineages with exceptionally high species richness and extreme morphological ecological differentiation. However, they typically display low levels of genetic variation, hindering the use classic DNA markers to resolve their evolutionary histories. Here we utilize a phylogenomic approach generate first generally well-resolved phylogenetic hypothesis for evolution Bidens (Asteraceae) adaptive radiation, including refined initial colonization divergence...
Abstract We used a bi‐organellar phylogenomic approach to address higher‐order relationships in Pandanales, including the first molecular phylogenetic study of panama‐hat family, Cyclanthaceae. Our genus‐level plastid and mitochondrial gene sets includes comprehensive sampling photosynthetic lineages across order, provides framework for investigating clade ages, biogeographic hypotheses organellar evolution. Using multiple inference methods both genomes, we recovered mostly congruent...
Abstract Aim To test for and describe the genetic structure of Pandanus tectorius complex, a group closely related ocean‐dispersed plants members Indo‐Pacific coastal strand community. Location Tropical (coastal East Africa to Polynesia). Methods We sampled 535 individuals (46 localities) from throughout range complex. Fifteen microsatellite loci were used detect characterize population estimate migration rates between island groups broad regions. Results Hierarchical was detected. Samples...
The plant genus Bidens (Asteraceae or Compositae; Coreopsidae) is a species-rich and circumglobally distributed taxon. 19 hexaploid species endemic to the Hawaiian Islands are considered an iconic example of adaptive radiation, which many imperiled high conservation concern. Until now, no genomic resources were available for this genus, may serve as model system understanding evolutionary genomics explosive diversification. Here, we present high-quality reference genome Hawai'i Island B....
Herbarium sheets present a unique view of the world's botanical history, evolution, and biodiversity. This makes them an all-important data source for research. With increased digitization herbaria worldwide advances in domain fine-grained visual classification which can facilitate automatic identification herbarium specimen images, there are many opportunities supporting expanding research this field. However, existing datasets either too small, or not diverse enough, terms represented...
The Journal of the National Science Foundation Sri Lanka publishes results research in all aspects and Technology. journal also has a website at http://www.nsf.gov.lk/. 2021 Impact Factor: 0.682The JNSF provides immediate open access to its content on principle that making freely available public supports greater global exchange knowledge.Cover :Leatherback (a), green (b - adult & f hatchling), hawksbill (c) olive ridley (d) turtles who nest Lankan beaches, turtle crawl marks (e)...
Buerki, S., T. Gallaher, Booth, G. Brewer, F. Forest, J.T. Pereira & M.W. Callmander (2016). Biogeography and evolution of the screw-pine genus Benstonea Callm Buerki (Pandanaceae). Candollea 71: 217–229. In English, English abstract.This study investigates biogeography, systematics Callm. (Pandanaceae) based on six plastid DNA regions 54 specimens representing 36 species (60% generic diversity). Our maximum likelihood Bayesian phylogenetic inferences support monophyly its close relationship...
Abstract Current morphometric methods that comprehensively measure shape cannot compare the disparate leaf shapes found in seed plants and are sensitive to processing artifacts. We explore use of persistent homology, a topological method applied across scales function, overcome these limitations. The described isolates subsets features measures spatial relationship neighboring pixel densities shape. apply analysis 182,707 leaves, both published unpublished, representing 141 plant families...
Abstract Pandanus odorifer (Pandanaceae) is an economically important species distributed on coasts from India and Sri Lanka to South China through tropical Asian countries. odoratissimus has been widely used as the accepted name for species, but P. in reality a superfluous illegitimate name. No original material of traced, neotype designated here that
A refined procedure is described for modeling small, intricate plant structures using computer-aided design software. The facilitates the study of wind pollination in family Poaceae and provides virtual biological illustrations public outreach. Spikelets were fixed gFAA, dehydrated ethanol xylene, embedded paraffin wax, then sectioned with a rotary microtome. Images serial sections used as reference shape bracts splines program. Virtual models produced by this method have many potential...