A5065975747- Cell Adhesion Molecules Research
- Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia and Thrombosis
- Platelet Disorders and Treatments
- Cardiac and Coronary Surgery Techniques
- Blood transfusion and management
- Blood Coagulation and Thrombosis Mechanisms
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Heme Oxygenase-1 and Carbon Monoxide
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Hemoglobin structure and function
- Dengue and Mosquito Control Research
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases
- Trauma, Hemostasis, Coagulopathy, Resuscitation
- Gout, Hyperuricemia, Uric Acid
- Cardiac, Anesthesia and Surgical Outcomes
- Wound Healing and Treatments
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Diabetic Foot Ulcer Assessment and Management
- Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
- Cardiac Ischemia and Reperfusion
- Inflammasome and immune disorders
- Mechanical Circulatory Support Devices
University of the West Indies
2012-2024
University of the West Indies System
2007-2015
Ministry of Health
2015
University of the West Indies
2014
Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center
2014
Johns Hopkins University
2014
Imperial College London
2000-2013
University Hospital of North Durham
2010
Dartmouth–Hitchcock Medical Center
2009
British Heart Foundation
2000-2007
The recently described hemoglobin scavenger receptor CD163 mediates the endocytosis of hemoglobin:haptoglobin (Hb:Hp) complexes and thereby counters Hb-induced oxidative tissue damage after hemolysis. Although has been indirectly associated with antiinflammatory atheroprotective activity, no ligand-receptor-effector pathway yet for this receptor. To understand significance more clearly define downstream pathways linked to inflammatory resolution, we studied expression function in human...
Abstract Objective Although monosodium urate monohydrate (MSU) crystals have been recognized since the 18th century as etiologic agent of gout, it is still unknown why certain hyperuricemic individuals remain asymptomatic, and how an acute attack gout spontaneously resolves. We hypothesized that mononuclear phagocytes hold key to these questions, state monocyte/macrophage differentiation critical. Methods Human peripheral blood monocytes were differentiated for 1–7 days in vitro examined...
A panel of 21 alpha-subunit (CD11a) and 10 beta-subunit (CD18) anti-LFA-1 mAbs was screened for ability to activate LFA-1. single anti-CD11a mAb, MEM-83, identified which able directly induce the binding T cells purified ICAM-1 immobilized on plastic. This could be achieved by monovalent Fab fragments mAb MEM-83 at concentrations equivalent whole antibody, associated with appearance "activation reporter" epitope detected 24, completely inhibited anti-ICAM-1 LFA-1 blocking mAbs. The...
It has previously been shown that as monocytes differentiate into macrophages, they lose the ability to secrete proinflammatory cytokines in response monosodium urate monohydrate (MSU) crystals. The purpose of this study was investigate whether MSU crystals induce macrophages antiinflammatory factor instead.Human monocyte or macrophage isolates were prepared from samples obtained healthy volunteer donors either by differentiation blood vitro collecting cells skin blisters during early late...
Objective We have hypothesized that the process of monocyte to macrophage differentiation may alter inflammatory response mononuclear phagocytes uptake monosodium urate monohydrate (MSU) crystals. Methods Eight mouse monocyte/macrophage cell lines were arranged in increasing order differentiation, as judged by expression markers F4/80 and BM 8 phagocytic capacity. Secretion tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) MSU was measured enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results The panel revealed a close...
To analyze the binding requirements of LFA-1 for its two most homologous ligands, ICAM-1 and ICAM-3, we compared effects various activation regimes a panel anti-LFA-1 mAbs in T cell assays to or ICAM-3 coated on plastic. These studies demonstrated that was inducible both from exterior by Mn2+ interior an agonist "inside-out" signaling pathway. cells bound ICAM ligands with comparable avidity. A screen 29 led identification specific alpha subunit which selectively blocked adhesion but not...
Small island developing states (SIDS) have limited absolute resources for responding to national disasters, including health emergencies. Since the first confirmed case of COVID-19 in Caribbean on 1st March 2020, non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) been widely used control resulting outbreak. We document variety government measures introduced across and explore their impact aspects outbreak control. Drawing publically available information, we present cases deaths describe extent range...
Asthma has striking disparities across ancestral groups, but the molecular underpinning of these differences is poorly understood and minimally studied. A goal Consortium on among African-ancestry Populations in Americas (CAAPA) to understand multi-omic signatures asthma focusing populations African ancestry. RNASeq DNA methylation data are generated from nasal epithelium including cases (current asthma, N = 253) controls (never-asthma, 283) 7 different geographic sites identify...
Background Genetic control of gene expression in asthma-related tissues is not well-characterized, particularly for African-ancestry populations, limiting advancement our understanding the increased prevalence and severity asthma those populations. Objective To create novel transcriptome prediction models (nasal epithelium CD4+ T cells) apply them transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) to discover candidate genes. Methods We developed validated databases unstimulated cells (CD4+T) nasal...
Cantharidin skin blisters were examined over two days to model the acute and resolving phases of inflammation in human skin. Four created by topical administration cantharidin (0.1% v/v) forearm healthy volunteers, with IRB approval. Duplicate aspirated at 16 40 hours proinflammatory phases, respectively. There was a significant increase leukocyte infiltrate h appearance “resolving macrophage” phenotype CD14 + CD163 flow cytometry. Neutrophils acquired apoptotic markers observed be...
Pores are key features of natural tissues and the development scaffolds with biomimetic properties (pore structures chemical/mechanical properties) offers a route to engineer implantable biomaterials for specific niches in body. Here we report use sacrificial crystals (potassium dihydrogen phosphate or urea) that act as templates impart pores hyaluronic acid-based hydrogels. The mechanical hydrogels were analogous nervous system (in Pascal regime), investigated potassium crystal-templated...
Protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR1) is the principal thrombin receptor in vasculature, and antagonists against this are preclinical trials. Aprotinin, already approved for clinical use to reduce transfusion requirements cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) surgery, has been shown inhibit PAR1 activation vitro. Here, we exploit CPB as a model generation humans examine whether aprotinin can platelet clinically.PAR1 expression function on platelets was examined coronary artery grafting (CABG) patients...
Intraplaque hemorrhage causes adaptive remodelling of macrophages towards a protective phenotype specialized handling iron and lipid overload, denoted Mhem. The Mhem expresses elevated levels hemoglobin (Hb) scavenger receptor, CD163, capable endocytosing pro-oxidant free Hb complexed to acute phase protein haptoglobin (Hp). It is notable that individuals homozygous for the Hp 2 allele (a poorer antioxidant) are at increased risk cardiovascular disease compared 1 allele. In this study, we...
P- and E-selectin are surface glycoproteins that mediate leukocyte rolling on the of endothelium in inflammation. We have cloned porcine P-selectin cDNA generated a mAb, 12C5, with which to examine expression by aortic endothelial cells (PAEC) comparison E-selectin. Basal PAEC was greater than E-selectin, whereas more prominently enhanced stimulation TNF-alpha or IL-1alpha. Both human IL-4 led an increase expression, kinetics were delayed compared those seen following IL-1alpha, but did not...