This is a retrospective review of all patients requiring either Cotrel-Dubousset or Moss Miami rod removal. All initial spinal instrumentations were for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis from 1985 through 1994. Twenty-two who underwent removal late-developing infection constitute the study group.To determine bacteriology and treatment with after posterior instrumentation scoliosis.There have been conflicting reports regarding this entity, some reporting high percentage positive cultures others...

Abstract Research Summary We employ an exploratory approach to understand what differentiates boards that retain limited, potentially tokenistic, gender diversity (i.e., a single female director), and more genuinely diversify their composition by appointing additional directors. Previous studies have speculated strategic leaders responsible for board appointments may influence this occurrence. Using longitudinal data on U.S. firms, we find top managers having the sole director serve...

In this conceptual article, we argue that defining corporate social responsibility (CSR) and irresponsibility (CSI) as opposite constructs produces a lack of clarity between responsible irresponsible acts. Furthermore, contend the treatment CSR CSI concepts opposites de-emphasizes value stand-alone construct. Thus, reorient discussion to include multiple aspects current conceptualizations have not adequately accommodated. We provide an in-depth exploration how researchers define both...

Prospective clinical case series.Lumbar and thoracolumbar adolescent idiopathic scoliosis has traditionally been treated with an anterior approach instrumentation. This method often had problems kyphosis, pseudarthrosis, loss of correction. The senior author good results treating these same lumbar curves posteriorly wide posterior release segmental In this series his evolving technique, he adds pedicle screws as the sole anchor in thoracolumbar/lumbar curves.To prospectively evaluate...

Firms face a great deal of pressure to engage in the heightened debate about climate change policies and practices. Building on corporate political strategy literature, authors evaluate how firms choose influence those when faced with from shareholders activists. The triangulate firms’ choice activity (CPA) their environmental performance draw out whether affects firm’s engagement level CPA. find that S&P 500 use form constituency-building (CB) more often than financial-incentive (FI)...

Status and reputation have recently gained traction as theoretical mechanisms that, important parts of decision processes, influence explain firm behavior. In this study, we examine how environmentally concerned shareholder activists vary in their status reputation, these differences affect responsiveness to concerns. a sample 420 resolutions concerning the natural environment period 2004 2008, our results indicate that firms respond positively activists’ high (a desirable characteristic)...

This study reports the results of treatment adolescents with King Types 2, 3, and 4 idiopathic curves using Cotrel-Dubousset instrumentation. Imbalance was seen in 2 when distraction direction hook patterns crossing thoracolumbar junction were employed. not a modified pattern employing compressing forces across No imbalance observed Type 3 basic right thoracic curve pattern. In curves, second is required to obtain improved correction balance. The mechanism production explained by three...

Facing an increasing number and variety of issues with social salience, firms must determine how to engage that likely have a significant impact on them. Integrating management (IM) salience theories, the authors find socially contested issues—where there is high degree societal disagreement—in different manner from consensus, or agreement. Examining issue resolutions filed by shareholders 1997 2009 (3,887 total observations), study finds issues, as well those are both result in engagement...

Factors favoring development of the crankshaft phenomenon after posterior spinal fusion include immaturity and large residual deformity. Eight patients at high risk to develop underwent periapical anterior growth arrest before instrumentation fusion. With follow-up skeletal maturity, 0% developed phenomenon. Anterior a procedure is recommended in scoliosis

ABSTRACT: We focus on the core institution of capital market and institutional work professional service firms that provide ratings corporate issuers, initially in a bid to maintain this institution, which suffered when those involved relied solely information from issuers themselves. Through our analysis we identify new type decoupling—complicit decoupling. Complicit decoupling evolves over time, beginning with creation practice, here as form policing work, emerges help institution. This...

Wide lumbar posterior release, consisting of partial excision spinous process, interspinous ligament and ligamentum flavum, facet in plane from both outside within the spinal canal has been employed to increase coronal correction improve production lordosis (10). Adolescent idiopathic patients with fusion into spine were studied. Pre- postsurgical sagittal Cobb measurements as well bending done. Intraoperative biplanar radiographs done after positioning, rod placement, finally wide release...

Cotrel-Dubousset Instrumentation (CDI) presents a diversified posterior implant system applicable in any situation requiring spinal instrumentation. It acts the three dimensions of spine, frontal-sagittal-axial. Correct hook site selection and direction provide balance dimensions. The double major idiopathic scoliosis is an appropriate model on which to learn principles usage CDI Results wide variety pathology have been excellent. There learning curve for CDI, placement being most...

A prospective study of 12 patients with sagittal plane imbalance after multiple surgeries for scoliosis is reported. Reconstruction was attempted by posterior thoracolumbar junction osteotomy. Eighty-seven degrees thoracic kyphosis (ending at L3) improved to forty-one T12). Lumbar lordosis increased from 21 30 degrees, beginning L1 afterward (L3 before). 8.7 cm displacement the weight-bearing axis achieved. No permanent complications ensued. The procedure, without anterior surgery, corrects...

Abstract Stockholder and stakeholder perspectives have been positioned in the literature as being tension, thus a potential source of innovation change. However, researchers overlooked systematic examination this presumption theory practice. This study explores ways that stockholder assumptions are presented by theorists compares these with expressions used firms We argue theoretical entrenchment dichotomizing has disrupted ability to leverage tension. While scholarship remains trapped...

Abstract Material information is a core aspect of firm's governance and reporting activities. If corporate material, then the firm has responsibility to disclose it. Currently, firms must judge as material largely based on confusing set standard setters’ definitions. I analyze particular conditions laid out by each setter explain ethical implications that result from materiality judgments made using these varied standards. Importantly, this analysis underscores regulators, firms, researchers...

ABSTRACT Research Question/Issue The objective of this special issue (SI) is to galvanize research that examines the impact different kinds global social movements (GSMs) on practice international corporate governance. Findings/Insights articles included in SI provide unique insights into how various GSMs, including feminist, #blacklivesmatter, and climate movements, influence are influenced by governance actors practices across institutional contexts. Theoretical/Academic Implications...

Abstract This article examines the work of professional service firms ( PSF s) in their relationships with public corporations; that is designed to ensure investors and potential have information will enable them participate capital markets. Using an institutional theory lens, we view these efforts by s as maintenance specifically analyze related policing (i.e., rating), enabling tutoring), embedding routinizing collaborating) helps support market a core institution society. We illustrate...